Animal-like Protists and
Funguslike Protists
Before we begin…some review
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What does the term “eukaryotic” mean?
What does the term “heterotroph” mean?
What does the term “autotroph” mean?
What is the difference between “unicellular”
and “multicellular”?
What is a Protist?
• Diverse kingdom – sometimes called “junk
drawer kingdom”
• Are all eukaryotes
• All live in moist environments
• Mix of unicellular and multicellular
• Mix of autotrophs and heterotrophs
• Most have contractile vaculoes – pump water
out of the organism
Example Protists
The Amoeba
The Paramecium
Algae
Grouping Protists
• Protists are classified into three groups:
– Animal-like protists
– Funguslike protists
– Plant-like protists
Animal-like Protists
• Also called protozoans
• All heterotrophs
• All unicellular
• Divided into four groups
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Protozoans with Pseudopods
Protozoans with Cilia
Protozoans with Flagella
Others
Protozoans with Pseudopods
• These protists are called sarcodines.
• They all have pseudopds that allow them to
move and trap food.
– Pseudopod – “false foot”; temporary bulge of the
cell membrane that fills with cytoplasm
• Example – Our old friend, the amoeba
The Amoeba
Protozoans with Cilia
• These protists are called ciliates.
• They all have cilia that allow them to move,
obtain food, and sense the environment.
– Cilia – hairlike projections from a cell that move in
a wavelike pattern.
• Example – paramecium
Paramecium
Protozoans with Flagella
• These protists are called zooflagellates.
• They all have flagella that help them move.
– Flagella – long, whiplike tail
• Many live in symbiosis in other organisms.
– Symbiosis – interaction between two species
• Example - Giardia
Giardia
Other Protozoans
• These are called sporozoans.
• They are all parasites that feed on the cells
and body fluids of their hosts.
• Example – Plasmodium, causes malaria
Funguslike Protists
• Have cell walls
• Use spores to reproduce
• Are heterotrophs
• Three types:
– Water molds
– Downy mildews
– Slime molds
Water Molds and Downy Mildews
• Live in water and moist places
• Grow as tiny threads that look fuzzy
• Can also attack food crops
– Water mold destroyed potato crops in 1845-1846
and caused the Irish Potato Famine that killed
over a million people!
Water Molds and Downy Mildew
Water mold growing on a fish.
It is a parasite that will eventually kill the fish.
Downy mildew growing on lettuce.
Slime Molds
• Live in moist soil and on decaying plants and
trees
• Can form pseudopods and eat bacteria