Pasteurelosis
The disease due to Pasteurella sp
By
Suryanie Sarudji, Drh., MKes
Pasteurella sp. that cause
the diseases are :
• Pasteurella multocyda type A
• Pasteurella multocyda type B
• Pasteurella haemolytica
• Pasteurella multocyda type A cause
the disease of Fowl Cholera in chicken
(poultry)
• Pasteurella multocyda type B cause
Septicemia epizootica or Hemorrhagic
septicemia in ruminant
• Pasteurella haemolytica cause
Pneumonia Pasteurellosis in Cattle
Fowl Cholera
• Synonyms : Avian Cholera;
Avian Pasteurellosis;
Avian Hemorrhagic septicemia;
Kolera Unggas (INA)
• PREDISPOSITION
sporadic; Closely related with stress
factor caused by change of weather,
instability (fluctuation) of temp, humidity,
move to new cage, debeaking (cut beak),
alteration of food suddenly
Stress is also caused by exhaustion,
over crowding, transport in long time
with lack of drink, opened cage which
wind continuously blow over the cage =
coldness /be caught in the rain,
infection from influenza or para
influenza 3
• Transmission:
• - Attack many kinds of poultry as like as :
Fowl, Turkey, Duck, Goose, wild bird,
water fowl. Turkey are more sensitive
than each others.
• Transmission occur through
- Oral
- Inhalation
Transmission :
Indirect contact:
Through food/drink, tools/materials
which were contaminated by the agents,
animals transmitted and wind
Direct Contact
Through discharges and feces
Type and Symptom of disease :
The type of disease are per acute, acute,
sub acute and Chronic
Attack the chickens of 4 months more
Per acute :
Suddenly dead with no signs. The death
occurred gradually 1- 2 animals daily
(depend on the amount of animals in flock)
Acute :
signed by swollen at the lowest part of
trachea – at area of larynx and pharynx
and wattle, diarrhea with green feces
mixed with mucus, discharges from beak,
straight up the neck when breathed,
snore, conjunctivitis, paralyzed.
A few hours before animal death, comb
and skin at the face and also wattle
become purple to bluish.
Chronis :
Swollen and abscess of 1 or both
wattles, swollen at joint of foot,
wings and foot sole. Disturbance in
coordination at head as like as
torticolis in ND but the head fall
down.
Post mortem:
Hemorrhagic in form of petichae, ekimose
at visceral organs, mainly : heart, liver,
lungs, peritoneum, mucosa of ventriculus
& proventriculus
Liver become enlargement , the color of
liver is pale, multi focal necrosis are found
at the surface of liver.
At the liver are also found the stripes
with yellow and pale in color,
occasionally are found many spots of
hemorrhagic and the necrosis with
color of gray and yellow.
Colonization bacteria in ear can elicit
inflammation and exudates. The
inflammation develop and reach to
brain.
Petechiae in the heart of goose
(pasteurellosis, erysipelas, asphyxia)
Necrotic foci in the liver goose
(pasteurellosis, erysipelas)
Green feces in Fowl Cholera, nonspecific sign. Many
disease in fowl reveal defecating with green feces
Hemorrhagic and pericarditis in heart; enlargement and perihepatitis of
liver and foci necrosis are found in liver; congestion , necrotic and
hemorrhagic in lung; irregular follicle ; exudates casious in bursa
Diagnosis :
- Clinic symptom
- Post mortem
- Lab : Bacteriologic : Isolate bacteria
from : lungs, blood, heart, lever, ear
swab, discharges from mouth
and nose
Media : TSA, BA: small colonies,
non hemolytic,
translucent
Microscope : Rod, coccoid bipolar, Gr –
Biochemist : TSIA: acid/acid, gas H2S –
Indole +, urease -
Treatment:
Therapy : antibiotics
Prevention : Avoid dogs, cats, goats to be/
to stay in area of breeding.
Chase the wild bird from the
area
Vaccinate animals at age of 13
weeks (less effective)
Pneumonia Pasteurellosis in Cattle
• Usually occur in growing up Cattle especially
at age of 6 months to 2 years old, but the
adult and young cattle can suffer from
disease
• Morbidity 35 %, Mortality 5-10%, a part of
population are dead without signs
• Occur when animals suffer from stress.
Usually occur after 10 -14 days in stress due
to transportation
• Unusual occur in cow raised for its milk
• Transmission through inhalation from droplet
• The early symptom is a part of population
dead suddenly and than followed by out
break come immediately.
• The first sign is slight cough, and then
develop to heavy and frequent
especially when animal want to walk
• In few day abdomen become empty due
to anorexia
• Mucopurulent discharges excrete from
nose
• Anorexia but always continuously want
to drink
• Temp among 40 – 41o C
SEPTICEMIA EPIZOOTICA (SE)
(Ngorok, Septicemia Hemorrhagic, Barbone)
• :
Contagious :
goat
buffalo
cattle swine
sheep
• Morbidity, Mortality : High
• Edema
• Last stadium : snore (in the nigh)
• ETIOLOGY
• Pasteurella multocida B :
• Gram -, Bipolar, Coccobacillus, encapsulate
EPIZOOTIOLOGY
Wide distributed in Indonesia
TRANSMISSION :
Direct contact
Oral : saliva, urine and feces
• COMMENCIAL NASOPHARYNX
• Get sick, transmit
condition
Tissue
bacteria:
encapsulate
(hyaluronic acid)
• Tracheatis,
Trachea, lung (pneumonia)
• Pleura filled
by fluid
Pharynx
intestine
Larynx
hemorrhagic diarrhea
Intestine
Diarrhea
blood vessel
Dehydration Odem
Plasma out
damage
endothelial
Viscosity
Tachycardia
Shock
dead
Bacteria lysis
Endotoksin
Thermal Regulator
Temp
OEDEM: DEPRESS IPIGLOTIS
•
•
•
•
SNORE
CLINICAL FINDINGS
Edema, Hemorrhagic diarrhea, Snore, Shock
There are 3 forms: Edema, Pectoral, Intestinal
Edema : Head, Trachea, neck, glambir, extremities
anterior, anus, genitals
rapidly dead
(90%)(3 day-1 week),before dead
snore, shivered, groan.
• Pectoral : Bronchopneumonia, pain in breath. The
breathing are gasped, frequent, deep.
Slime from nose rise in 1 - 3 weeks.
Develop to chronic : the animals be come
thin and caught
• Pectoral : Bronchopneumonia, pain in
breath. The breathing are
gasped, frequent, deep.
Slime from nose rise in 1 - 3
weeks. Develop to chronic :
the animals be come thin and
caught
• Intestinal : severe diarrhea with
hemorrhagic, dehydration,
frequent in breath and then
shock
POST MORTEM
• OEDEMA : Gelatin Edema , Bleeding in sub cutan
at neck, head, underneath of chest,
abdomen, pharynx, epiglottis.
Tongue are Enlargement with red to
brown or blue in colour
Stomach cavity: filled by yellow or
red fluid. Hemorrhagic inflammation
found in abomasum and intestine
Pectoral : fibrin inflammation, and a part
of lung are red to grey or
yellow in color, when it is
sliced will be found a part of
striped, necrotic and normal
Intestinal : Gastroenteritis catarrhal to
hemorrhagic
• DIAGNOSIS:
• Clinic : Snore, Edema, hemorrhagic
diarrhea
• Phatologic : Post mortem
• Bacteriologic :
1. Swab from Edema and from blood in
heart
2. Pippete pasteur that contain fluid of
edema and or blood from heart.
Examine: a. Microskopic
b. Isolation and Identification
c. Biologic test
Ttreatments
• Therapy
• Prevention
• Administration
1. THERAPY
• Serotherapy with antiserum homolog
intra vena. It’d better if antiserums
are combined with antibiotics or
chemotherapy
• Antibiotics or chemotherapy only
2. PREVENTION
• Free zone, closely control in and out of
animals. In suspected zone, Healthy animals
are vaccinated with oil adjuvant at less once
a year. Vaccination is carried out when
incident not occurred
• Suspected animals
– Inject with antiserum with dose of
prevented
– Inject with antibiotic
– Inject with Chemotherapy
– Inject simultaneously antiserum and
antibiotic or antiserum and chemotherapy
= Healthy animals are vaccinated
3. ADMINISTRATIVE
• Report to Livestock service about incident
of disease and the treatments have been
done.
• Consider to propose to the head of district
to close their territory from the traffic
of animals
• Confirm diagnosis with bacteriologic test
at legal lab.