SUBSTANCE
SUBSTANCE
MATTER
SUBSTANCE
ELEMENT
COMPOUND
MIXTURE
HETEROGENEOUS
HOMOGENEOUS
Characteristics of matter that can be measured and observed
without changing the makeup of the substance.
Ability of a substance to undergo or resist a chemical change.
A change in which the appearance of matter changes but
its properties and makeup remain the same.
A change that produces one or more kinds of matter that are different from those
present before the change.
A law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
Physical and Chemical Changes
A. Physical change - the form or appearance of matter
changes, but composition stays the same.
1.Shape can change, but substance does not.
2. Dissolving a solid into a liquid is a physical change.
3. Changing states through vaporization, condensation,
sublimation, or deposition does not change the composition
of the matter.
B. Chemical change results in a change in the substance’s
composition.
1. Color can change as a chemical reaction occurs.
2. Energy may be gained or release during a chemical change.
3. Odor can change when a chemical change occurs.
4. A gas forming can indicate a chemical change.
5. A precipitate (a solid from a liquid) can indicate a chemical change.
5. Chemical changes are not easily reversed.
C. Chemical changes alter the composition of the substance, physical changes do no
alter the composition of substances.
1. Water freezes or evaporates-amount of matter
stays the same (physical change)
2. Wood burns-ashes, smoke, and gases still total
the same amount of matter (chemical change)
D. Law of Conservation of Mass- particles of matter are not created or destroyed as th
result of physical or chemical changes.
Physical changes include:
Wadding up a piece of paper.
Chopping a piece of wood in half with an ax.
Tearing a piece of cloth.
Cutting a hamburger with a knife.
Biting into an apple.
Flattening a lump of clay with your fist.
Hitting a baseball with a bat.
Sitting on a balloon and popping it.
Chemical changes include:
Digesting your dinner.
Removing grease with soap.
Cooking an egg in a hot pan.
Milk that has gone sour.
Lighting the wood you chopped in half with an ax.
Making cookie batter and baking it.
Exercising and using sugars and fats stored in your body.
Chemical vs. Physical Changes
In a physical change, the substances are not altered
chemically, but merely changed to another phase
(i.e. gas, liquid, solid) or separated or combined.
In a chemical change, the substances are altered
chemically and display different physical and
chemical properties after the change.
Chemical Changes….
Are changes that cause a NEW material to form.
The original material cannot easily be recovered.
There is a chemical reaction.
SIGNS OF A CHEMICAL REACTION:
Unexpected color change
Bubbling or fizzing (which means a gas is forming)
Light
Smoke
Temperature change
A precipitate may form when two liquids are mixed
An odor may occur
Physical Changes…..
Do not change the identity of the substance or material.
May cause the substance to look different after the change.
Examples:
Breaking something into pieces
Changes of state (melting, boiling, condensing, sublimating)
Dissolving one substance in another
Heating without burning
You can usually get the original material back through easy methods such as
with separation or distillation.
Read the article on
physical and chemical
changes, complete
the questions.
pgs 73 - 76
article is also
online
Complete the worksheet on P-C changes.
Read, understand, highlight lab sheet for tomorrow.
STUDY FOR NEXT Tuesday'S TEST!
when pulled
D
C
A
B
Identify 1 - 5 and A-D. Tell what the plateaus mean.
D
C
A
B
1. Solid
2. Solid to liquid
3. Liquid
4. LIquid to Gas
5. Gas
A. Freezing
B. Melting
C.Condensation
D. Evaporation
Physical - Chemical Change Lab
Students will complete six different experiments and make
observations for each experiment.
Read the procedure carefully, and make sure you know
what to do before you begin each experiment. Watch
carefully, and make careful observations.
Data table needs to be filled out completely, and
questions answered.
1. This is a demonstration. Pay attention and fill out the table.
2. Place a 50ml beaker on your balance and find its mass. Add 0.5 g to that mass by moving
the slider. Add colored Powder A to your beaker until it balances again. Add 30ml of water and
stir.
3. Carefully, pass a piece of COPPER over a lit burner until a change is observed. Hold the
copper with forceps. You will not need your burner after this experiment, so carefully put the
flame out and cap it.
4. Put 20 drops of HCl (hydrochloric acid) into a small test tube.
Observe changes during and after to the zinc.
Add a pinch of zinc metal.
5. Put copper sulfate solution into a small test tube until it is half full. Add a small piece of fine
steel wool, and let it sit for 3 minutes. Check carefully for a temperature change by touching
the outside of the tube. Tap out the solid onto a paper towel and observe it for changes.
6. Put 20 drops of solution A into a small test tube. Add 20 drops of solution B. Observe
changes after 5 minutes.
7. Put 10 drops of solution C into a small test tube. Add 10 drops of solution D. Observe
changes for 1 minute.
What are the signs of a chemical change?
Chemical change results in a change in the substance’s
composition.
1. Color can change as a chemical reaction occurs.
2. Energy may be gained or release during a chemical change.
3. Odor can change when a chemical change occurs.
4. A gas or a precipitate can indicate a chemical change.
5. Chemical changes are not easily reversed.
procedure
1 Iodine crystals
over heat
2 .5 g powder A
in 30 mL of H2O
3
4
5
6
7
observation
before
observation
during and
after change
physical/chem
change?
QUESTIONS:
List three physical properties of many solids. ______________
_____________ _____________
2. Name a physical property of liquids.
__________________________
3. What are some “signals” that a chemical change is occurring?
4. What kind of change is happening when ice melts?
_________________________
5. When a candle is burning, name both a physical change and a chemical
change.
EXPERIMENT
2
EXPERIMENT
3
EXPERIMENT
4
EXPERIMENT
2
5
EXPERIMENT
6
EXPERIMENT
7
Physical and Chem Changes Video.docx
Matter_and_Its_Properties__Changes_in_Matter.asf
_____1)
physical change
_____2)
boiling point
_____3) homogeneous mixture
_____4)
malleable
_____5)
adhesion
_____6)
brittle
_____7)
viscosity
_____8)
tensile strength
_____9)
water
_____10)melting point
_____11)heterogeneous mixture
_____12)density
_____13)chemical change
_____14) cohesion
_____1)
physical change
_____2)
boiling point
_____3) homogeneous mixture
_____4)
malleable
_____5)
adhesion
_____6)
brittle
_____7)
viscosity
_____8)
tensile strength
_____9)
water
_____10)melting point
_____11)heterogeneous mixture
_____12)density
_____13)chemical change
_____14) cohesion
Attachments
Physical and Chem Changes Video.docx
Matter_and_Its_Properties__Changes_in_Matter.asf