Evaluation of
Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojna
(RSVY)
AMS Consulting (P) Limited
Aim of the Study
To assist the policy makers in drawing useful
lessons for designing future programs.
Specific Objective
• To evaluate the financial & physical progress of the
schemes under the program
• To study the role of people & people's organizations
in planning, implementation and monitoring of the
schemes under the program
• To assess the status of achievement of the objectives
of the program, that is, to assess the extent of
benefits accrued to the target groups/areas
• To analyze the effectiveness of the administrative &
implementing systems for drawing lessons to design
future schemes
Broad Framework of the Study
Planning
• Relevance to the needs of the people
• Involvement of people’s organizations
• Efficiency of implementation
Implementation • Quality of works done / services provided
• Involvement of people’s organizations
• Program achievements / benefits accrued
Outcome
• Impact of the program
• Sustainability of the assets created / works
done / new initiatives
Sample Selection
Sample Selection
11 States
15 Districts
30 Blocks
(10% of the blocks in each district,
subject to a minimum of 2 blocks)
Study States & Districts already identified by the Planning Commission
Contd…
Sample Selection
Sampling of Blocks —
 Based on the amount of RSVY expenditure
(Due care was taken to ensure that the two
sample blocks were not contiguous)
Sampling of Works —
 In each block, 10% of the various works
from all the major sectors
Contd…
Data Collection
Primary Data —
 IDIs with State, district & block-level officials
 IDIs with Line Departments
 IDIs with PRIs/NGOs
 FGDs/Interviewing of beneficiaries
Secondary Data —
 District Perspective Plans (DPPs)
 Monthly Progress Reports (MPRs)
 Other relevant records
Contd…
Data Collection
Field Observations —
 In each block, 10% of the various works
from all the major sectors for ascertaining
physical status and quality
Major Findings
Key Parameters
 Planning
 Implementation
 Monitoring
 Maintenance of Assets
 Impact : Utility
Planning — Guidelines

PRIs, NGOs and Self Help Groups at
every stage of Planning, implementation
and monitoring (Para-4.2.4)

SWOT analysis & benchmark survey by
expert agency (Para-1.2)

Identify a few lead sectors (3 to 4) for
RSVY interventions (Para-1.2 & 6.4.5)

Efforts should be made to concentrate on
the poorer pockets within the districts
(Para-4.2.11)
Contd…
Planning — Findings

Instead of bottom-up, usual top-down
approach followed in most districts

Most interventions proposed by Line
Departments

Little or no community involvement in
10 out 15 districts
(In Bastar, Banswara, Palakkad, Dindori
and Mon, block-level workshops were
organized for identifying the gaps/needs)
Contd…
Planning — Findings
 Benchmark survey conducted by 5 out of
15 districts
 SWOT analysis in 11 out of 15 district
 Specialist agency/consultant for DPP in
only 5 out of 15 districts
 Inequitable allocation of RSVY funds
Contd…
Block-wise Status vis-à-vis RSVY Funds
Received for Improving Irrigation
% RSVY Fund for Improving Irrigation
District Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh
18
Behta
Kasmanda
16
Reusa
Palha
14
Sakran
12
Machhrehta
10
Sidhauli
8
Rampur Mathura
6
4
2
Gondlamau
Pisawan
0
0
20
40
60
% Net Irrigated Area
80
100
Contd…
Block-wise Status vis-à-vis RSVY Funds
Received for Improving Rural Connectivity
% RSVY Fund for Rural Connectivity
District Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh
20
Behta
18
16
Palha
14
12
Kasmanda
10
8
Rampur Mathura
6
Sidhauli
Pisawan
Sakran
Gondlamau
Machhrehta
4
2
Reusa
0
0
10
20
30
40
% Road Connectivity
50
60
70
Contd…
Planning — Findings
 Major deviations observed between the
planned and actual expenditure in twothird of the districts, indicating lack of
proper planning
 Out of 15, only 5 districts (Mon, Warangal,
Pallakad, Mayurbhanj and Dangs) could
actually adhere to their DPPs
Contd…
Adherence to Original DPPs
Warangal
Physical
Infrastructure
28%
29%
Social
Infrastructure
39%
41%
Addressing
Unemployment
8%
7%
Improving
Agriculture
25%
23%
Mon
Physical
Infrastructure
42%
40%
Social
Infrastructure
32%
34%
Addressing
Unemployment
7%
8%
Improving
Agriculture
19%
19%
0%
10%
20%
Proposed in DPP
30%
40%
Actual Expenditure
50%
Contd…
Major Deviations from Original DPPs
Sitapur
Physical
Infrastructure
46%
30%
Social
Infrastructure
34%
16%
Addressing
Unemployment
5%
20%
Improving
Agriculture
15%
34%
Bastar
Physical
Infrastructure
42%
15%
Social
Infrastructure
21%
11%
Addressing
Unemployment
13%
37%
Improving
Agriculture
24%
42%
0%
10%
Proposed in DPP
20%
30%
Actual Expenditure
40%
50%
Contd…
Implementation
Agency-wise Expenditure of RSVY Funds
NGOs
5%
Others
3%
Blocks
13%
Line Depts.
79%
Others: U.P. Projects Corporation, U.P. Samaj Kalyan Nirman
Nigam, Municipal Corporations, etc.
Contd…
Agency-wise Expenditure of RSVY Funds
District
Line Depts.
Blocks
NGOs
Others
Warangal
81%
1%
17%
1%
Bastar
72%
23%
5%
1%
Chamba
71%
27%
1%
1%
Dangs
76%
3%
21%
0%
Chatra
87%
4%
4%
5%
Lohardaga
77%
10%
13%
0%
Saraikela
73%
27%
0%
0%
Palakkad
88%
3%
2%
7%
Dindori
84%
14%
3%
0%
100%
0%
0%
0%
Ganjam
83%
12%
5%
0%
Mayurbhanj
84%
16%
0%
0%
Banswara
28%
61%
11%
0%
Chandauli
97%
0%
0%
3%
Sitapur
65%
0%
0%
35%
79%
13%
5%
3%
Mon
Overall
Contd…
Sector-wise Utilization of RSVY Funds
Addressing
Unemployment
(7%)
Physical
Infrastructure
(29%)
Agriculture
(40%)
Social
Infrastructure
(24%)
Contd…
Sector-wise Utilization of RSVY Funds
Improving
Agriculture
Addressing
Unemployment
Social
Infrastructure
Physical
Infrastructure
Banswara
65%
1%
18%
15%
Bastar
25%
13%
21%
42%
Chamba
27%
8%
27%
38%
Chandauli
41%
2%
19%
39%
Chatra
58%
5%
6%
30%
Dangs
54%
34%
6%
5%
Dindori
34%
1%
40%
25%
Ganjam
27%
2%
36%
35%
Lohardaga
48%
14%
3%
34%
Mayurbhanj
12%
2%
42%
44%
Mon
19%
7%
31%
42%
Palakkad
77%
4%
19%
0%
Saraikela
64%
0%
17%
19%
Sitapur
15%
5%
35%
45%
Warangal
25%
8%
40%
28%
40%
7%
24%
29%
District
Overall
Contd…
Physical & Financial Achievement
District
Physical Progress
Financial Progress
Banswara
98%
99%
Bastar
98%
93%
Chamba
83%
96%
Chandauli
97%
77%
Chatra
97%
94%
Dangs
100%
90%
Dindori
98%
98%
Ganjam
96%
98%
100%
100%
96%
96%
Mon
100%
100%
Palakkad
100%
99%
Saraikela
100%
100%
Sitapur
100 %
98%
87%
89%
97 %
95%
Lohardaga
Mayurbhanj
Warangal
Overall
Contd…
Monitoring
 Contrary to guidelines,
little or no
community involvement in most of the
states; No system of social audit
Jharkhand :
 Nigrani Samitis in the villages
Nagaland :
 Village Level Committees for rural areas
(Meetings conducted once every 2 months)
 Town Level Committees for town areas
(Meetings conducted once every 2 months)
Monitoring
“Strict monitoring schedule should be a part of
the implementation process itself‘” (Para-6.6.1)
 Reportedly periodic review meetings & field
visits at State and districts
 Lack of clearly defined monitoring norms in
terms of category of works & designated officials
and frequency in most states
 Convenience Monitoring !
Major Constraints :
Limited staff & simultaneous implementation of
many schemes
Sustainability/Maintenance
“In case of the community assets, future maintenance
is to be built into the program” (Para-4.2.10)
 In most states, maintenance of durable assets
with Line Department
 Village panchayat/user group to maintain
community-based assets (wells, lift irrigation
schemes, community centers, etc.)
Major Constraints :
Lack of funds resulting in poor maintenance,
leading to sub-optimal utilization of assets
created
Impact of RSVY Interventions
 Increased agriculture productivity
 Improved economic status
 Improved health conditions
 Improved rural connectivity
 Improved quality of life
Overall Utility of RSVY
Interventions
RSVY Works : Overall Utility Index
(As Perceived by the Targeted Beneficiaries)
Overall Utility
5-Point Scale
Very Good
Good
So-So
Poor
Very Poor
=
=
=
=
=
4
3
2
1
0
Weighted by Share in
Total Expenditure
Weighted
Average Points
Overall Index
(Out of 100)
Contd…