Name: ___________________________
Period: ________
Date: ________
Academic Meiosis, Genetics & Heredity Test Review Key
1. How is an organism’s complex traits determined? DNA contain codes for proteins, which are
necessary for growth and functioning of an organism
2. Why is the sequence of DNA so important for an organism? Providing the instructions for the traits
of an organism
Answer questions 3-6 using the Karyotype to the right
3. What is a Karyotype used for? Detect/identify chromosomal
abnormalities.
4. Is the Karyotype to the right of a male or female? Female
5. Is there chromosomal defect? No
6. Is there and extra or missing chromosome? No
7. Can the karyotype determine if a mutation in a gene has
occurred? No
8. What types of inheritance is crossing a white bull with a red
cow resulting in a roan (red and white) offspring?
Codominance
9. In snapdragons, the combined expression of both alleles for
flower color produces a new phenotype that is pink. This is illustrated below. What is this called?
Incomplete dominance
10. What process produces gametes? Meiosis
11. What is the process below and what does it increase? Crossing-over and Genetic Variation
12. When an organism has two alleles of a particular gene that are different? Heterozygous
13. When an organism has two alleles of a particular gene that are the same? Homozygous
14. Fill in the chart below with the correct number of chromosome for each type of cell division
Organism
# of chromosomes
After Meiosis
After Mitosis (Somatic)
(Gametes) (n)
(2n)
Amoeba
50
25
50
Cat
38
19
38
Goat
60
30
60
Human
46
23
46
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15. What is an allele considered to be if one allele is express and the other is not? Dominant
16. Using the genetic key chart to write in the correct genotype
Pea Plants
T=tall
Y-yellow
t= short
Cocker Spaniels
y-green
B=black coat color
b=brown coat color
Guinea Pigs
Tomato plants
B=black fur
F=short fur
b=brown fur
f=long fur
H=hairy stems
h=hairless stems
Organism
Homozygous tall, heterozygous yellow pea plant
Heterozygous black cocker spaniel
Brown cocker spaniel
Possible genotypes
TTYy
Bb
bb
Guinea pig that is Heterozygous for both traits
Heterozygous hairy tomato plants
Heterozygous black, long fur Guinea Pig
BbFf
Hh
Bbff
17. If a two guinea pigs with the genotype BBFf x bbff, what percentage of the offspring would be
heterozygous for both traits?
18. What is the expected outcome of two tomato plants that are heterozygous for hairy stems?
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19. The segregation that occurs during meiosis results in a… Reduction in the number of chromosomes
per cell
20. If pea plants with the genotype TTYy is crossed with a pea plant with genotype Ttyy, what
percentage of offspring will be expected to have TtYy?
21. What are the components of DNA that are referred to as the genetic code. Nitrogen Bases
22. If a brown cocker spaniel is crossed with a homozygous black cocker spaniel. What is the expected
outcome?
23. If you cross a pink snapdragon with a white snapdragon. What percentage would be red?
(rr) red, (ww) white, (rw) pink
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24. What are all the possible blood types for the offspring produced by a type “O” mother and an a
Type “AB” father
25. Why is sexual reproduction important? Meiosis ensures that there is genetic variation within the
offspring that results from two parents.
26. A woman that is heterozygous for normal blood clotting is cross with a man that has normal blood
clotting. What are the chances that their offspring will have hemophilia?
H= normal blood clotting
h=hemophilia
27. Name the processes in the diagrams below as Mitosis or Meiosis
Mitosis
Meiosis
4
F=Free earlobes
f= Attached earlobes
28. Predict the genotype of individual #14
ff=Attached
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