Aquatic Ecosystems
advertisement
Name____________________________________________________________________________date_________ Final Study Guide Ecology 1______Relationship in which one organism benefits and one is harmed a. Ecosystem 2.______A place an organism lives b. Habitat 3.______Organism that gets it’s energy by eating other organisms c. Abiotic factors 4.______All of the organisms living in an area together with their physical Environment d. Biotic factors 5.______Natural resource that determines the carrying capacity 6.______Group of organisms that can mate to produce fertile offspring 7.______Organism that makes it’s own food 8._____Relationship in which both organisms are negatively affected 9.______A group of various species living in the same place and interacting with one another e. Species f. Organism g. Population h. Community i. Producer j. Consumer 10._____Relationship in which both organisms benefit k. Decomposer 11._____Organism that gets it’s energy by breaking down dead organisms l. Competition 12._____All the members of a species living in the same place at the same time m. Parasitism 13.______Maximum population that an ecosystem can support 14._______An individual living thing 15._______Relationship in which one benefits and the other is unaffected 16.______Living parts of an ecosystem 17.______Nonliving parts of an ecosystem n. Predation o. Mutualism p. Commensalism q. Carrying capacity r. Limiting resource Deer ecology What is the deer’s habitat? What effects do deer have on the forest? What effects do deer have on humans? What is one method for managing the deer population? Ecosystems Vocabulary: Know the definitions for the following terms: Food chainFood webTrophic levelsProducerConsumerHervivoreCarnivoreOmnivoreDecomposerBiomagnificationBioaccumulation- Review Questions: What is the main source of energy for life? How does the energy from the main source enter the ecosystem? How much energy is lost as you move up the energy pyramid? Solve the problem using the following food chain; GrassGrasshopperFrogsnakehawk Which organism is the producer? Which organism is a primary consumer? Which organism is a secondary consumer? Which organism is a tertiary consumer? If the grass contains 150,000 kcal of energy, after the grasshoppers eat the grass how much energy will they contain? Using the food chain from question 4, if the chemical ddt was present in this ecosystem which organism would contain the highest concentration of it? Why? Biogeochemical Cycles: Why are each of the following elements important for a healthy ecosystem? CarbonNitrogenPhosphorous- Carbon Cycle B A What is the chemical process that occurs at location A? (When plants take in CO2) What is the chemical process that occurs at location B? (When humans, animals, and plants release CO2)? How do the remains of plants and animals enter the carbon cycle? How do fossil fuels enter flow through the carbon cycle? What are the 3 carbon “sinks” found in the above diagram? Nitrogen Cycle A What is in location A that helps Nitrogen flow through the cycle? What is the role of the organism in location A in the nitrogen cycle? What role does lightning play in the Nitrogen Cycle? How do animals get the Nitrogen they need? Phosphorus Cycle Where is the majority of phosphate located? How does phosphate enter a water source? How does phosphate enter the soil? How Ecosystems Change ________1. A type of succession that occurs after a disturbance an already existing ecosystem ________2. The first organisms to colonize any newly available area and begin the process of ecological succession a. ecological succession b. primary succession c. secondary succession _______3. A final and stable community d. pioneer species _______4. A type of succession that occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before e. climax community _______5. A type of succession that occurs on abandoned farmland _______6. A gradual process of change and replacement of some or all of the species in a community f. old-field succession Review questions What type of vegetation would you expect to find on newly formed, rocky, volcanic islands? What type of succession followed the eruption of Mount St. Helens? What is a colonizer? What are benefits of forest fires? What type of vegetation would you expect to find on an abandoned farm that has been left undisturbed for 150 years? How do animals play a role in the early stages of succession? Biomes: Biome Rainforest Temperate Deciduous Forest Taiga Savanna Temperate Grasslands Vegetation Climate Animals Chaparral Deserts Tundra Biome vocabulary: Vocabulary: Abiotic Biotic Climate Epiphyte Succulent plants Permafrost What is the role of precipation in a biome? What is the role of soil in a biome? Aquatic Ecosystems What are the 5 factors that determine life in Aquatic Ecosystems? In the diagram below, label a plankton, a nekton, and a benthos organism. What are the two zones that make up lakes and ponds? 1. 2. In which aquatic zone would you be likely to find cattails and reeds? In which aquatic zone would you be likely to find bacteria and other decomposers? What are the two types of Aquatic wetlands? 1. 2. What are two similarities between swamps and marshes? What are two differences between swamps and marshes? What are some functions of a wetland? How do human activities cause wetland degradation and loss? What are the three properties that are looked at when assessing the water quality of a river,creek, or stream? What types of organisms for the biological assessment? And why are they used? Eutrophication: What is the role algae plays in an aquatic ecosystem? What are some organisms that eat algae? What is eutrophication and how does it occur? What are the effects of eutrophication? What are ways to reduce eutrophication? Why are lakes important? Watersheds What is a Watershed? Why are watersheds important? What are the three factors that effect water flow over a watershed? What are the types of maps used when studying water sheds? Why are these maps useful? What is the difference between infiltration and runoff, and which is better for a watershed? Why? Where would you expect to find the most runoff? What is the purpose of storm water management? What are 6 methods of storm water management? Essay Questions: Discuss an adaptation that a plant or animal has made to make it better suited to survive in it’s biome. Include the Biome that it is found in and how the adaptation helps it. What are sources of pollution in a watershed and what are their effects?
