Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. How frequently do you engage in the following behaviors? SCORING: 1 = never 2 = occasionally 3 = most of the time 4 = all of the time 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. I exercise and eat well. I make time in my schedule to do the things that I really enjoy. I ask for support from family and friends when I feel too much stress. I have an optimistic view of changes in my life. I do the most important projects I want to accomplish first. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Point Ranges: 16 or more points: You are doing an excellent job of managing stress. 7 - 15 points: You are doing well overall but have areas in which you could improve how you manage stress. 6 points or less: You should be making some major changes in the ways in which you manage stress, or you may develop a stress-related illness. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Life changes can lead to stress… (Lifetime Health, page 79) ACTIVITY: To measure how much your life has changed, add up the life change units on the following slide. Only count changes that you experienced within the past year… Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Your Life Change Score: < 100 your life has changed little 100 – 200 you have experienced moderate change > 200 your life has changed significantly Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss Contents • Section 1 Stress and Your Health • Section 2 Dealing with Stress • Section 3 Coping with Loss • Section 4 Preventing Suicide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss Section 1 Stress and Your Health Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 1 Stress and Your Health Bellringer Identify 3 situations that cause you stress on a daily basis… Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 1 Stress and Your Health What Causes Stress??? A. Environmental stressors = conditions / events in your physical environment that cause you stress…(ex: smog, noise, etc) B. Biological stressors = conditions that make it difficult for your body to take part in daily activities…(ex: illness, etc) Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 1 Stress and Your Health What Causes Stress??? C. Thinking stressors = any type of mental challenge D. Behavioral stressors = unhealthy behaviors that cause stress E. Life change stressors = major life changes—negative OR positive—that lead to stress Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 1 Stress and Your Health Physical Response to Stress: Fight-or-flight response: your body releases adrenaline (epinephrine), which triggers the following changes: • • • • • • Breathing speeds up Heartbeat increases Muscles tense up Pupils dilate Digestions stops Blood sugar increases Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 1 Stress and Your Health Emotional and Behavioral Response to Stress: Positive Stress (EUSTRESS) = Energizes you and helps you reach a goal Negative Stress (DISTRESS) = Makes you sick or keeps you from reaching a goal When you are experiencing stress, try to adjust your attitude and make the stress POSITIVE. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 1 Stress and Your Health Long-term Stress Can Make You Sick: The general adaptation syndrome describes 3 stages in the relationship between stress and disease…. 1. Alarm Stage (body and mind become very alert in response to stressors) 2. Resistance Stage (body tries to defend itself against stress, to resist disease and injury) 3. Exhaustion Stage (body unable to overcome stress…exhaustion sets in…organs and body systems may suffer or fail, and injury or illness may occur) Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss Section 2 Dealing with Stress Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 2 Dealing with Stress Take Care of Yourself: • Staying physically healthy can help you avoid stressrelated illness. • Some of the same things you can do for your physical health also relieve stress. • Exercise regularly • Get enough rest • Eat right Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 2 Dealing with Stress Learn to Relax: • Deep breathing brings more oxygen to all parts of your body, and has a calming effect. • Tension-releasing exercises help relieve tension in your muscles. Progressive Muscle Relaxation Activity Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 2 Dealing with Stress Build Resiliency: Resiliency is the ability to recover from illness, hardship, and other stressors. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 2 Dealing with Stress Change Your Attitude: • Having a positive attitude can help relieve stress • Use positive self-talk • Be confident • Try not to worry about things that are out of your control (ex: CIRCLE OF CONTROL) Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 2 Dealing with Stress Time Management: • List and prioritize your projects. • Know and set your limits (don’t take on too many projects at the same time) • Make a schedule (ie, using your student agenda spiral, planner, etc) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Enter your priorities first. Be realistic. Allow extra time for unforeseen problems. Make time to relax. ACT!!! Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss Section 3 Coping with Loss Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 3 Coping with Loss Effects of Loss: • can cause a wide range of intense emotions (sadness, anger, numbness, etc) • can cause physical and emotional stress • These feelings are NORMAL and help you COPE • If the feelings don’t pass in time, you should seek help from a parent or trusted adult. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 3 Coping with Loss The Grieving Process: GRIEVE: to express deep sadness because of a loss. • The grieving process can be divided into five stages. • Not everyone experiences every stage, or in the same order. • If you feel stuck in a stage, ask for help. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 3 Coping with Loss The Grieving Process has 5 stages… Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 3 Coping with Loss Memorial Services, Wakes and Funerals: • Ceremonies that take place after a death help friends and family to get through the grieving process. Memorial service: a public ceremony to honor and remember the deceased. Wake: a time for family and friends to view the deceased, before a funeral. Funeral: a ceremony in which a deceased person is buried or cremated. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 3 Coping with Loss Getting Help for Dealing with a Loss: To help YOURSELF as you cope with a loss: Get plenty of rest Stick to normal routines Share memories with others Express your feelings Do not blame yourself or others To help SOMEONE ELSE cope with a loss: Show your support through simple actions Let the person know you are there for him or her Allow the person to share thoughts and feelings Express your faith in the person’s ability to cope Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss Section 4 Preventing Suicide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 4 Preventing Suicide Facts About Suicide: • People who have attempted suicide often asked for help in an indirect way. • Drug and alcohol use can put people at risk of acting on suicidal thoughts because judgment is impaired. • Average “successful” suicide follows 5 “unsuccessful” attempts. • Boys have higher “success” rate than girls. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 4 Preventing Suicide Teens and Suicide: • Suicide is the 3rd leading cause of death for people between 15 and 24. • Physical and emotional changes in the teen years can make you more emotional, impulsive, and focused on the present. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 4 Preventing Suicide Suicide Prevention: • Think about consequences before you act. • Don’t solve temporary problems with permanent solutions. • Seek help when you need it. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 4 Preventing Suicide Warning signs that you or someone else are considering suicide…. • • • • • • • Feeling hopeless Withdrawing from family and friends Neglecting basic needs Loss of energy Taking more risks Using alcohol and drugs Giving away personal things Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Section 4 Preventing Suicide Getting Help for SOMEONE ELSE: • If you think a friend is thinking about suicide: • Take all talk of suicide seriously. • Reassure your friend that suicide is not the answer. • Try to change negative thoughts into positive thoughts. • Don’t keep a secret for your friend...GET HELP!!! • Help your friend get the help of an adult. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 End of Chapter 4 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.