How did Bohr’s atomic model improve on previously
proposed models?
2. Draw the Bohr model for the ion magnesium would form
after satisfying the octet rule.
3. What differentiates covalent and ionic bonds?
1.
End
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Help Astor do big thangs w/ Gen Chem
Get that book!
Activities Checklist:
 Finish practice
 Prepare for stations and exam
 Evaluate Gen Chem work
 Finish Reading
 Finish Naming Practice
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Elements combine in various ways to form
compounds. Chemists generally divide
compounds into two classes: ionic and
covalent.
Each class has a unique nomenclature system
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An ion is an atom that has lost or gained
electrons and therefore has a positive or
negative charge due to an imbalance of
protons and electrons.
A polyatomic ion is a group of atoms bonded
together as a single unit that carries a net
charge.
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Tells us everything!
Each element in the the same group should
share properties with other elements in its
group because….
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Which of the substances shown
below would YOU consider organic?
WHY?
IT’S CHEMISTRY!
• How are organic compounds involved in
combustion?
1.
2.
3.
http://www.shmoop.com/biomolecules/organic
-inorganic-molecules.html
http://chemistry.about.com/od/branchesofche
mistry/f/What-Is-The-Difference-BetweenOrganic-And-Inorganic.htm
http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/organic/c
ombustion.htm
Capsaicin - 8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide
Caffeine - 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
Theobromine - 3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione
1.
The names of elements that are anions are
formed by adding –ide to the end of the
name
 Cl- = Chloride ion
 Br- = Bromide ion
 O2- = Oxide ion
2. Polyatomic ions that contain oxygen have
names ending in either –ate or –ite
NO-3 = Nitrate
2
NO =Nitrite
SO42- = Sulfate
23
SO = Sulfite
-ate ending polyatomic
have more oxygens
than –ite ones!
2. Sometimes oxygen binds to the same ion
with increasing amount of oxygens. These come
in 4’s and the pattern is always:
 Per_____ate = 4 oxygens
 _______ate = 3 oxygens
 _______ite = 2 oxygens
 Hypo______ite = 1 oxygen
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Example:
 ClO4- = Perchlorate, ClO3- = Chlorate, ClO2- = Chlorite, ClO-
= Hypochlorite
3. Anions created by adding H+ to an anions that
has oxygen has the prefix of hydrogen or
dihydrogen based on the number of H+.
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To name ionic compounds, you always name
the cation and then the anion.
Examples
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Acids are named differently than other
compounds
Two rules when naming acids:
1. Acids containing anions that are only single elements
are named by changing the –ide prefix on the anion
to –ic and adding hydro in front of the anion. Add
acid at the end.
▪ E.g. HCl is hydrochloric acid
2. Acids containing polyatomic ions are named by
changing –ate to –ic and –ite to –ous on the anion
and then adding acid at the end
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The process for naming covalent
inorganic compounds requires the
following rules:
1. Name the first compound with a Greek prefix
to indicate the number of atoms.
2. Name the second compound adding –ide to
the end and a Greek prefix to indicate number
of atoms.
Greek Prefixes
Prefix
Meaning
Mono-
1
Di-
2
Tri-
3
Tetra-
4
Penta-
5
Hexa-
6
Hepta-
7
Octa-
8
Nona-
9
Deca-
10
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CaCl2
Ba(OH)2
SiBr4
Hydrobromic Acid
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HCl
K2SO4
Disulfur dichloride
Cobalt (II) Nitrate
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Na2CO3
CaO
Mg(ClO3)2
Lead (II) Hydroxide
Phosphoric Acid
H2SO4
S2F6
CO2
Diphosphorus trifluoride
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Complete the problem set independently or
with your table.
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Quantitative on Ch. 2 on Thursday/Friday
Answer to practice