State Assessment Review
Physical Science
S.HS.2B.3.5

subatomic particles – the three main
particles that exist in an atom (proton,
neutron, and electron)
proton – a subatomic particle that has a
positive charge and is found in the nucleus of
an atom
 electron – a subatomic particle that has a
negative charge and is located outside the
nucleus in the electron cloud, much smaller
than the proton and neutron


Two charged particles exert a force on one
another. These forces become stronger
with an increased magnitude of charge
and are decreased when the distance
between the charges becomes greater.


Opposite charges attract each other.
Like charges repel each other.


When charged particles accelerate, a magnetic
field is produced.
In the presence of a magnetic field, an electric
current can be produced (moving charged
particles).

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Every electron is moving around the nucleus of an
atom, so every electron is a tiny magnet.
Not all objects are magnetic because the electrons
are spinning in different directions and their magnetic
fields cancel each other out.

The electric field given off by the charged
particle combined with the magnetic field
given off by its motion produces an
electromagnetic wave.

electromagnetic wave – a transverse wave
composed of alternating electric and magnetic
fields arranged in order of their wavelength
and frequency

Electromagnetic waves include:


(low frequency, high wavelength) Radio Waves –
Microwaves – Infrared Waves (Heat) – Visible Light
(Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet) –
Ultraviolet Rays – X Rays – Gamma Rays (high
frequency, low wavelength)
The energy of electromagnetic waves are carried in
packets which have a magnitude that is inversely
proportional to the wavelength.
Questions

1. Stars emit wave energy as electromagnetic
radiation. Which statement best explains the
origin of these waves?



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A. Accelerated electrons give off energy of various
wavelengths.
B. Electrons that maintain constant kinetic energy
give off waves with constant energy.
C. Accelerated neutrons give off energy at constant
wavelengths.
D. Neutrons that maintain maximum kinetic energy
give off waves with maximum wavelengths.
Questions

1. Stars emit wave energy as electromagnetic
radiation. Which statement best explains the
origin of these waves?




A. Accelerated electrons give off energy of
various wavelengths. – correct answer
B. Electrons that maintain constant kinetic energy
give off waves with constant energy.
C. Accelerated neutrons give off energy at constant
wavelengths.
D. Neutrons that maintain maximum kinetic energy
give off waves with maximum wavelengths.
Questions

2. An electron will attract
A. a proton.
 B. a neutron.
 C. another electron.
 D. An electron does not attract any other
subatomic particles.

Questions

2. An electron will attract
A. a proton.
 B. a neutron.
 C. another electron. – correct answer
 D. An electron does not attract any other
subatomic particles.

Questions

3. Which of the following electromagnetic
waves carries the most energy?
A.
 B.
 C.
 D.

radio waves
infrared waves
ultraviolet waves
X-rays
Questions

3. Which of the following electromagnetic
waves carries the most energy?
A.
 B.
 C.
 D.

radio waves
infrared waves
ultraviolet waves
X-rays – correct answer
Questions

4. What is the source of a magnetic field?
A.
 B.
 C.
 D.

moving neutrons
stationary protons
moving electrons
stationary neutrons
Questions

4. What is the source of a magnetic field?
A.
 B.
 C.
 D.

moving neutrons
stationary protons
moving electrons – correct answer
stationary neutrons