Leader: Blake
Course: AnS 214
Practice Exam 3
Supplemental Instruction
Instructor: Dr. Keating
Iowa State University
Date: 10/28/15
1. A “foreign” molecule which can invoke the immune response is called a(n):
a. Hapten
b. antibody
c. immunoglobulin
d. antigen
Renal and Immune Systems
2. Active artificially acquired immunity is a result of:
a. Antibodies passed on from mother to baby through breast milk.
b. Vaccination.
c. Injection of an immune serum.
d. Antibodies passed on from mother to fetus through the placenta.
3. Cytotoxic T cells kill target cells:
a. By secreting antibodies.
b. By phagocytosis.
c. By releasing oxidizing agents.
d. Through insertion of perforins into the target’s membrane.
4. Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the thymus are:
a. T lymphocytes.
b. NK cells.
c. B lymphocytes.
d. Cytotoxic T cells.
5. Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in red bone marrow are:
a. T lymphocytes.
b. Antigen-presenting cells.
c. Helper T cells.
d. B lymphocytes.
6. The immune cell that allows for subsequent recognition of an antigen, resulting in a
secondary response, is called a(n):
a. Helper T cell.
b. Memory cell.
c. Antigen-presenting cells.
d. Plasma cell.
7. These molecules are secreted by leukocytes and macrophages and result in a fever.
a. Histamine
b. Antibodies
c. Pyrogens
d. Heparin
Supplemental Instruction
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8. When a localized area exhibits increased capillary filtration, hyperemia, and swelling, it
is an indication that:
a. Inflammation is occurring.
b. Antigens are present.
c. An immune response is underway.
d. Fever is developing.
9. Which of the following is a nonspecific barrier defense?
a. Macrophages
b. Natural killer cells
c. Mucous membranes
d. Complements
10. Which of the following is a characteristic of a secondary immune response?
a. A secondary immune response is started by naïve lymphocytes, while the primary
immune response is initiated by memory cells.
b. A secondary immune response does produce as many antibodies compared to a
primary immune response.
c. A secondary immune response is slower than a primary immune response.
d. A secondary immune response lasts longer than a primary immune response.
11. In the list below, which type of cell is involved in adaptive immunity?
a. Natural killer cells
b. Neutrophils
c. B cells
d. Macrophages
12. Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation?
a. Redness
b. Fever
c. Swelling
d. Pain
13. Humoral immunity is provided by:
a. T cells.
b. Interferons.
c. Antibodies.
d. Complement proteins.
14. _______is the property of lymphocytes that prevents them from attacking the body’s
own cells.
a. Immunological memory
b. Self-tolerance
c. Antigenicity
d. Immunocompetence
15. Which is correctly matched?
a. Helper T cells: recognize virus-infected cells
b. B cells: suppress the immune response once the foreign antigen has been cleared
from the body.
c. Cytotoxic T cells: activated by antigens bound to MHC I
d. Regulatory T cells: make antibodies
16. MHC II proteins are found on:
a. Cytotoxic T cells.
b. Antigen-presenting cells.
c. Red blood cells.
d. Helper T cells.
17. Without this cell, there is no immune response?
a. Cytotoxic T cell
b. NK cells
c. Macrophages
d. Helper T cell
18. Major calyces are:
a. Cone-shaped structures located in the renal medulla.
b. Large branches of the renal pelvis.
c. The expanded ends of renal pyramids.
d. Expanded ends of nephrons.
19. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the:
a. Major calyx.
b. Nephron.
c. Glomerulus.
d. Loop of Henle.
20. The blood supply to the nephron is the:
a. Renal artery.
b. Segmental artery.
c. Interlobular artery.
d. Afferent arteriole.
21. The Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus make up the:
a. Collecting system.
b. Renal corpuscle.
c. Papilla.
d. Loop of Henle.
22. The most important factor affecting the glomerular filtration rate is:
a. Blood hydrostatic pressure.
b. Capsular hydrostatic pressure.
c. Capsular osmotic pressure.
d. Blood osmotic pressure.
23. When the concentration of ADH increases:
a. More salt is secreted by the nephron.
b. Less water is reabsorbed by the nephron and collecting duct.
c. Less urine is produced.
d. The specific gravity of the urine decreases.
24. Which process results in systemic nervous system take over and a large loss of blood?
a. Tubuloglomerular response
b. Renin-angiotensin mechanism
c. Myogenic mechanism
d. Countercurrent mechanism
25. Which structure is the muscular tube that delivers urine to the bladder?
a. Urethra
b. Papillary duct
c. Renal pelvis
d. Ureter
26. Which substance would NOT normally be expected in urine?
a. Protein
b. Nitrogenous waste
c. Sodium
d. Chloride
27. Arrange the following structures in the correct sequence in which urine passes through
them to the external environment. (1) ureter, (2) renal pelvis, (3) calyx, (4) urinary
bladder, (5) urethra
a. 3, 4, 1, 5, 2
b. 2, 4, 1, 3, 5
c. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5
d. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
28. In situations where there is an extreme change in blood pressure (mean arterial pressure
less than 80 or greater than 180 mm Hg), extrinsic controls take precedence over intrinsic
controls.
a. True
b. False
29. Water can leave the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
a. True
b. False
30. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is relatively impermeable to solutes and freely
permeable to water.
a. True
b. False
31. If the efferent arteriole constricts while the afferent arteriole remains unchanged, the
glomerular filtration rate:
a. Cannot be determined.
b. Increases.
c. Does not change.
d. Decrease.
32. Which of the following statements about the urinary system is INCORRECT?
a. It metabolizes vitamin D to its active form.
b. It produces erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell formation.
c. It produces renin, which helps regulate blood pressure.
d. It carries out the majority of gluconeogenesis in the body.
33. The renal hilum lies on the _______ surface of the kidney.
a. Inferior
b. Medial
c. Superior
d. Lateral
34. The renal ___________is continuous with the ureter.
a. Medulla
b. Cortex
c. Pelvis
d. Glomerulus
35. All of the following are layers of the filtration membrane, except:
a. Fenestrated endothelium
b. Basement membrane
c. Renal capsule
d. Foot processes of podocytes
36. All of the following functions are carried out the renal tubules, except:
a. Filtration
b. Reabsorption
c. Secretion
d. Formation of urine
37. All of the following would stimulate the release of renin from granular cells. Except
a. Hemorrhaging or dehydration.
b. Inhibition by the macula densa cells.
c. Stimulation of the granular cells by the sympathetic nervous system.
d. Reduced stretching of the granular cells.
38. Which of the following substances is the largest component of urine by weight after
water?
a. Uric acid
b. Creatinine
c. Urea
d. Inulin
39. The kidney is the major _____________ organ:
a. Contractile
b. Excretory
c. Expulsion
d. Respiratory
40. Which of the following is a function of the urinary system?
a. Filter plasma
b. Regulate blood pressure
c. Regulate pH
d. All of the above
True/ False
41 T/F: Renal arteries deliver about ¼ of cardiac output to the kidneys
42 T/F: The blood flow in and out of the glomerulus in order is afferent arteriole, vasa recta,
glomerulus, efferent arteriole
43 T/F: The cuboidal cells that comprise the Proximal Convoluted Tubule have very few
microvilli
44 T/F: Podocytes are the major cells that are used for filtration
45 T/F: Cortical nephrons have a loop of henle that enter the renal medulla
46 T/F: Macula Densa cells can sense high salt content in the blood and open the afferent
arterioles
47 T/F: Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I by ACE
48 T/F: The innate immune system is specific
49 T/F: NK cells are Phagocytic
50 T/F: At the end of phagocytosis the indigestible and residual material is removed by
exocytosis