The Chemistry of Life
Chapter 6
Basics of Chemistry
• The cell is a complex chemical
factory.
• It is made of atoms, elements,
compounds, and molecules.
Do Now!
Answer questions 1-2 on page
85 in UPCO.
The Atom
• Living and non-living things are made
up of atoms.
• The center core of the atom is the
nucleus.
• The nucleus is made up of particles
called protons (+ charge), and
neutrons (neutral charge).
• Electrons (- charged) revolve around
the nucleus.
• Electrons move in different levels called
shells, or orbits.
• # electrons = # protons.
Do Now!
Answer questions 1-4 on pages
85, 86 in UPCO.
Elements
• An element is a substance
made up of only one kind of
atom.
• There are over 110 elements
(92 occur naturally- the others
are man made).
• Elements can’t be broken
down.
• Each element is represented by
a symbol (one/ or two letters).
Do Now!
Answer questions 1-5 on page
86 in UPCO.
Compounds
• Compounds are formed when
two or more elements are
chemically combined.
• Elements combine to form
compounds by a process called
chemical bonding.
• Bonds occur by the sharing
(covalent) or transferring
(ionic) of electrons between
atoms.
Do Now!
Answer questions 1-3 on page
87 in UPCO.
Molecules
• It is the smallest part of an
element or compound.
• It is capable of independent
motion.
• It is made up of definite
numbers and kinds of atoms
bonded together.
Do Now!
Answer questions 1+2
on page 88 in UPCO.
Ions
• An ion is an atom that has
lost or gained electrons.
• The atom has become
electronically charged.
• Chemical bonds formed by
losing or gaining electrons
are called ionic bonds.
Do Now!
Answer questions 1+2 in
the middle of page 88 in
UPCO.
Covalent Bonds
• These bonds are formed
when electrons are shared.
Do Now!
Answer question #1 at the
top of page 89 in UPCO.
Chemical Formulas
• A chemical formula
represents the chemical
makeup of a compound.
• It shows the kinds, numbers,
and arrangements of atoms
(structural formula).
Do Now!
Answer questions 1-5 on page
89 in UPCO.
Equations
• Equations are used to describe
chemical reactions.
• The substances that start the
reaction are called the reactants
(left side of equation).
• The substances made by the
reaction are called the products
(right side of the equation).
Do Now!
• Answer questions 1-5 on
page 90 in UPCO.
Organic and Inorganic
Compounds
• Inorganic compounds do not
contain hydrogen and
carbon.
• Organic compounds do
contain both carbon and
hydrogen.
Do Now!
Answer questions 1-3 on the
bottom of page 90 in UPCO.
Let’s go to the Video!
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Video: One More Time!
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.