ISLAM: Basic Principles and
Characteristics
Rameeza Aslam
Islam And Human Life
• Islam a religion of truth , code of conduct of life
• Human development requires:
• Material needs
• Knowledge of the principles
ALLAH Said: “say, we believe in God, and the revelation
given to us ,and to Abraham ,Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and
the tribes. we believe in the revelation that was sent to
Moses , Jesus and all other prophets from their lord. We
make no distinction between them ,and unto HIM we
surrender.”
Ideology
• “Ideology is one variant form of those
comprehensive patterns of cognitive and
moral beliefs about man, society and the
universe in relation to man and society,
which flourish in human societies”.
(International encyclopedia of Social Science)
• An ideology is a body of ideas which
reflects the beliefs and values of a nation
and its political system”
CHARACTERISTICS OF ISLAMIC
IDEOLOGY
1. RABBANIYYAH
Derived from the word “Rabb” (Lord).
a. The Godliness of Objectives and Goals
It indicates that the ultimate goal of Islam is to
attain Allah’s love
-The realization of the aim of human existence
-Guidance to man ‘s fitra nature)
-Peace of Mind
-Freedom from slavery to one’s own selfishness
and desires
b. The Divine Origin of Source and Method
-The Prophet’s position in this Divine Message
-Islam is purely Divine Message
(Faith,Worships,Morality,Laws)
2. HUMANITY
-It is a religion of man.
-The Qur’an is the Book of Man.
-Muhammad (pbuh)…the Human Prophet
-Huqooq ul Ibad, The human side in the
message of Muhammad (brotherhood,equality,freedom)
3. COMPREHENSIVENESS
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A message for all times
A message for the whole world
A message for man in all the phases of his life
The comprehensiveness of Islamic teachings
The comprehensiveness of the Islamic faith
The comprehensiveness of Islamic moral code
4. MODERATION IN ISLAM (balance)
5. COMBINATION OF STABILITY & FLEXIBILITY
• Simplicity ,rationalism and practicalism.
• Unity of matter and spirit.
• A complete way of life
• Balanced individuals and society
• Permanence and change
• Complete record of teachings preserved
The Existence of Allah
• Allah is not the God of only one clan,
one nation or one certain province. He
is rather “Lord of the Worlds” (1:2) “Lord
of the heavens and the earth
(18:14),”Lord of the east and the west
and of what is between them” (26:28)
“How can I seek a lord other than GOD?
While He is in the Lord of all things?”
(6:164)
“And your God is One God, there is no god but
He, the Most Gracious, the Merciful.” (2:163)
The Perfection and Infallibility of Allah
“He is Allah, (the) One.He begets not, nor was
He begotten; and there is none comparable to
Him.”(112:304)
kalima
• “There is no God except Allah;
Muhammad is the messenger of Allah”
• Tauheed
• Prophet-hood
• Tauheed shapes and regulates the entire
course of a Muslim's life.
Al- Ikhlas
– The Sincerity,
Oneness Of Allah
• Say: He is Allah, the One
and Only;
• Allah, the Eternal,
Absolute;
• He begetteth not, nor is He
begotten;
• And there is none like unto
Him.
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Al-Fatihah
In the name of Allah Most Compassionate, Most Merciful
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All praises are due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.
The Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful.
Master of the Day of Judgement.
You alone do we worship and You alone do we seek help from.
Guide us to the straight path.
The path of those on whom You have bestowed Your blessings,
not of those who have incurred Your wrath nor those who are
astray.
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shahadat
Allah is the supreme being
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The creator
The controller
The regulator
The Sustainer
The master of universe
The highest authority
Worthy of worship
Effects of Doctrine of Tauhid on
Human Life:
• The idea strengthens the concept of
freedom of mankind.
• Creates the sense of Dignity of mankind
• Creates Confidence by having a
staunch believe in God Almighty.
• Leads to purification of our souls.
• Belief in Allah gives solace and peace
to mind
• Self Contentment
SHIRK
Associating partners with God is shirk (Polytheism)
“Then do not set up rivals unto Allaah (in worship) while you know
(that He Alone has the right to be worshipped)”
[al-Baqarah 2:222]
• The belief that Allah is not sovereign, independent and sole
dispenser of affairs of the world.
“And they set up rivals to Allaah, to mislead (men) from His path!
Say: ‘Enjoy (your brief life)! But certainly, your destination is the
(Hell) Fire!’” [Ibraaheem 14:30]
Types of Shirk
• Shirk-e akbar
-Shirk-e-Rububiyah (Lordship)
-Shirk-e-Asma was siffat (Attributes)
-Shirk-e-Al ibadah (Worships)
• Shirk-e-Asghar (Hidden/Secret Shirk)
The Holy Prophet said
"One who offers the ritual prayers in an ostentatious way is a poly
theist. One who keeps the fast, or gives charity, or performs the
Hajj to show the public his righteousness or to earn good name
is a polytheist"
Prophet Hood
• The commonest term of Prophet is Nubuwah.
• In Arabic there are two meanings of Prophet
– Elevate
– Announce
– The Quran uses the term generically for (Nabi or
Anbiya) Persons by God to communicate a divinely
given message to humanity and the unseen.
– Another term is Rasul, derived from Arabic word
means “ Send”
Finality of Prophet Muhammad
(P.B.U.H)
• Surah Al-Ahzab : 40
“Muhammad is not the father of any of your
men, but (He is) the apostle of Allah, And the
Seal of the prophets: And Allah has full
knowledge of all the things.”
• All prophets strove to build man`s relation to
God
• They were the representatives of God
• Belief in Prophets involves and inculcates the
acceptance of Shariah (Code of Behavior)
• “Every Messenger who was sent by Us was sent for
the purpose that he should be obeyed under the
sanction of Allah” Al – Quran Ch#4 verse # 69
• Thus Belief in Kalima means commitment to obey
them and to fashion individual and collective life in the
light of Law and guidelines provided by them.(Shariah)
• And those who do not make their decisions in
accordance with that revealed by Allah, they in fact
are the disbelievers. Al – Quran : Ch # 5, verse # 44.
Then Belief in the Hereafter
• “And God is the One Who originates
creation, and afterwards He will make it
return, it is easy for Him. His are the Most
Exalted attributes, in the heaven and the
earth, and He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.”
(30:27)