Water in the Lithosphere
Infiltration rates depend on which of the following
a. dryness or wetness of soils
b. vegetation coverage
c. intensity and duration of rainfall
d. landuse such as cattle grazing
e. all of these*
Runoff, water moving over the land surface, occurs when infiltration rates exceed amount of water falling
a. True
b. False*
The gradient or slope of a stream is calculated by
a. multiplying the elevation of a point on a stream by the relief of the area
b. dividing the elevation of a point on a stream by the relief of the area
c. multiplying the change in elevation of two points of a stream by the stream length between those two point
d. dividing the change in elevation of two points of a stream by the stream length between those two point*
What is the discharge of a rive with a depth of 10 meters, width of 5 meters and a flow velocity of 5
meters/second
a. 2.0 m/sec
b. 5.0 m2/sec
c. 25.0 m2/sec
d. 250 m3/sec*
Which of the following holds the greatest freashwater
a. rivers
b. lakes
c. soil
d. glaciers and ice sheets*
The lower zone in the ground in which all the pores are filled with water is termed the
a. saturated zone*
b. phreatic zone
c. supersaturated zone
d. vadose zone
Percolation in the vadose zone increases as soil becomes drier
a. True
b. False*
Which sediment would make the poorest aquifer
a. sand
b. clay*
c. coarse pebbles
d. silt
Groundwater in unconfined aquifers flows
a. from the valleys to the hills
b. upwards through the soil
c. downward through the soil
d. from hills to the valleys*?
Perched water tables occur below the main water table.
a. True
b. False*
Which condition could lead to drawdown below the level of exiting wells
a. using water for agricultural purposes
b. recharge of water due to precipitation
c. growth of population in a area
d.both a and c*
In which sphere is water not present?
a. lithosphere
b. biosphere
c. hydrosphere
d. atmosphere
e. none of the above*
What two factors determine stream discharge?
a. velocity, length of stream
b. velocity, cross-sectional area of stream*
c. gradient, depth of stream
d. depth of stream, slope
What feature is present where the water table intersects the Earth’s surface?
a. artesian well
b. lake
c. aquiclude
d. spring*
e. aquifer
Which part of a stream would you expect to find the largest discharge?
a. the lower portion*
b. the upper portion
c. the middle portion
d. near a bend
e. none of the above