HOLT
World History
CHAPTER 9
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Americas
Section 1: The Earliest Americans
Section 2: Cultures of North America
Section 3: Mesoamerica and Andean South America
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Earliest Americans
Objectives:
 Explain how people first arrived in the Americas.
 Describe changes that the development of
agriculture brought to the Americas.
2
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Earliest Americans
The Land and the People
 The physical setting – mountains, rivers, land
bridge between the Americas and Asia
 First arrivals – from Asia as early as 10,500 B.C.
 Creation myths
3
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Earliest Americans
The Development of American Agriculture
 Hunters became farmers after large prehistoric
animals became extinct
4
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Cultures of North America
Objectives:
 Explain how geography and climate affected life
in different regions of North America.
 Distinguish between the early American cultures
in the Pacific Northwest, the Southwest, the Great
Plains, and the Eastern Woodlands.
5
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Cultures of North America
Western North America
 The Northwest – fishing, weaving, carving
 The Southwest – irrigation, adobe
 The Great Plains – used buffalo for food
and clothing
6
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Cultures of North America
The Eastern Woodlands
 Hopewell were skilled artists, built burial mounds
 Mississippians were successful farmers and traders
7
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Mesoamerica and Andean South America
Objectives:
 Identify the characteristics of the Olmec, Toltec,
and Maya cultures.
 Explain how the Aztec and Inca built and
strengthened their empires.
8
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Mesoamerica and Andean South America
Early Civilizations
 The Olmec and Chavin – many farmers,
few elite; skilled artists
 The Maya – developed writing system,
studied astronomy
 The Toltec – pyramids, metalworking
9
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Mesoamerica and Andean South America
The Aztec and Inca Empires
 The Aztec – warriors who borrowed from cultures
they conquered
 The Inca – brought conquered people into one
imperial culture
10
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON