FRANCE 1814-1848
Ruler
Louis XVIII
1814-1824 minus
100 days in 1815
Charles X
1824-1830
Louis Philippe
1830-1848
Second Republic
Type of Government
Constitutional Charter – a liberal constitution
 No seigniorial duties
 Private property protected
 Intellectual and artistic freedom
 Two house parliament created
 100,000 men voting, out of the French
population of 30 million (though those
100,000 came from a variety of
backgrounds)
Repudiated the constitutional charter and tried
to re-create a constitutional monarchy
 Stripped people of their voting rights
 Censored the press
Constitutional charter
170,000 could vote
Seen as stubborn
All adult men voting
Slaves freed in cololeis
Moderate liberal republicans willing to let all
men vote
Radical republicans committed to socialism
End of Rule
Died of natural causes (last
French king to die in “office”)
Government collapses in 3
glorious days
Revolution of 1848
Abdicated
REVOLUTIONS OF 1848
France
Louis Philippe
Austria
Ferdinand I
Prussia
Frederick William IV
Pushed out of office
Promised reforms
Who revolted?
What was their
cause?
Middle and lower classes
wanting a say in
government
Groups that initially
worked together:
liberal republicans and
radical republicans
High point of
cooperation:
Establishment of national
workshops
Nationalistic Hungarians
wanting national autonomy,
full civil liberties and
universal suffrage
Poor demanded socialist
workshops and universal
male suffrage
Nationalistic groups
Serfs
Urban revolutionaries
Serfdom is abolished
Promised a liberal Prussian
constitution and German
unification
Prussian liberals want a
liberal, unified German
state
Artisans and factory
workers want democracy
and socialist support
programs
Liberals
Socialists
Crisis:
Thousands streamed to
Paris to sign up for
workshops
liberal capitalism vs.
socialism
After Louis Blanc dropped
from his government
position the artisans and
unskilled workers invaded
the National Assembly.
Over 10,000 killed in the
June Days
Workshops dissolved, new
government to have a
strong executive, Louis
Napoleon wins decisively
(will declare himself
emperor in 4 years.
Monarch before
revolution
Initial Fate of
monarch
Isms Clash:
Conflict:
Resolution?
Establishment of workshops
and a nationalistic Hungary
Conservativism vs.
Liberalism vs. socialism
Habsburg government
convinced ethnic minorities
in Hungary to revolt against
Hungarian rule
And
Czech and German
nationalists feuded
Ferdinand abdicated in favor
of Franz Joseph
Austrian army crushed
working class in Prague,
students in Vienna and
radicals in Vienna.
Russian army assisted in
subduing Hungary which the
Habsburgs ruled as a
conquered territory for
many years
Prussian Constituent
Assembly meets in Berlin to
draw up Prussian
constitution
National Assembly meets in
Frankfort to draw up a
national constitution
Battle over Denmark over
Schleswig Holstein
Conservativism vs.
Liberalism vs. Socialism
Frederick William not
willing to abide by Prussian
Constitution or accept a
liberal created constitution
for a unified Germany
Frederick William dismisses
the Prussian Constituent
Assembly
Frederick William will not
accept the crown of a
united Germany from the
“Gutter”
(Also Russian and Austria
won’t let Germany unite by
the princes giving power to
Frederick William)
Frederick William IV still
the conservative king of
Prussia with a Constitution,
German Confederation reestablished