The Resolution of 16-th Russian Conference on Cold Nuclear Transmutation and Ball Lightning (RCCNT&BL-16) During the period June 1-8 2009 in the "Dagomys" Health Improvement Complex at the Russian President Department (settlement Dagomys of Sochi, Krasnodar region) the 16-th Russian Conference on Cold Nuclear Transmutation and Ball Lightning (RCCNT&BL-16) has taken place. The Conference has been arranged by the RCCNT&BL-16 Organizing Committee, Coordination Council on the Problem of Cold Nuclear Transmutation together with the Russian Committee on problems of Ball Lightning at the Russian Academy of Sciences and held under the auspices of Russian Physical Society, Nuclear Society of Russia, Russian Mendeleyev Chemical Society, Physical Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University and Russian Peoples’ Friendship University. Editions of the RCCNT&BL-16 Program and Abstracts, and also the Proceedings of the previous RCCNT&BL-15 have been carried out for the account of means of the RCCNT&BL-16 Organizing Committee. In the conference has taken part 20 representatives of Russia various science centers: from Moscow (10), the Moscow region (Fryazino (3) and Troitsk (2)), Krasnodar (1), Gatchina Leningrad region (1), Ryazan (1), Groznyy (1) and Uliyanovsk (1). At conference 28 reports from which were 10 - experimental and 18 - designtheoretical reports have been heard and discussed. On the problem of the Cold Nuclear Transmutation 14 reports (8 - experimental and 6 - theoretical) have been reported. On the Ball Lightning problem have been sounded 14 reports (2 experimental and 12 - theoretical), though sometimes this thematic division was obviously conditional as the studying subject in the report simultaneously mentioned both problems at once. In the presented experimental reports on the CNT problem an application of CNT process stimulation various techniques has been demonstrated that is very typical for the Russian researches. Among all reports devoted to Cold Nuclear Transmutation there were presentations evidenced the regular detection of different nuclear radiation (X-radiation, α,β,γ-radiation and other nuclear) products (Bazhutov, Baranov, Velikodnyi, Kanarev). In the Grishin, Kanarev & Machigov reports the observations of excess heat were presented. In Bazhutov report there were presented new results of observations in space experiments in solid state detectors stopping negative Erzion tracks with cloud of pits (transmuted recoil nuclei) in the stopping place. In the presented experimental reports on the problems of Cold Nuclear Transmutation there were demonstrated some different methods of initiating the processes of Cold Nuclear Transmutation which is very typical for Russian investigations. In reports of Kanarev and Grishin was used the plasma electrolysis of water solutions, in the reports of Baranov and Machigov - low-voltage electrolysis of water solutions, in the reports of Velikodnyi - the high-voltage discharge. In reports of Sapogin, Bazhutov, Velikodnyi, Kanarev and Triburt fresh theoretical nuclear-physical conceptions about a problem of the Cold Transmutation of Nuclei were presented. In his theoretician report Bazhutov has supposed to consider the Erzion mechanism of the Cold Nuclear Transmutation also by preliminary formation of the Erzion atom (Triton-Erzion - {Э-,H3}) for an explanation of earlier obtained transmutations of Bismuth Bi209 into Bi212 nuclei by Baranov. Sapogin already for a lot of years successfully develops the Unitary Quantum theory with which help he at last managed to obtain a spectrum of elementary particles masses. Kanarev proposes the author's version of the Cold Nuclear Transmutation mechanism, and Velikodnyi - his theoretical model of the vortical thermal pump work on a basis of the cluster water structure model. In reports on experiments and observations on the Ball Lightning problem (BL) there were presented the experimental attempts of Vlasov on creation of artificial BL at electric explosion and burning of the wire spirals curved into the toroid, and of Bushlanov photo-detection of the long-lived luminescent formation which has been shot by him ii Dagomys in 2008 (18 shots). In Shabanov's theoretical report the estimation of minimum life time for BL origination process within the limits of a hypothesis about BL formation at a stop of the linear lightning leader is given. In theoretical reports of Bychkov there were presented a development of BL with a hot cover model and of the pre-breakdown electric field value in a storm cloud problem solution. In Nikitin's report microdimensional fireballs, as the first step to Nano-technology area were considered. In the report of Shelkunov the project of BL generation on the basis of MW devices was proposed. In 2 theoretical reports of Vlasov were considered an electric conductivity of plasma in vortical BL MHD model and a funnel influence on parameters of plasmoids obtained at electric explosions of wire spirals curved in torus. In 2 theoretical reports of Sotina substantiations of Maxwell and Schrödinger equations within the limits of classical approaches were considered. In the report of Vysikailo the analytical modeling of the fields in electric filaments in supersonic streams of gas was presented. Gabyshev in 2 reports considered the thermodynamic versions of BL form forming and stationary condition existence. At the conference closing all participants of RCCNT&BL-16 have expressed unanimous opinion on expediency of researches continuation on the Cold Nuclear Transmutation of Chemical Elements and the Ball Lightning problems with publication of RCCNT&BL-16 Proceedings next year and the Organizing Committee of RCCNT&BL-16 proposal has been supported to carry out next 17th Russian Conference on problems of the Cold Nuclear Transmutation and the Ball Lightning (RCCNT&BL-17) in September - October, 2010 on the basis of HI CA OP of the Russian Federation "Dagomys". Chairman of RCCNT&BL-16 Organizing committee The deputy Chairmen Yu.N.Bazhutov V.L.Bychkov, N.V.Samsonenko