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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
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The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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3
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down
material at the Earth’s surface
Gypsum, weathered by solution in rain water
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down
material at the Earth’s surface
Clints and grykes – carbonation-solution
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5
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down
material at the Earth’s surface
Chemical action causes “spalling”
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6
The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Erosion
A sandstone bump creates a blind summit
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8
The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom
9
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
The bed of a shallow stream.
Which way is the current flowing?
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10
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Deposition
– investigating
the movement of
sand in water
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Fossil Ripple Marks
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The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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Principle of Superposition
12_04c.jpg
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Principle of Original Horizontality
12_04e.jpg
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The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Cross-bedded sandstones in the Orkneys
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The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Metamorphism - detecting the distortion
A trilobite - as it
lived (and died)
A trilobite as found in the metamorphic slates of North Wales
(photograph and drawing)
• By how much has the trilobite been distorted? - 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5?
• By how much have the surrounding rocks been distorted?
• By how much has North Wales been distorted?
• What might be big enough to cause this scale of distortion?
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22
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Deformation –
Break thrust, Lizard
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Deformation –
Normal fault,
Orgreave opencast site
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The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
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26
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Crystallisation
(and melting)
- Salol
Salol cooled slowly on a warm slide
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
Crystallisation
(and melting)
- Salol
Salol cooled slowly on a cold slide
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28
The Dynamic Rock Cycle
‘Lava’ in the laboratory: the treacle investigation
• Which volcano was formed by runny lava?
• Which volcano was formed by slow-flowing lava?
• Which sort of eruption would you like to watch?
From: ESTA, Science of the Earth 11
- 14, Magma - introducing igneous
processes. Sheffield: Geo Supplies
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The Dynamic Rock Cycle
© The Earth Science Education Unit
Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom
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The Dynamic
Rock Cycle
© The Earth Science Education Unit
Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom