Anatomy and Physiology I Bones of the Pelvic Girdle And Lower Limb Instructor: Mary Holman Pelvic girdle 2 coxal (hip) bones united anteriorly at the pubic symphysis Bony Pelvis The complete ring consisting of the pelvic girdle, the pubic symphysis and the sacrum Fig. 7.47a The Pelvis Anterior View Sacroiliac joint Ilium Sacral promontory Acetabulum Sacrum Pubis Pubic tubercle Ischium Symphysis pubis Pubic arch Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.47b The Pelvis Posterior View Sacral canal Ilium Sacrum Sacral hiatus Coccyx Distance between Ischial spines Ischium Pubis Obturator foramen Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.48b Right Hip (Coxal) Bone Lateral View Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) Iliac crest Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) Ilium Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) Greater sciatic notch Acetabulum Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Obturator foramen Ischium Pubic crest Pubis Pubic tubercle Ischial tuberosity Posterior Anterior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.48a Right Hip Bone (Coxal) Bone Iliac crest Medial Surface Iliac fossa Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) Ilium Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) Obturator foramen Auricular articulating surface Greater sciatic notch Pubis Ischium Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Anterior Ischial tuberosity Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Posterior Fig. 7.49 Flared ilium Female pelvis Sacral promontory Pelvic brim or inlet Symphysis pubis or Pubic symphysis Pubic arch Male pelvis Sacral promontory Sacral curvature Anterior view Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Pubic arch Comparison of the Pectoral vs Pelvic Girdles Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle Not complete Complete Glenoid cavity shallow Acetabulum deep More mobility Less mobility Less strength More strength Fig. 7.50b Lower Right Limb Femur Anterior view Patella Fibula Tibia Tarsals Metatarsals Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Phalanges Fig. 7.47c © Martin Rotker Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.51a Neck Greater trochanter Head Right Femur Anterior Surface Lesser trochanter Lateral epicondyle Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Medial epicondyle Patellar surface Fig. 8.17b Fovea capitis on the head of a Femur Courtesy of John W. Hole, Jr. From:Principles of Anatomy & Physiology by Tortora and Grabowski Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.51b Fovea capitis Right Femur Posterior surface Head Lesser trochanter Gluteal tuberosity Linea aspera Medial epicondyle Medial condyle Lateral epicondyle Lateral condyle Intercondylar fossa Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Articulations of Lower Lower Right Limb Anterior View Quadriceps Angle or Q angle Anterior View Fig. 7.50a Right Knee Anterior view © Martin Rotker Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.50c Right Knee Joint Lateral view Femur Patella Fibula Tibia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.50d Right Knee Posterior view Femur Lateral condyle Medial condyle Fibula Tibia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.52 Right Lower Leg Bones Intercondylar eminence Lateral condyle Medial condyle Head of fibula Tibial tuberosity Anterior crest Fibula Tibia Anterior View Lateral malleolus Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Medial malleolus Syndesmosis (fibrous joint) between the Tibia and Fibula Fig. 8.1 Interosseus membrane of leg Fibula Tibia Anterior tibiofibular ligament (interosseus ligament) Medial malleolus Lateral malleolus Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.53a © Martin Rotker Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.53b Right Foot Tibia Fibula Talus Navicular Medial cuneiform Calcaneus Calcaneal tuberosity Phalanges Metatarsals (metatarsus) Tarsals (tarsus) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 7.54a Right Foot Superior View Calcaneus Talus Tarsals (tarsus) Navicular Cuboid Lateral cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform Medial cuneiform 5 4 3 2 1 Proximal phalanx Metatarsals (metatarsus) Middle phalanx Distal phalanx Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Phalanges Arches of the Right Foot From:Principles of Anatomy & Physiology by Tortora and Grabowski