Is it more important to take sides in a
conflict or remain neutral?
A. Take sides
B. Remain neutral
A. A
B. B
0%
B
A
0%
Chapter 4 Growth of the
Thirteen Colonies (1607-1770)
Section 3 France and Britain
Clash
Why did conflict arise in North
America between France and Great
Britain?
Britain and France
• Two of the strongest
powers in Europe
• Competed for wealth and
empire
• All over the world
• Rivalry caused bitter
feelings between French
and British colonists in
North America
• Bitterness increased
when the British tried to
enter the Ohio Valley
• The French controlled
this area
• The French did not want
to share the fur trade
Hostility Continues
• British fur traders built a
fort at Pickawillany
• The French attacked the
fort and sent the British
traders out of Ohio
• French troops started
raiding Maine and New
York
• New Englanders
captured Louisbourg
• To the disgust of New
Englanders, Britain
returned Louisbourg to
the French
Native Americans Take Sides
• France and Britain knew that
the assistance of the Native
Americans would be important
• France had more Indian Allies
than the British
• The French just wanted fur,
they did not want to take
Indian land
• French traders often married
Indian women
• Also followed Indian customs
• French missionaries
converted many Indians to
Catholicism
• Indians helped the French by
raiding British settlements
• Example- Hannah Duston
The Iroquois Confederacy
• Most powerful group of
Native Americans in the
East
• New York area
• Initially five nationsMohawk, Seneca,
Cayuga, Onondaga, and
Oneida
• Others later joined or
were conquered
• 1722- Tuscarora joined
• English referred to them
as the Six Nations
The Iroquois
• Remained independent with
France and Britain
• Traded with both
• Played the British and French
against each other
• Controlled the Great Lakes area
• Mid 1700s the Iroquois came
under pressure when the British
moved into the Ohio Valley
• Leaders gave certain trading
rights to the British and
reluctantly became their allies
• This upset the balance of power
between France and Britain
Why did the Iroquois take sides with the
British?
A. The French betrayed them.
B. The French would no
longer trade with them.
C. The British moved into
some of their territory.
D. The British promised
them riches.
A. A
B. B
0% C.
0% C 0%
D. D
A
B
C
0%
D
American Colonists Take Action
• Virginians planed on
settling the Ohio Valley
• Fall of 1753- Virginia’s
Governor Robert Dinwiddie
sent a surveyor into the
land
• Named George
Washington
• Washington was 21 years
old
• He was told to tell the
French that they were
trespassing on land that
Great Britain claimed
• Washington was to
demand they leave
France’s Response to Washington
• Washington
delivered the
message
• Washington said
later, “that it was
their absolute
design, or plan, to
take possession of
the Ohio, and by
God they would do
it”
Washington’s First Command
• Spring of 1754Washington was a
lieutenant colonel
• Washington was sent
back to the Ohio country
• With a militia of 150 men
• Was to build a fort at
Allegheny and
Monongahela Rivers
(Pittsburgh today)
• Washington arrived and
found the French were
already building Fort
Duquesne on that spot
Washington’s Fort
• Washington built a small post
called Fort Necessity
• British were greatly
outnumbered
• The inexperienced troops
attacked a French force
• The British quickly
surrendered and returned to
Virginia
• Washington’s account was
published and he became
famous in the colonies and
Europe
• He was defeated at Fort
Necessity, but he was seen
as a hero for attacking the
French first
Why was George Washington
regarded as a hero?
A. He struck the first blow
against the French.
A
C. He promised to seek
revenge on the French.
B
A. A
B. B
0%
C. 0%
C
0%
C
B. He and his troops escaped
from the French.
Albany Plan of Union
• Representatives from several
colonies met in Albany, New
York (June 1754)
• To discuss the threat of war
• Also find a way to defend
themselves against the
French
• And persuade the Iroquois to
support the British
• Ben Franklin presented his
Albany Plan of Union
• Called for a united colonial
government
• Not a single colonial
assembly approved the plan
• No colony wanted to give up
any of its power
Franklin’s Response
• Disappointed
• “Everybody cries, a
Union is necessary;
but when they come to
the manner and form
of the union, [they] are
perfectly distracted”
• Albany meeting failed
to unite the colonists
in fighting the French
• Soon a full scale war
erupted
Why did conflict arise in North
America between France and Great
Britain?
-France and Britain were competing
world wide for wealth and empire. This
competition intensified in North America
when the two nations struggled for
control of the Ohio River valley, which
the French considered their territory.
Chapter 4 Section 3 Quiz
What was the small post in the Ohio country
established by George Washington called?
Fort Duquesne
Albany Union
Fort Necessity
Fort Monongahela
la
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D
ity
25% 25% 25% 25%
Fo
A.
B.
C.
D.
By 1700, the major powers in
North America were the
British and French.
French and Spanish.
British and Spanish.
French and Dutch.
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.
25% 25% 25% 25%
B
A.
B.
C.
D.
During the wars between France and Great
Britain, Native Americans often helped the
French by
A. supplying their
weapons.
B. showing them secret
paths.
C. raiding British
settlements.
D. supplying them with
food.
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25% 25% 25% 25%
Where was George
Washington's first command?
A. Blue Ridge
Mountains
B. Virginia territory
C. Appalachian
Mountains
D. Ohio River valley
y
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nt
a
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M
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25% 25% 25% 25%
Who did the colonists regard as the hero
who struck the first blow against the French?
A. Robert Dinwiddie
B. George
Washington
C. Benjamin Franklin
D. Jonathan
Edwards
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in
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25% 25% 25% 25%
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