What is the chemical formula for all monosaccharides?
Answer: C6H12O6
What type of bond links amino acids together?
Answer: Peptide
How do humans store glucose?
Answer: Molecules of Glycogen
What are the monomers of proteins?
Answer: Amino acids
What are enzymes and what do they do?
Answer: Biological catalysts that speed up the rate of a
reaction by lowering activation energy
List 3 examples of monosaccharides.
Answer: Glucose, fructose, galactose
What is a triglyceride made of?
Answer: 1 molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids
What are phospholipids made of?
Answer: 1 molecule of glycerol, 2 fatty acids, a
phosphate, and an alcohol
Where are triglycerides most commonly found?
Answer: In animals or products made from animals
What are the two polysaccharides found in plants and
how are they used?
Answer: 1. Cellulose(fiber) which is used to give a plant
rigidity and helps it stand upright
2. Starch which is how plants store glucose
A. Which indicator is used to test for the presence of a
monosaccharide?
B. What color will that indicator turn if a
monosaccharide is present?
Answer: A. Benedicts solution
B. It will turn orange
A. Which indicator is used to test for the presence
of a polysaccharide?
B. What color will that indicator turn if a
polysaccharide is present?
Answer: A. Iodine
B.It will turn dark blue/black
A. Which indicator is used to test for the
presence of a protein?
B. What color will that indicator turn if the test
is positive?
Answer: A. Biuret
B.Purple/Lavender
Name the five parts of an amino acid.
Answer: Central carbon atom, single hydrogen atom, an
amino group, a carboxyl group, an R-group
What makes one amino acid different from another?
Answer: The R-group
Where can phospholipids be found in the human body?
Answer: In the cell membrane
What element found in proteins is not found in
carbohydrates?
Answer: Nitrogen
Why are carbon compounds so abundant?
Answer: The can form 4 covalent bonds; they can bond
to other carbon atoms in single, double, or triple bonds;
they can form straight chains, branched chains, and rings
Describe what happens during a condensation reaction?
Answer: Monomers link to one another to from
polymers. Every time a monomer is linked, a molecule of
water is released.
Describe what happens during hydrolysis reactions.
Answer: Water is used to break down polymers into the
monomers they are composed of
What are the three classes of carbohydrates?
Answer: Monosaccharides, disaccharides,
polysaccharides
Describe the induced fit model of enzyme activity.
Answer: It refers to the fact that each enzyme is specific
for catalyzing only one specific reaction. Similar to the
fact that your house key only unlocks your door and no
other door.