Learning Objectives:
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Learn about interhalogen compounds
Element - The Halogen
Electronic Covalent Ionic
configuration radius (Å) radius
E.A.
B.P.
E.N.
Dissociation
energy
Hhyd of
anion
F
He 2s22p5
0.72
1.36
-333
-188
4
158
-515
Cl
Ne 3s23 p5
0.99
1.81
-348
-35
3
243
-381
Br
Ar 4s24 p5
1.14
1.95
-324
58
2.8
192
-347
I
Kr 5s25 p5
1.33
2.16
-295
183
2.5
150
-305
At
Xe 6s26 p5
1.45
--
--
--
2.2
--
--
At is radioactive and unstable.
Interhalogen compounds
IF7
IF5
ICl3
ICl
BrF5
BrF3
BrCl
BrI
ClF3
ClF
IBr
All are of the type XX’n where n = odd nos. X’ is
always the lighter halogen since the smaller
halogen X’ are bonded around the larger X. As the
ratio of the radius of X to that of X’ increases, n
also increases.
Preparation
The interhalogen compounds can be prepared by direction
combination or by the action of halogen on lower interhalogen
compounds. The product formed depends upon some specific
conditions For example:
Properties
Some properties of interhalogen compounds are given in Table:
Uses
These compounds can be used as non aqueous
solvents. Interhalogen compounds are very useful
fluorinating agents. ClF3 and BrF3 are used for the
production of UF6 in the enrichment of 235U.
U(s) + 3ClF3 (l) → UF6 (g) + 3ClF(g