CdS and CdTe thin
films for solar cells
Rashad Hajimammadov
Baku State University,
department of Physics
hajimammadov@hotmail.com
Energy sources
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1) Unrenewable energy sources :
Petroleum, gas, coal
2) Renewable energy sources :
Solar energy, wind energy, hydro- energy
and etc.
3) Nuclear energy with its advantage and
disadvantages
Using the sun to generate
electricity
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An increasingly popular use of solar
energy involves solar electric systems,
called photovoltaics
Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight
directly into electricity, and are
potentially one of the most useful of the
renewable energy technologies.
What is solar cell ?
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A structure that converts solar energy directly to DC
electric energy.
 It supplies a voltage and a current to a resistive
load (light, battery, motor).
It is like a battery because it supplies DC power.
It is not like a battery because the voltage supplied
by the cell changes with changes in the resistance of
the load.
Groups of solar cells can be packaged into
modules, panels and arrays to provide useful
output voltages and currents to provide a
specific power output.
House coated with solar panels
Using solar energy in satellite
Solar arrays in a field
Mobile solar module
Cost of solar cells and its efficiency
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The current best deals on solar cells is about 2.5 $4.30 per watt. For a 50 watt solar panel, your total
cost will be about $215
GaAs and related compounds(A3B5) multilayer
structure – 40 %
CIGS ~20 %
CdTe based solar cells – 16.5 %
Mono Si – 15 - 16 %
Amorphous Si – 12 %
polymer composite solar cells ~ 3 – 5 %
The aim of my research
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Deposition of CdS and CdTe thin films
Choosing a perfect deposition method for
improving cell characterization
CdS thin films
Deposition technique
Chemical components used in this method
AFM image of CdS film
CdTe thin films
Deposition technique
SEM image of CdTe film
Conventional polycrystalline CdTebased thin film solar cell
Solar cell characterization
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Voc=773mV, Jsc=23.92mA/cm2, fill factor FF =68.7%, a total
area conversion efficiency of 12.71%
Conclusion
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CdS and CdTe thin films were deposited.
The prepared solar cells exhibited 12.7 %
efficiency.
Some questions
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Are PV systems as efficient or economic as
fossil-fueled systems?
Is PV a viable alternative for all of our
power needs? For homes? For vehicles?
For other needs?
Is PV the answer to all of the world’s
power needs?
Publications
1. Naser M. Fathi, Rashad H. Hajimammadov, Ulvi R. Hasanov, Ayaz
I. Bayramov “Problems of Use of Alternative Energy Sources In
Turkmenistan, February 24,25 2010”
2. R. Hajimammadov, N.Fathi, M.Sadigov, E. Mirzoyev, A. Bayramov,
G. Khrypunov, N. Klochko “17th International Conference on
Ternary and Multinary Compounds, 27-30 September 2010,
Baku”
3. R. Hajimammadov, N.Fathi, M.Sadigov, E. Mirzoyev, A. Bayramov,
G. Khrypunov, N. Klochko “ Azerbaijan Journal of Physics”
december 2010.
4. R. Hajimammadov, R. Mehdiyev. “ Conference on Physics and
Astronomy” Baku, 20th May 2011
5. R. Hajimammadov, N.Fathi, M.Sadigov, E. Mirzoyev, A. Bayramov,
G. Khrypunov, N. Klochko, Tatyana Li “Effect of CdCl2 treatment
on CdTe based solar cells prepared by close space sublimation
and physical vapor deposition method ” Japan Journal of Physics,
to be published
Thanks for attention