Family Salmonidae (Trouts
and Allies)
 Usually recognized as
three subfamilies.
o Salmon and Trout
o Graylings
o Whitefish
 Species of interest:
o Atlantic Salmon
(Salmo salar)
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Salmon and Trout
 Have fine scales and a short dorsal fin
 Dominate cold water (Northeast U.S.)
 Anadromous
Atlantic Salmon
Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
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Osmoregulation of Fishes
 Osmoconformers - have internal ionic
concentrations identical to the surrounding water
 Osmoregulators - control the internal ionic
concentration of their tissues
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Osmoregulation of fishes
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Life History stages of
Anadromous Salmonids
 Alevin (yolk-sac
larvae)
 Fry
 Smolt
 Adults
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Aquaculture of Salmonids
 Some facilities raise individuals from hatch to
harvest
 Others only raise individuals a short time and
release them to enrich natural populations.
 What are some problems associated with
aquaculture?
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Salmonidae Aquaculture
Egg and Milt
Harvest
Fish Pens
Prince William
Sound Aquaculture
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Family Synodontidae
 Lizardfishes
 Local species:
o Inshore Lizardfish
(Synodus foetens)
o Sand Diver (Synodus
intermedius)
Synodus intermedius
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Synodontidae
 Benthic dwellers that usually occur in shallow water
 Ambush predators, blends with surroundings
Synodus
foetens
Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
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Family Batrachoididae
 Toadfishes
 Local species:
o Oyster Toadfish
(Opsanus tau)
o Atlantic Midshipman
(Porichthys
plectrodon)
Opsanus tau
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Batrachoididae
Characteristics
 Well camouflaged benthic marine fishes
o Common in shallow water habitats
 Naked body, barbels around the mouth
o Some species have two lateral lines
 Dorsal fin has spines
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Batrachoididae
Vocalizations
 Oyster Toadfish and Midshipman make incredibly loud
sounds by vibrating its swimbladder
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Swimbladders
 The density of seawater increases the
buoyancy of the animals that live in it
o Swimbladders constitute only 5% of the body
volume in marine spp.
o 7% in freshwater spp.
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Physostomous
Swimbladders
 Has a connection between the swimbladder
and the gut (pneumatic duct)
o Inflate swimbladder by gulping air at the
surface
 Usually found in ancestral soft-rayed fishes
(Herrings, Salmonids and Cyprinids)
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Physoclistous
Swimbladders
 Have special structures associated with
the circulatory system
o A network of capillaries and gas gland allow
the inflation and deflation of the swimbladder
 Frees fish from their dependency on the
surface
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Order Lophiiformes
 Goosefish and
Frogfishes
 Fishes in this order
are commonly called
Anglerfishes
o Family Lophiidae
• Goosefishes
o Family Antennariidae
• Frogfishes
Goosefish
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Goosefishes
 All have similar
methods in
attracting prey
(Anglerfish)
o Illicium
o Esca
o Illicium and esca are
waved to mimic and
attract prey
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Common Species
 Goosefish (Lophius
americanus)
o Marketed as
Monkfish
o Can reach 4ft.
50lbs.
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Family Antennaridae
(Frogfishes)
 Associate with drifting
Sargassum and hard
structures on the benthos
 Share many similar
characteristics with
Lophiidae
 Have globose bodies that
can walk across the
bottom on their pectoral
and pelvic fins
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Antennaridae
Characteristics
 Scales resemble
projections
 Limited to the 20°
isotherm
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae
Common species
 Sargassumfish (Histrio histrio)
 Drifts in Sargassum blending with its surroundings
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Salmonidae thru Antennaridae