Supplementary Figure Legends Supplemental Figure S1. Trabecular bone loss and bone marrow fat increase in osteoporosis femur. (A-D): Trabecular bone loss in osteoporosis femur. The femurs from Sham and OVX mice were scanned by Micro-CT three month after surgery. Representative pictures of the coronal and horizontal plane of femur were shown (A). The BMD (B) and morphologic factor of trabecular bone (C, D) were calculated. (E): The weight of Sham and OVX mice were calculated. (F, G): Bone marrow fat increased in osteoporosis femur. The bone marrow fat was detected by toluidine blue staining (F) and the adipocyte size was quantified with Image Pro software (G). Data are shown as means ± SD. *P < 0.05, vs. Sham, n = 3. Scale bar in micrographs represents 200μm. Abbreviations: Sham, sham surgery; OVX, ovariectomy; BMD, bone mineral density; Tb.N, trabecular bone number; Tb.Th, trabecular bone thickness. Supplemental Figure S2. Cell surface markers expression in MSCs from Sham and OVX bone marrow. Flow-cytometry was performed to determine the surface markers expressed in Sham MSCs (A) and OVX MSCs (B). Supplemental Figure S3. Effect of mimics and inhibitor to regulate miR-705 and miR-3077-5p expression. (A) Negative control, miR-705 mimics and inhibitor were transfected in MSCs for 48 hours. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-705. (B) Negative control, miR-3077-5p mimics and inhibitor were transfected in MSCs for 48 hours. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-3077-5p. Data are shown as means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P<0.01, n = 3. Supplemental Figure S4. Effect of mimics and inhibitor to regulate miR-705 and miR-3077-5p expression during induction. (A) The transfected MSCs was cultured in osteogenic medium for 14 days. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-705 and miR-3077-5p after osteogenic induction. (B) The transfected MSCs was cultured in adipogenic medium for 7 days. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-705 and miR-3077-5p after adipogenic induction. Data are shown as means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P<0.01, n = 3. Supplemental Figure S5. Effect of IKKα SiRNA to regulate IKKα expression. (A, B): Negative control and IKKα SiRNA were transfected in MSCs for 48 hours. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the expression of IKKα (A). Western blot was performed to determine the expression of P65 (B). Data are shown as means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P<0.01, n = 3. Supplemental table Supplemental table S1. Primer sequence used for real-time RT-PCR detection Gene Primer Sequence Forward Reverse β-actin 5'-CTGGCACCACACCTTCTACA-3' 5'-GGTACGACCAGAGGCATACA-3' LPL 5'-CCCCAGTCGCCTTTCTCCTGAT-3' 5'-CTCTTGGCTCTGACCTTGTTGAT-3' PPARγ 5'-ACTGCCGGATCCACAAAA-3' 5'-TCTCCTTCTCGGCCTGTG-3' OCN 5'-CTGACAAAGCCTTCATGTCCAA-3' 5'-GCGCCGGAGTCTGTTCACTA-3' RUNX2 5'-GACTGTGGTTACCGTCATGGC-3' 5'-ACTTGGTTTTTCATAACAGCGGA-3' HOXA10 5'-TTCGCCGGAGAAGGACTC-3' 5'-TCTTTGCTGTGAGCCAGTTG-3' IKKα 5'-GTGAACATCCTCTGACATGTGTGGT-3' 5'-GCAACACAAGGAGGCTGGGCT-3'