Social Studies 20-2
Related Issue # 3
Chapter 9
Nation, Nation States, and
Internationalism
Reviewing Related Issue #3
 Review page 196, and the Unit’s contents
 Volunteer to read page 197
Key Terms
 Needs
 Wants
 Isolationism
 Unilateralism
 Bilateralism
 Multilateralism
 Supranationalism
Key Concept
 Does involvement in international affairs
benefit nations and nation-states?
 Read page 202
What motivates nations and nationstates to become involved in
international affairs?
 People’s behaviours is motivated by both
NEEDS and WANTS
 Needs – things people must have to
survive ( food, water, shelter, and health )
 Wants – things people desire, not
necessary to survive ( cellphone, tattoo,
…)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human
Needs
 Believed that everyone ranked her or his
needs in order of importance
 Placed basic survival needs at the bottom
 People would then work their way up
through the levels until they became
happy and fulfilled human beings
 Some people believe human nature is too
complex to follow this method
Needs and Motives of Successful
Nation-States
 Read page 203
 Behaviour of nation-states and nations is
motivated by the collective needs and wants of
the country’s people
 Nations and Nation-states are motivated to
achieve and maintain:
 Economic stability
 Peace and Security
 Self-determination
 Humanitarianism
 Complete Handout 3.9.4 by reading pages 203-206
Economic Stability
 People – may involve getting an
education, finding a job and
saving money
 Nation – might decide to provide
more money for training
apprentices to attract more
industries to the country
 Nation – develop trade policies
that support exports which help
keep employment levels high in
their country
 When people have jobs they
spend more money. When they
spend more money they create a
demand for goods and services
which make companies make
more goods and therefore need to
hire more workers
Peace and Security
 Safety is a strong motivator for nations and
nation-states
 Society can not function unless people feel safe
doing things like attending school and going to
work
 Nations promote safety by passing laws,
creating police forces, and making rules for the
workplace
 Nations promote security through their
interaction with the rest of the world
Peace and Security
 Avoiding war is a strong motivator
 Most nation-states are motivated to create
alliances to protect themselves against
conflict
 NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
 Protective alliance among countries whose
goal is to maintain security of western nations
 Canada is a member
Peace and Security
 NORAD – North American Aerospace
Defense Command
 Defends the air space of North America
 United Nations
 International body to help nations solve
conflicts and problems before they escalate
Case Study
 In 2007, these women lived in
refugee camp in Darfur, a
region of Sudan. In Sudan,
about 2.5 million people have
fled their homes because of
fighting between government
forces and rebels. This
fighting has destroyed many
people’s peace and security.
 What might be some long-term
effects of this lack of peace
and security?
Self-determination
 Most people are highly motivated to
control their own lives
 Nations and Nation-state are also highly
motivated to control their future
 They achieve this goal by seeking selfdetermination
Self-determination
 Nations that are controlled by another
nation may even decide to seek
sovereignty ( independence )
 Example – Canada wanting it
independence from Britain
 Example – many nations created at the
end of World War One based around selfdetermination
Self Determination
 Europe 1914
Europe 1919
Humanitarianism
 Motivation to help other to some extent
 Nations attempt to relieve suffering and
protect the innocent
 Humanitarianism – acting to support the
dignity and well-being of all people
 Can be both internal and external
Failed States
 Read page 207
 Countries that cannot ( or do not ) meet the needs of
their citizens may be classified as “failed states”.
 Answer EXPLORATIONS #1
 What causes states to fail:










Loss of political legitimacy
Corruption of government
Economic decline
Violent takeover of government
Organized crime
Not sustain essential public service
Cannot promote economic growth
Do not provide welfare
Fear of others – ethnic conflicts
Greed
Botswana and Zimbabwe
 Read pages 208-209
 EXPLORATIONS #1
How do Motives of Nations and
Nation-States shape their
responses to the rest of the world?
 Read the opening paragraph page 210
 Motives shape the way governments manage their
domestic ( internal ) affairs and how they respond to the
world
 When deciding how to respond to the rest of the world,
countries are influenced by many factors related to the
needs of its people
 The range of responses include:
 Isolationism
 Unilateralism
 Bilateralism
 Multilateralism
 supranationalism
Possible Responses to
International Affairs
 Read the remainder of page 210 to page
213 and using the pinwheel handout, in
your own words describe 5 ways in which
countries can respond to international
affairs.
 Each arm of the pinwheel should include 3
sections:
1. The name and a brief description
2. An example, either written or sketched
3. The motive(s) your example is serving
Isolationism
 The policy of staying completely out of world
affairs
 Have no dealings at all with other countries
 Complete isolationism is rare – most still have
diplomatic ties with countries but stay out of any
disputes
 Examples:
 Japan – isolated itself for over 200 years
 Switzerland – remained neutral during both World
Wars
 United States – after World War Two
Unilateralism
 Means going alone
 When a country does not want help from other
countries or it is unable to persuade other
countries to help them
 Declaring war on a country without the help of
other countries is an example
 Examples – Cold War – USA vs USSR
 Fear over nuclear arms development
 Everyone was scared of joining sides
 Let the two of them fight it out – hoped it would not go
nuclear
Bilateralism
 When two countries
are motivated by the
same issue or need
 Agreements made
between two
countries
 Examples – Acid Rain
agreement between
Canada and the USA
Multilateralism
 Many parties acting
together as one
 Several countries cooperate to resolve an
issue of concern to them
all
 Is a favorite strategy of
middle power countries –
such as Canada
 Example – Kyoto
Protocol– agreement
among many countries to
reduce the greenhouse
gas emissions
Multi-lateral Cooperation
 Why is multilateral cooperation important
when it comes to environmental issues?
 Why might it often be difficult to achieve?
Supranationalism
 Involves nations
agreeing to go along
with decisions made
by international
organizations
 Members sometime
have an outside body
make decisions for
them
 Example – European
Union
European Union
 When countries join the European union they
must give up some control over their own affairs
 In the EU, major decisions are made by a vote in
which every member country casts a ballot
 As a result very few decisions are unanimous –
but all members must abide with the majority
 You sometimes have to go along with policies
that they do not entirely agree with
European Union
 Benefits the national interests
 Most member of the EU have given up
their own national money. They have
adopted the euro as their common
currency
 Sharing this currency with other countries
helps bring stability to their economies and
controls inflation
Understandings of
Internationalism
 Read pages 214-216
 Use the handout 3.9.9 “picturing
Internationalism” to respond to the
Challenge on page 214.
How does Internationalism benefit
nations and nation-states?
 Read pages 218-219