RNA Tumor Viruses - The Rous Sarcoma Virus Story
Figure 3.2 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Retroviruses – The Very
Short Course
Reteroviruses – Basic Structure
Fields Virology by Knipe et al 2007
Retroviruses & Their Replication
Polyprotein
Figure 3.17 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
(+ Integrase & Protease)
All Employ Reverse Transcriptase
Retroviruses & Their Replication
Polyprotein
Figure 3.17 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
(+ Integrase & Protease)
Focus formation by an RNA Tumor Virus
Normal
PC
EM
Figure 3.7a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Infected
Figure 3.8 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 3.19 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 3.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 3.21 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 3.22 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 3.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Retroviral Insertion Has the Potential to Transform by Activation of Oncogenes
Figure 3.23b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 3.4 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
DNA TUMOR VIRUSES
Replication & Variety of DNA Viruses
General scheme for
Replication of ds DNA Viruses
SV40 Virion
Figure 3.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
HPV 16 Virion
Epstein-Barr Virus
A Herpes Virus
SV40 – A Small DNA Tumor Virus in
Permissive & nonPermissive Hosts
Hman Papilloma Virus (HPV)
(More than 75 types)
HPV 16 & 18 are most tumorigenic
Outline of mechanism of HPV
tumorigenisis
Progression from cervical SIL to invasive
cervical carcinoma typically takes many years.
Incidence of Cervical Cancer Worldwide
The Natural History of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer
Schiffman, M. et al. N Engl J Med 2005;353:2101-2104
Schiffman, M. et al. N Engl J Med 2005;353:2101-2104
The Promise of Global Cervical-Cancer Prevention
Mark Schiffman, M.D., M.P.H., and Philip E. Castle, Ph.D., M.P.H.
Cytologic screening has significantly reduced the rates of cervical cancer in many developed countries. However, cervical cancer remains a
leading form of cancer among women living in low-resource regions of the world (see map) and often kills women at young ages
The current standard of cervical-cancer prevention requires three clinical visits: one for screening, one for a colposcopically guided (i.e.,
magnified) biopsy for women with abnormal screening results, and one for treatment of precancerous conditions. Single cytologic
screenings are insensitive and do not provide sustained reassurance with regard to the risk of cancer. Program effectiveness is achieved by
repeated iterations of the three-visit cycle, but such repeated testing is usually unachievable in resource-limited regions. Fortunately, as
discussed by Goldie et al. in this issue of the Journal (pages 2158–2168), new practical options for cervical-cancer prevention are becoming
available.
Some Herpes viruses can cause cancer
EBV (Epstein Barr virus) : Burkitt’s Lymphoma; Nasopharangyel Cancer; some B
cell lymphomas (LMP 1, 2 and others). Crucial interaction of environment and
infection required for lymphoma induction.
HHV8/KSHV (human herpes virus 8) Kaposi’s Sarcoma (LANA -latency associated
nuclear antigen )
Hepatitis B Virus Induced Liver Cancer
HBV’s Extraordinary genome and
mode of replication
Knipe et al 2007