Biology 211 Sample Exam 1 Endocrine/Blood/Lymphatic/Immunity
The exam only is on pages 1 - 7, the exam with the answers highlighted is on pages 8-14.
Match the following glands with the hormone they produce.
1. Pineal
2. Pancreas (beta cells)
3. Thyroid
4. Adrenal cortex
5. Anterior pituitary
6. Pancreas (alpha cells)
A. Thyroxine
B. Cortisol
C. Glucagon
D. Insulin
E. Growth hormone
AB. Melatonin
7. Which of the following hormones does not have a releasing factor to regulate its release?
A. GH
B. Oxytocin
C. ACTH
D. FSH
E. TSH
8. The function of thyroxin is to:
A. Increase blood calcium
B. Decrease blood glucose
C. Increase blood glucose
D. Increase basal metabolic rate
E. Decrease basal metabolic rate
9. The hormones of the anterior pituitary gland include all except:
A. GH
B. ADH
C. LH
D. ACTH
10. Which part of the brain is most closely associated with the function of the endocrine system?
A. Thalamus
B. Hypothalamus
C. Cerebral cortex
D. Medulla oblongata
E. Cerebellum
11. Which of the following conditions might result in high blood glucose levels?
A. Hyposecretion of insulin
B. Hypersecretion of insulin
C. Hyposecretion of glucagons
D. Hypersecretion of glucagon
E. Both A and D
AB. Both B and C
1

12. Which of the following pituitary hormones helps maintain fluid balance?
A. Oxytocin
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Aldosterone
D. Growth hormone
E. FSH
13. Receptors for hormones like the steroid hormones would be found in the:
A. Plasma membrane
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
E. Cytoplasm
14. This element is necessary for the formation of thyroxine:
A. Iron
B. Calcium
C. Protein
D. Iodine
15. Cortisol is released from the:
A. Adrenal cortex
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Anterior pituitary
D. Posterior pituitary
E. Pancreas
16. Mineralocorticoids are produced in the:
A. Zona fasculata
B. Zona glomerulosa
C. Zona reticularis
D. Thalamus
E. Hypothalamus
17. Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone produced by the:
A. Posterior pituitary
B. Hypothalamus
C. Uterus
D. Anterior pituitary
E. Mammary glands
18. Most blood hormone levels are regulated by:
A. Positive feedback mechanisms
B. Negative feedback mechanisms
C. Chemoreceptors
D. Gonadotropins
E. Tropic hormones
2

19. A hormone binds to a receptor on the plasma membrane of a cell. The receptor is on the __ .
A. Endocrine gland
B. Target cell
C. Second messenger
D. Hormone
E. Half-life
20. The intracellular series of events that occur after the hormone binds to its receptor on the plasma membrane and lead to a response are mediated by a ____.
A. Endocrine gland
B. Target cell
C. Second messenger
D. Hormone
E. Half-life
21. Substances in the blood are referred to as:
A. Hormonal factors
B. Neural factors
C. Humoral factors
D. Circulatory factors
22. Hyposecretion of growth hormone in childhood would result in:
A. Dwarf
B. Giant
C. Death
D. Hyperactivity
E. Hypoactivity
23. Thyroid stimulating hormone is secreted by the:
A. Hypothalamus
B. Thalamus
C. Thyroid gland
D. Anterior pituitary
E. Posterior pituitary
24. Parathyroid hormone:
A. Increases blood calcium levels
B. Decreases blood calcium levels
C. Is also known as calcitonin
D. Is secreted by the thyroid gland
25. Oxygen in the blood is carried by:
A. Globin portion of hemoglobin
B. Heme of hemoglobin
C. Bilirubin
D. Leukocytes
E. Plasma
3

26. An increase in the number of erythrocytes is:
A. Anemia
B. Leukopenia
C. Polycythemia
D. Thalassemia
E. Intrinsic factor
27. The hormone that regulates red blood cell formation is:
A. Hematopoiesis
B. Prothrombin
C. Fibrinogen
D. Erythropoietin
E. Colony stimulating factor (CSF)
28. All blood cells originate from the:
A. Hemocytoblast
B. Leukocyte
C. Reticulocyte
D. Myeloblast
E. Lymphoblast
29. Which of the following is most likely to be phagocytic?
A. Neutrophil
B. Eosinophil
C. Basophil
D. Lymphocyte
30. Which of the following is not included as lymphatic tissue?
A. Tonsils
B. Thymus
C. Spleen
D. Liver
31. The primary function of a lymph node is:
A. Filtration of lymph
B. Return of fluid to the blood
C. Removal of damaged red blood cells
D. Maturation of T-cells
32. Lymph from the lower right side of the body enters the bloodstream from the:
A. Right lymphatic duct
B. Thoracic duct
C. Lymphatic capillaries
D. Right cervical duct
4

33. The movement of white blood cells through the endothelial cells and into tissues occurs by the process of:
A. Phagocytosis
B. Lymphatic vessel infiltration
C. Diapedesis
D. Margination
34. The antigens of type O blood are:
A. A
B. B
C. A and B
D. Neither A or B
35. An Rh mother would be most concerned about:
A. A second pregnancy following delivery of an Rh + baby
B. A first pregnancy
C. A second pregnancy following delivery of an Rh baby
D. An Rh mother should not be concerned
36. Recovery from an infectious disease normally results in:
A. Artificially acquired passive immunity
B. Artificially acquired active immunity
C. Naturally acquired passive immunity
D. Naturally acquired active immunity
37. Which of the following is a specific body defense?
A. Inflammatory response
B. Antibody production
C. Phagocytosis
D. Lysozyme
38. The alternate pathway to activation of complement utilizes:
A. C1
B. Antibody binding to antigen
C. Factor B,D,or P
D. Phagocytosis
39. These cells secrete antibodies:
A. Plasma cells
B. Memory cells
C. Monocytes
D. Macrophages
E. Hemocytoblasts
5

40. This substance is produced by virally infected cells and acts to protect neighboring cells:
A. Complement
B. Histamine
C. Interferon
D. Hapten
E. All of the above
41. The variable region of the antibody:
A. Binds to complement
B. Binds to antigen
C. Is monovalent
D. Is composed of one heavy chain
E. All of the above
42. Which class of antibodies indicates a past infection?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgM
D. IgE
E. IgD
43. Which class of antibodies is responsible for anaphylatic shock or immediate type allergic reactions?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgM
D. IgE
E. IgD
44. Which of the following converts fibrinogen to fibrin?
A. Prothrombin
B. Factor VIII
C. Thrombin
D. Complement
E. Factor X
45. Lymphocytes mature and are converted to T-lymphocytes in the:
A. Thyroid
B. Red bone marrow
C. Lymph nodes
D. Thymus
E. Tonsils
46. Histamine is released:
A. During formation of B-cells
B. To initiate the inflammatory response
C. As a chemotaxic agent in phagocytosis
D. To vasoconstrict arteries in hemostasis
E. All of the above
6

47. The movement of lymph is due to:
A. Muscle action
B. Dilation of lymph vessels
C. Pressure from the pumping of the heart
D. Edema
48. Granulocytes do not include:
A. Neutrophils
B. Eosinophils
C. Monocytes
D. Basophils
E. All are granulocytes
49. T-lymphocytes provide:
A. Antibodies
B. Cell-mediated immunity
C. IgE
D. Phagocytosis
50. Blood proteins play an important part in:
A. Blood clotting
B. Osmotic pressure
C. Transport of substances that bind to the molecules
D. Immunity
E. All of the above
7

Biology 211 Sample Exam 1 Answers
Match the following glands with the hormone they produce.
1. Pineal - AB A. Thyroxine
2. Pancreas (beta cells) - D
3. Thyroid - A
4. Adrenal cortex - B
5. Anterior pituitary - E
B. Cortisol
C. Glucagon
D. Insulin
E. Growth hormone
6. Pancreas (alpha cells) - C AB. Melatonin
7. Which of the following hormones does not have a releasing factor to regulate its release?
A. GH
B. Oxytocin
C. ACTH
D. FSH
E. TSH
8. The function of thyroxin is to:
A. Increase blood calcium
B. Decrease blood glucose
C. Increase blood glucose
D. Increase basal metabolic rate
E. Decrease basal metabolic rate
9. The hormones of the anterior pituitary gland include all except:
A. GH
B. ADH
C. LH
D. ACTH
10. Which part of the brain is most closely associated with the function of the endocrine system?
A. Thalamus
B. Hypothalamus
C. Cerebral cortex
D. Medulla oblongata
E. Cerebellum
11. Which of the following conditions might result in high blood glucose levels?
A. Hyposecretion of insulin
B. Hypersecretion of insulin
C. Hyposecretion of glucagons
D. Hypersecretion of glucagon
E. Both A and D
AB. Both B and C
8

12. Which of the following pituitary hormones helps maintain fluid balance?
A. Oxytocin
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Aldosterone
D. Growth hormone
E. FSH
13. Receptors for hormones like the steroid hormones would be found in the:
A. Plasma membrane
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
E. Cytoplasm
14. This element is necessary for the formation of thyroxine:
A. Iron
B. Calcium
C. Protein
D. Iodine
15. Cortisol is released from the:
A. Adrenal cortex
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Anterior pituitary
D. Posterior pituitary
E. Pancreas
16. Mineralocorticoids are produced in the:
A. Zona fasculata
B. Zona glomerulosa
C. Zona reticularis
D. Thalamus
E. Hypothalamus
17. Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone produced by the:
A. Posterior pituitary
B. Hypothalamus
C. Uterus
D. Anterior pituitary
E. Mammary glands
18. Most blood hormone levels are regulated by:
A. Positive feedback mechanisms
B. Negative feedback mechanisms
C. Chemoreceptors
D. Gonadotropins
E. Tropic hormones
9

19. A hormone binds to a receptor on the plasma membrane of a cell. The receptor is on the __ .
A. Endocrine gland
B. Target cell
C. Second messenger
D. Hormone
E. Half-life
20. The intracellular series of events that occur after the hormone binds to its receptor on the plasma membrane and lead to a response are mediated by a ____.
A. Endocrine gland
B. Target cell
C. Second messenger
D. Hormone
E. Half-life
21. Substances in the blood are referred to as:
A. Hormonal factors
B. Neural factors
C. Humoral factors
D. Circulatory factors
22. Hyposecretion of growth hormone in childhood would result in:
A. Dwarfism
B. Gigantism
C. Death
D. Hyperactivity
E. Hypoactivity
23. Thyroid stimulating hormone is secreted by the:
A. Hypothalamus
B. Thalamus
C. Thyroid gland
D. Anterior pituitary
E. Posterior pituitary
24. Parathyroid hormone:
A. Increases blood calcium levels
B. Decreases blood calcium levels
C. Is also known as calcitonin
D. Is secreted by the thyroid gland
25. Oxygen in the blood is carried by:
A. Globin portion of hemoglobin
B. Heme of hemoglobin
C. Bilirubin
D. Leukocytes
E. Plasma
10

26. An increase in the number of erythrocytes is:
A. Anemia
B. Leukopenia
C. Polycythemia
D. Thalassemia
E. Intrinsic factor
27. The hormone that regulates red blood cell formation is:
A. Hematopoiesis
B. Prothrombin
C. Fibrinogen
D. Erythropoietin
E. Colony stimulating factor (CSF)
28. All blood cells originate from the:
A. Hemocytoblast
B. Leukocyte
C. Reticulocyte
D. Myeloblast
E. Lymphoblast
29. Which of the following is most likely to be phagocytic?
A. Neutrophil
B. Eosinophil
C. Basophil
D. Lymphocyte
30. Which of the following is not included as lymphatic tissue?
A. Tonsils
B. Thymus
C. Spleen
D. Liver
31. The primary function of a lymph node is:
A. Filtration of lymph
B. Return of fluid to the blood
C. Removal of damaged red blood cells
D. Maturation of T-cells
32. Lymph from the lower right side of the body enters the bloodstream from the:
A. Right lymphatic duct
B. Thoracic duct
C. Lymphatic capillaries
D. Right cervical duct
11

33. The movement of white blood cells through the endothelial cells and into tissues occurs by the process of:
A. Phagocytosis
B. Lymphatic vessel infiltration
C. Diapedesis
D. Margination
34. The antigens of type O blood are:
A. A
B. B
C. A and B
D. Neither A or B
35. An Rh mother would be most concerned about:
A. A second pregnancy following delivery of an Rh + baby
B. A first pregnancy
C. A second pregnancy following delivery of an Rh baby
D. An Rh mother should not be concerned
36. Recovery from an infectious disease normally results in:
A. Artificially acquired passive immunity
B. Artificially acquired active immunity
C. Naturally acquired passive immunity
D. Naturally acquired active immunity
37. Which of the following is a specific body defense?
A. Inflammatory response
B. Antibody production
C. Phagocytosis
D. Lysozyme
38. The alternate pathway to activation of complement utilizes:
A. C1
B. Antibody binding to antigen
C. Factor B,D,or P
D. Phagocytosis
39. These cells secrete antibodies:
A. Plasma cells
B. Memory cells
C. Monocytes
D. Macrophages
E. Hemocytoblasts
12

40. This substance is produced by virally infected cells and acts to protect neighboring cells:
A. Complement
B. Histamine
C. Interferon
D. Hapten
E. All of the above
41. The variable region of the antibody:
A. Binds to complement
B. Binds to antigen
C. Is monovalent
D. Is composed of one heavy chain
E. All of the above
42. Which class of antibodies indicates a past infection?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgM
D. IgE
E. IgD
43. Which class of antibodies is responsible for anaphylatic shock or immediate type allergic reactions?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgM
D. IgE
E. IgD
44. Which of the following converts fibrinogen to fibrin?
A. Prothrombin
B. Factor VIII
C. Thrombin
D. Complement
E. Factor X
45. Lymphocytes mature and are converted to T-lymphocytes in the:
A. Thyroid
B. Red bone marrow
C. Lymph nodes
D. Thymus
E. Tonsils
46. Histamine is released:
A. During formation of B-cells
B. To initiate the inflammatory response
C. As a chemotaxic agent in phagocytosis
D. To vasoconstrict arteries in hemostasis
E. All of the above
13

47. The movement of lymph is due to:
A. Muscle action
B. Dilation of lymph vessels
C. Pressure from the pumping of the heart
D. Edema
48. Granulocytes do not include:
A. Neutrophils
B. Eosinophils
C. Monocytes
D. Basophils
E. All are granulocytes
49. T-lymphocytes provide:
A. Antibodies
B. Cell-mediated immunity
C. IgE
D. Phagocytosis
50. Blood proteins play an important part in:
A. Blood clotting
B. Osmotic pressure
C. Transport of substances that bind to the molecules
D. Immunity
E. All of the above
14