Jobs and Responsibilities
The job title and the responsibilities are often listed in a
job description, which tells you the required skills, position’s
duties, organization’s corporate culture, and other important
factors related to the job. Job descriptions exist because
employees are very expensive, so smart hiring decisions and
human resources policies are pivotal factors in companies
being profitable rather than bankrupt. No matter what your
job is, your first responsibility is to “Make your boss’s job
easier”.
Contents
Unit 3
01
Lead-in
02
Text A
03
Text B
04
Practical Writing
Lead-in
1
Listening
The following speakers are talking about the positions they want.
Listen to them and fill in the missing information.
A.
Unit3
Disc
Read
I’m John Adams, a third-year college student. My 1 ______
career
objective is to find 2 ________
part time work in the retail 3 _______
industry . I
_______
love meeting new people and feel myself to be very 4customer
oriented. I have some experience in the retail industry
including customer 5 ______
service and register operations. I believe
that if given the opportunity to 6 ___________
prove myself , I would be an
asset to any company. I’m available to start
working 7 __________
immediately .
1
Listening
B
Unit3
Disc
Read
My name is Aimee Kemp. I am 25 years old and I am
1 ________
looking for the reception or 2 _________
secretarial
work. At present I am
working in a reception and secretarial
at Just Letting
3 _______
position
duties answering phones,
4 include:
______
in Constantiaberg. My
5 _____________
sending and
, dealing
receiving
emails with clients, and doing
6 ________
company
general errands for the
and performing certain
7 _____
administration
iftasks
required.
I am a very 8 ___________
hardworking , friendly individual and have
very good people 9 ______
skills . I am computer literate and am
willing to learn any other skills required for the job.
I am looking for between $2000-2500 per month 10 _____
salary .
Hoping to hear from you soon.
1
Listening
C
Unit3
Disc
Read
I’m Maria Brook. I’m 1 ________
seeking a position that allows me
to work around my two young children from home. I am an
Assistant with 3 __________
professional editorial
experienced Personal 2 _______
abilities. I am quite proficient in Microsoft Word, Excel and
________
of dealing with incoming 5 _____
Outlook, and 4capable
letters and
replies . I would like to look for 7 ______________
writing 6 ______
work from home
opportunities and put my skills to 8 ________
good use . Thank you for
your 9 ___________
consideration .
1
Listening
D
Unit3
Disc
Read
challenging
My name is James Rouen. I’m seeking a 1 __________
position where I can best use my sales, 2 __________
marketing ,
leadership and customer services skills. As an M.B.A.
graduate 3 __________
majoring in marketing, I’m a 4 _______
creative problem
increase sales, motivate staff,
solver with proven ability to 5 ________
develop innovative marketing activities. I’m computer
and 6 _______
7 ______
proficient in MS Office programs. I’m 9 _______
available to
literate, 8 _________
start working within 2 weeks.
2
Discussion
Discuss with your partner the following questions and report
your answers to the class.
1. What is your career objective? Why?
Unit3
Lisn
Read
2. What abilities do you have that make you a qualified
candidate?
3. What character traits should a marketing manager
possess?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of working
from home?
5. Do you like to work from home? Why?
3
Reading
Read the following job descriptions. Answer the following
questions and see which of the above speakers is the suitable
candidate.
J & C Clothing Corporation
Unit3
Lisn
Disc
Summary
Responsible for all sales activities in assigned regions.
Manage quality of product and service delivery.
Primary Responsibilities
 Present and sell company products and services to current
and potential clients.
 Prepare sales materials and promotion activities.
3
Unit3
Lisn
Disc
Reading
 Prepare presentations of product information and sales
contracts.
 Establish and maintain current client and potential client
relationships.
 Coordinate company staff to accomplish the work required
to close sales.
 Develop and implement special sales activities to reduce
stock.
 Provide on-the-job training to new sales employees.
Working Conditions
Working conditions are normal for an office environment. Work
requires significant local travel and may require overnight
travel and weekend and/or evening work.
3
Unit3
Lisn
Disc
Reading
1. J & C Clothing Corporation is looking for a ____ .
A. sales representative
√
B. marketing manager
C. quality control manager
2. The focus of the responsibilities is ____ .
A. promoting sales
B. hiring new sales staff
√
C. ensuring high-quality services
3. The suitable candidate is ____ .
A. John Adams
B. Aimee Kemp
√ James Rouen
C. Maria Brook
D.
3
Reading
iPerceptions
Unit3
Lisn
Disc
iPerceptions provides organizations with real time decision
support to develop, manage, and monitor online strategies and
web solutions. Due to our rapid growth, we are looking for an
energetic and enthusiastic person, with a positive outlook, to fill
the following position:
Full time Secretary/Receptionist
Salary: $24,000 - $30,000/year, based on experience
Candidates should have the following skills:
 Bilingual, written and spoken English and French
 Computer literate — experienced in Excel, Word, Outlook
 Good communication skills
 Minimum 2 years experience in similar role
3
Unit3
Lisn
Disc
Reading
Secretary/ Receptionist Responsibilities:
 Main contact person for all incoming calls
 Handling mail, FedEx packages, faxes and any other deliveries
 Coordinating office visitors
 Assisting the Management Team with administrative tasks
Candidates must be:
Professional; Positive; Active Listener; Helpful; Considerate; Friendly; Organized.
Contact:
Monica Taylor Office Manager514-467-5891
mtaylor@iperceptions.com
3
Unit3
Lisn
Disc
Reading
4. iPerceptions is looking for a ____ .
A. web designer
B. sales representative
√
C. secretary and receptionist
5. Two languages are required: ____ and ____ .
√ English
√ French
A.
B. Spanish
C.
6. Candidates need to be of the following characters: ____.
√ positive
A.
C. persuasive
√ enthusiastic B.
D.
F.
√ organized
√ considerate E. decisive
7. The suitable candidate is ____ .
√ Aimee Kemp
A. John Adams B.
C. Maria Brook D. James Rouen
Text A
New Words and Expressions
Summary
Reading
Structure
Text A
Translation
Comprehension
Grammar Focus
Vocabulary
Discussion
Unit3
Text A
New Words and Expressions:
ensure v. 保证，确保
staff v. 给……配备职员
department n. 部，系
range n. 范围
corporate a. 公司的，法人的
investigate v. 调查，研究
issue n.论点, 问题
Unit3
Text A
enquiry n. 询问
inventory n. 详细目录, 存货
vary v. 变化, 不同
job title 职别，职称
exceed v. 超越，胜过
complaint n. 投诉，抱怨
refund n. 退款，偿还额
Text A
New Words and Expressions:
compensation n. 补偿，赔偿
correspondence n. 通信，信件
analyze v. 分析
feedback n.反馈
procedure n. 程序
improvement n. 改进, 进步
recruitment n. 招聘
appraisal n. 评价
deliver v. 达到（某一能力、性能等水平）
standard n. 标准
journal n. 期刊, 杂志
Unit3
Text A
1
Unit3
Text A
Reading
Read the passage about the job description of a customer
services manager and answer the following questions.
1. What are the responsibilities of a customer services
manager?
2. What roles does customer services management cover?
3. What is the main objective of a customer services manager?
4. A customer services manager is also responsible for
developing some related policies. What are they?
5. How can a customer services manager keep up with the
development in customer services?
Customer Services Manager
Tran
1 A customer services manager ensures that the company they
work for satisfies its customers’ needs. They may work at various
levels, from head office to the front end of the business. Work
might include: helping to develop a customer services policy for
an entire organization; managing a team of customer services
staff; or handling face-to-face enquiries from customers.
Unit3
Text A
staff
客户服务经理
①vt. 客户服务经理的责任是保证其工作的公司能够满足客户的需要｡
to provide workers or assistants for an organization
▲The
centre is staffed mainly by volunteers.
他们可能工作在各个不同的层面,从总部到企业的工作一线｡工作内容
②n.
[C also + plural verb] the people who work for an organization
大致包括:为整个企业制订客服方针､管理客服员工团队､回答客户面对
▲The
entire staff has done an outstanding job this year.
面提出的问题等｡
staff of 10/50 etc
▲Our department has a staff of seven.
member of staff
Customer Services Manager
Tran
Responsibilities may also include staffing, training, inventory
control, and loss prevention.
2 A customer services manager is a role model and leader and
must solve problems, make informed decisions and manage the
department wisely in order to achieve best results. Possible roles
vary widely.
Unit3
Text A
inventory
n.
他们的职责还有可能包括人员配备､员工培训､库存控制和损失预防等｡
①all 作为行为榜样和领导者,客户服务经理为了获得最好的结果,必须解
the goods in a shop [= stock]
▲We
plan to reduce the inventory by having a sale.
决问题､做出正确的决策､并合理地管理整个部门｡客户服务经理可能扮
▲Retailers’
inventory may exist in a warehouse or in a store
演的角色有许多种.
accessible to customers.
②a list of all the things in a place
inventory of
▲We made an inventory of everything in the apartment.
Customer Services Manager
Tran
Customer services management covers a range of job titles,
including customer care manager, corporate services manager,
relationship manager and customer operations manager. For all
of these roles, customer services managers are expected to
understand, meet and exceed their customers’ requirements.
Unit3
Text A
range
corporate
其在客服管理中也有很多不同的头衔,如客户关怀经理､公司服务经理
①n.
a number
that are all different, but are all of
a. belonging
to of
or people
relatingor
to things
a corporation
､客户关系经理和客户业务经理等｡不管客户服务经理的角色是什么,
the
same
generalistype
▲The
company
moving its corporate headquarters from Washing他们的职责都是理解,满足甚至超额满足顾客需求｡
range
ofto New York.
ton D.C.
②n.
a set identity
of similar products made by a particular company or
corporate
available
a particular
shop itself to the public
the
way aincompany
presents
③vi.
if prices,
levels,
etc range
from one
amount to
▲We are
launching
an temperatures,
advertising campaign
in order
to reinforce
another,
they include
our corporate
identity.both those amounts and anything in between
range in age/size/price, etc
Customer Services Manager
Tran
Typical work activities
3 The main aim of a customer services manager is to provide
excellent customer services. Although the work will vary,
depending on the type and size of an organization, typical
activities are likely to include some or all of the following:
 Provide help and advice to customers, using the
organization’s products or services.
Unit3
Text A
典型工作内容
客户服务经理的主要任务是提供出色的客户服务｡虽然其工作内
容会根据企业的类型和规模而有所不同,但典型工作大致包括下列的
部分或全部内容:
★ 为那些使用企业产品或服务的客户提供帮助和建议;
Customer Services Manager
Tran
 Communicate politely with customers by telephone, e-mail or
face to face.
 Investigate and solve customers’ problems.
 Handle customers’ complaints or any problems, such as
security issues or an angry customer.
 Issue refunds or compensation to customers.
Unit3
Text A
refund
issue
complaint
★
通过电话､电子邮件或面对面礼貌地与客户交流;
compensation
n.
①n.an
amount
of
money
that
is complains
given
back
you
if you
not
①
n.
a
subject
or
problem
which
people
aretothinking
and are
talking
n. a调查并解决客户提出的问题;
statement
which
someone
something
★
①money
paid toinsomeone
for something
that about
has been
lost or
satisfied
withinthe
goods or gave
services
paid for
about
▲The
jump
rise that
to a you
lot ofhave
complaint.
★
处理客户的投诉及其他问题,如安全问题或一个愤怒的客户等;
damaged
or for food
someprices
inconvenience
▲You
can return
purchase
within
14 days for a full
refund.
▲Economic
issues
should
attention.
▲Complaints
areyour
dealt
withget
by more
the
department.
★
为客户退款或提供赔偿;
▲There
is something
wrong
with
thecustomer
pressureservices
cooker he
has just
②vt.
to
give
someone
a
refund
②n.
a
magazine
or
newspaper
printed
for
a
particular
day,
week
complaint
about/of/against
bought,
so he’s
going to the shop for compensation.
or
month
▲The
holiday
was
cancelled
so about
the travel
agency
had to refund
▲Kevin
was
after
complaints
quality
②[Am.E.]
the fired
money
someone
is paid
for the
doing
their of
jobhis work.
everybody
the price
of the tickets.
③vt.
to produce
or provide
something official
▲The job is hard but the compensation is good.
issue something to somebody
issue somebody with something
Customer Services Manager
Tran
 Keep accurate records of discussions or correspondence with
customers.
 Produce written information for customers, often using
computer software.
 Write reports analyzing the customer services that your
organization provides.
 Visit customers to provide a one-to-one service.
 Develop feedback or complaints procedures for customers to
use.
Unit3
Text A
★ 保留准确的与客户谈话或通信的记录;
★ 应用计算机软件为客户制作书面信息;
★ 对公司提供的客户服务进行分析并写报告;
★ 访问客户,提供一对一服务;
★ 制定客户反馈或投诉程序以便客户使用;
Customer Services Manager
Tran
 Develop customer services policies and standards for your
organization or department.
 Meet with other managers to discuss possible improvements
to customer services provided.
 Assist in staff recruitment and appraisals .
 Train staff to deliver a high standard of customer services.
Unit3
Text A
appraisal
deliver
recruitment
standard
v.
★ 为公司或部门制定客服政策和标准;
n.★act
a与其他经理讨论如何改进所提供的客户服务;
statement
or prospective
opinion
judging
the
worth, value,
or condition
of
n.
oforseeking
new
employees
or because
members
forare
an
①n.
①to
a
do
level
provide
of quality
the
things
you
are
expected
to,
you
something
organization
responsible
for them
or they
are partstandard
of your job
▲Students
have
to reach
a certain
or they won’t pass.
★ 协助进行员工招聘和评价;
performance
appraisal
▲Recruitment
▲The
country
costs
of should
delivering
is a vital
setfunction
adequate
standards
fornursing
ofan
minimum
organization
care are
salary
high.
toper
maintain
month. its
★ 为员工培训,以期为客户提供更高水平的服务;
personnel.
▲Performance
appraisal
is the personnel
method
②a.
②to
accepted
take goods,
as normal
letters,orpackages,
usual
etc to a evaluation
particular place
or
seeking
employee
work effectiveness using
recruit
person
▲We
paythe
ourmeasurement
employees theofstandard
salaries.
objective
criteria.
standard
practice/procedure
the
usual
way
things
V.
▲The
to find
shop
new
will
people
delivertoour
work
new
in a
bed
company,
on
Thursday.
joinofandoing
organization
or
to get people
deliver
a speech/lecture,
to join the
etc navy,
etc standard practice.
▲Searching
luggage
at army,
airports
is now
standard
to
make government
a room
speech, etcofficials
to a lotwere
of people
▲Many
recruited from private industry.
Customer Services Manager
Tran
 Lead or supervise a team of customer services staff.
 Learn about your organization’s products or services and
keep up to date with any changes.
 Keep ahead of developments in customer services by
reading relevant journals, going to meetings and attending
courses.
★ 领导和管理客服团队的员工;
★ 了解所在企业的产品和服务,并掌握最新变化情况;
★ 通过阅读相关杂志､参加会议和课程班等,掌握客户服务方面的
最新发展｡
Unit3
Text A
2
Unit3
Text A
Comprehension
Part 1 Read the passage again and guess the meaning of the
following words from the contexts. Use a dictionary to
check your answers.
1. various (Para. 1, Line 2) ____
√ different
A. outstanding
B.
C. similar
2. informed (Para. 2, Line 2) ____
√A. having a lot of knowledge or information about a particular
subject or situation
B. able to learn and understand things quickly
C. knowing less than you should about a particular subject
3. excellent (Para. 3, Line 1) ____
A. low standard
B. common
C.
√ extremely good
2
Comprehension
4. accurate (Para. 3, Line 10) ____
A. not correct or suitable
√ correct, exact and without any mistakes
B.
C. interesting and exciting
5. supervise (Para. 3, Line 20) ____
A. to be higher in rank or social position
B. to be influenced and led by others
C.
√ to be in charge of an activity or a team
Unit3
Text A
2
Unit3
Text A
Comprehension
Part 2 Decide whether the following statements are True or False.
1.
A customer services manager takes responsibilities of
solving problems, making decisions and managing the
T
department. _____
2.
A customer services manager needs to be good at both oral
T
and written communication. _____
3.
A customer services manager’s responsibilities only involve
F
issues related to customers. _____
4.
A customer services manager should provide feedback of
F
the products to customers. ___
5.
5. A customer services manager should have thorough
knowledge of the products or services the company
T
provides. _____
3
Vocabulary
Part 1 Complete the sentences with the following words.
Change the form where necessary.
ensure
issue
Unit3
Text A
inventory
procedure
department
feedback
exceed
refund
various
accurate
_______to cooperate
1. The foreign employee said it is a great accurate
with me in my company.
various colors.
2. The jacket is available in ________
refund .
3. I took the radio back to the shop and asked for a _______
inventory of used cars is the best in town.
4. Our ________
exceed $5000.
5. The final cost should not _______
_________ for recruiting employees.
6. The company has new procedures
3
Vocabulary
7. Have you had any ________
feedback from customers about the new
soap?
Department is to provide a full
8. The aim of the Personnel __________
range of human resources management services for the
organization.
9. The key ______
issue is whether the market will welcome the new
product.
______ its employees’
10. The factory is taking measures to ensure
safety.
Unit3
Text A
3
Vocabulary
Part 2 Complete the sentences with the noun form of the
following verbs.
enquire
analyze
Unit3
Text A
investigate
correspond
complain
supervise
compensate deliver
improve
recruit
1. You should claim ____________
compensation for the damaged goods.
enquiries from customers about our
2. We’re getting a lot of _________
door-to-door shipping service.
3. The sales assistants are trained to deal with customer
__________
complaints in a friendly manner.
4. The new sales manager is effective and this month’s sales
figures show some ____________
improvements .
3
Unit3
Text A
Vocabulary
5. The company carried a detailed ___________
investigation on the market
in order to improve its product.
6. Any further _____________
correspondence should be sent to my new
address.
Recruitment refers to the process of sourcing, screening,
7. __________
and selecting people for a job or vacancy in an organization.
8. The analysis
_______ shows that the responsibility for this failure
must lie with the chief engineer.
delivery of goods.
9. We guarantee prompt _______
10. The handbags are produced under the __________
supervision of the
quality manager.
4
Summary
Complete the summary of the passage by filling in the blanks
with the words or phrases from the passage．
A
customer
services manager
is
responsible
for
its customers’ needs; developing a 2 ________
customer
1 __________
satisfying
_____________
3 ____________________
services policy , or handling
face-to-face enquiries
from customers. A customer services manager should be able
informed decisions and manage the department
to make 4 _________________
wisely.
Unit3
Text A
4
Summary
The work of a customer services manager might 5 ____
vary
depending on the type and size of the organization, but the
6 __________________
typical work activities tend to be similar, which include
communicating with customers, handling 8 ____________
7 ______________
customers’
___________
complaints or any 9 _________
problems , discussing with other
improve
managers on how to 10 ___________
customer services,
recruiting staff
helping in 11 ______________
and providing appraisals, and
training and supervising the customer services staff to
deliver 12 ______________________________
a high standard of customer services .
Unit3
Text A
5
Structure
Study the examples and do the exercises after the model.
Example 1
 Write reports analyzing the customer services that your
organization provides.
现在分词短语analyzing the customer services 做后置定语，修
饰reports。
Model: article, focus on, issue, concern, safety, mining industry
→ The article focuses on the issue concerning safety in
mining industry.
Unit3
Text A
5
Structure
1. we, professional, company, provide, consultancy services
We are a professional company providing consultancy
services.
2. candidate, apply for, position, need, have, experience, deal
with, customer complaints
Candidates applying for the job need to have experience
dealing with customers’ complaints.
Unit3
Text A
3. potential employee, need, provide with, information, regard,
employee benefits, compensation plans
Potential employees need to be provided with information
regarding employee benefits and compensation plans.
5
Structure
Example 2
Unit3
Text A
 Learn about your organization’s products or services and keep up
to date with any changes.
up to date 意思是“最新的，现代的”；加连字符可做形容词，即upto-date。常用搭配包括：
 up-to-date information/data/news etc: 最新信息/数据/新闻等
 keep/bring sb up-to-date with sth: 向某人提供最新的信息 等
 up-to-date equipment/facilities/technology etc: 最先进的设备/装备/
技术等
 keep/bring sth up-to-date: 将……更新，使……现代化
Model: 我们的网站为您提供最新的商业新闻和资源。
→ Our website keeps you up-to-date with latest news and
resources on business.
5
Structure
1. 你的报告应该以最新数据为基础。
________________________________________________
Your report should be based on up-to-date data.
2. 及时向我汇报项目进展的最新情况。
________________________________________________
Keep me up-to-date with the progress of the project.
3. 这个体育场配备了最新的保安及监控系统。
________________________________________________
The stadium is equipped with up-to-date security and
________________________________________________
monitor systems.
4. 这套老系统应该更新升级。
Unit3
________________________________________________
The old system should be brought up-to-date.
Text A
6
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the
expressions given in the brackets.
1. 你可以申请报销差旅费。(refund)
________________________________________________
You
can apple for a refund of your travel costs.
2. 你要是不能提高销售额，就把你开除！(deliver)
________________________________________________
If you can’t deliver improved sales figures, you’re fired.
3. 本公司提供全系列冬季运动服饰及装备。(a wide range of)
________________________________________________
Our
company offers a wide range of clothing and
________________________________________________
equipment
for winter sports.
Unit3
Text A
6
Translation
4. 你可以利用库存控制来提高效率及控制成本。(inventory
control)
________________________________________________
You can use inventory control to increase efficiency and
________________________________________________
manage costs.
5. 我们保证本公司提供的高水平产品和服务会满足您的需求。
(high standard of)
________________________________________________
We ensure that the high standard of products and services
________________________________________________
we provide will satisfy your needs.
Unit3
Text A
7
Grammar Focus
一般现在时 （Simple Present Tense）
时态是英语谓语动词的表现形式，表示行为动作发生的时间
和所处的状态。在说或写一段话时，通常要选择一个中心时态，
这一中心时态影响着全文时态，即全文时态应协调一致。
一般现在时的形式
主语为第三人称单数时，在动词原形后加-s或-es.
I/You
work
He/She/It
works in an office.
We/You/They
work
Unit3
Text A
7
Grammar Focus
一般现在时的用法
1. 陈述现在时段内发生或存在的事件、动作或情况。
2. 陈述客观事实及永恒真理。
3. 表示习惯性动作，即不断重复发生的事。
4. 表示日程安排或按计划将要发生的事情。
5. 在谈话时，通常用一般现在时的状态动词和其他动词表示
表述和声明。
6. 用于时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时。
Unit3
Text A
7
Grammar Focus
Part 2 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there
is any, and tell which one of the above usages accounts
for the tense used in each sentence.
1. The delegation arrives in Shanghai this afternoon.
_____________________________
Correct.
2. If anyone will call, just tell them I’m not in the office.
_____________________________
will call→calls
3. London is sitting on the River Thames.
Unit3
Text A
_____________________________
is sitting→sits
4. I am declaring this exhibition open.
_____________________________
Key → The key
7
Grammar Focus
5. I sometimes stay up till midnight.
_____________________________
Correct.
6. The exhibition will open on April 1 and close on April 30.
_____________________________
will open→opens close→closes
7. The company mainly deals with the production of leisurewear
and sports garments.
_____________________________
Correct
8. I hope that the sales will improve this year.
_____________________________
Correct
Unit3
Text A
7
Grammar Focus
Part 3 Complete the following passage about direct selling.
Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form of the
simple present tense. passage．
What Is Direct Selling?
is (be) a way to sell products or
Very simply, direct selling 1 ___
services directly to customers, away from a retail location. A direct
2 ________
allows
sales business
(allow)
you to connect with customers oneto-one, in groups, through online sales, catalog sales or by phone.
3 ___
People in the direct selling industry
(be) often known
are as
independent consultants, distributors or representatives.
Unit3
Text A
7
Unit3
Text A
Grammar Focus
is (be) a viable option for people
A direct selling opportunity 4 ___
is (be) an especially
of all ages, genders and income levels. It 5 ___
want (want) more flexibility
good opportunity for women who 6 ____
and control over their lives, and who:
 7 ____
Have (have) an entrepreneurial spirit;
 8 ____
Like (like) working with people;
 9 ______
Desire (desire) a less structured working environment;
Want (want) to supplement their income without making a
 10 ____
large investment.
8
Unit3
Text A
Discussion
Discuss with your partner the
following questions and develop
a job description of a shop
assistant. Report your answers
to the class.
1. Look at the picture on the
left. Do you think the lady
looks like a qualified shop
assistant? Why?
2. What qualifications make a
good shop assistant?
Text B
New Words and Expressions
Text B
Comprehension
Vocabulary
Unit3
Text B
New Words and Expressions:
Unit3
Text B
make ends meet 使收支相抵
limitless a. 无限的
imbue v. 灌输，深深影响
concept n. 观念, 概念
faith n. 信任, 信念
patriotism n. 爱国主义精神
injure v. 损害, 伤害
hairstylist n. 美发师
plaza n. 购物广场
fancy a. 花哨的；豪华的
discount n. 折扣
trash n. 垃圾
lawn n. 草地, 草坪
mower n.. 割草机
garbage n. 垃圾
can n. 有盖金属桶；罐头
litter n. 垃圾
discipline n. 纪律
ethic n. 道德, 伦理
balance n. 平衡
senior n. (中学或大学）毕业班的学生
pay off 带来好结果，成功
assembly n. 集会；装配
Text B
Tran
Louis Caldera was the 17th US Secretary of the Army. He has
had a distinguished 30-year public service career as a soldier,
lawyer, legislator, high ranking government official, university
president and professor of law. Read the following passage and
see how he recalls his first job experience.
路易斯·卡尔德拉是第17届美国陆军部部长｡在他30年杰出的公共服务
生涯里,他当过军人､律师､立法委员､政府的高层官员､大学校长和法学
教授等｡阅读下面这篇文章,看他如何回顾自己的第一次工作经历｡
Unit3
Text B
My First Job
Tran
1
Both my parents came from towns in Mexico. I was born
in El Paso, Texas, and when I was four, my family moved to a
housing project in East Los Angeles.
2
Even though we struggled to make ends meet, my
parents stressed to me and my four brothers and sisters how
fortunate we were to live in a great country with limitless
opportunities.
Unit3
Text B
我的第一份工作
我的父母都来自墨西哥的小镇｡我出生在德克萨斯州的埃尔帕索｡
在我4岁的时候,我们全家就由一个安居工程搬到了洛杉矶东部｡
当时,虽然我们只能勉强维持生计,但父母仍对我和我的四个兄弟
姐妹说,我们是幸运的,因为我们生活在一个有着无限机会的伟大国家
里｡
My First Job
Tran
They imbued us with the concepts of family, faith and
patriotism.
3
I got my first real job when I was ten. My dad, Benjamin,
injured his back working in a cardboard-box factory and was
retrained as a hairstylist. He rented space in a little plaza and
gave his shop the fancy name of Mr. Ben’s Coiffure.
Unit3
Text B
injure
他们还给我们灌输了关于家庭､信仰和爱国的理念｡
fancy
a. yourself or someone else, for example in an accident or
vt. to十岁时,我得到了第一份真正的工作｡我的父亲本杰明在一家纸箱
hurt
①decorative
or complicated
an
attack
工场工作时弄伤了后背,此后他重新接受了培训而成为了一名理发师｡
▲We
sell fancy
shapes.
▲He
was
badly soaps
injuredininseashell
the car crash.
他在一个小型购物中心租了一间房子,并给它起了个很花哨的名字,“本
▲I
justsomebody’s
want a basic pride/feelings,
sports coat — nothing
fancy.
injure
etc
先生的发型设计室”｡
②fancy
hotels/restaurants/cars,
etc
Note: damage,
hurt, injure, wound
Hotels,
restaurants, cars, etc that are expensive and fashionable
damage指对东西或身体部位造成伤害,不用于指伤害某人｡
hurt和injure 都可以表示事故､灾害等对人身体造成伤害｡wound表示
被刀､枪等武器所伤｡
My First Job
Tran
4 The owner of the shopping center gave Dad a discount on
his rent for cleaning the parking lot three nights a week, which
meant getting up at 3 a.m. To pick up trash , Dad used a little
machine that looked like a lawn mower. Mom and I emptied
garbage cans and picked up litter by hand. It took two to three
hours to clean the lot. I’d sleep in the car on the way home.
Unit3
Text B
trash
litter 购物中心的老板把父亲的房租打了折扣,作为交换,父亲每周需抽
discount
things paper,
that you
throw
such ashave
empty
bottles,
used
n.
waste
cans,
etcaway,
that people
thrown
away
andpapers,
left on
garbage
出三个晚上打扫停车场,这就意味着凌晨三点钟起床｡他用一个像割草
n.
a reduction in the usual price of something
food
that material,
has
bad,
etcpaper, empty containers, and food thrown
the
ground
in gone
a public
place
n.
waste
such
机似的小型机器捡垃圾｡妈妈和我则负责清空垃圾筒,并用手捡垃圾｡清
▲We
give a discount
ofas
8% for payment in cash.
away
扫停车场需要两三个小时｡在回家的路上,我会在车上睡觉｡
at
a discount
▲The employees of the bookstore can buy books at a discount.
discount on
discount store/shop, etc
My First Job
Tran
5
I did this for two years, but the lessons I learned have
lasted a lifetime. * I acquired discipline and a strong work ethic,
and learned at an early age the importance of balancing life’s
competing interests — in my case, school, homework and a
job. * This really helped during my senior year of high school,
when I worked 40 hours a week selling burgers at a fast-food
restaurant while taking a full load of college-prep courses.
Unit3
Text B
ethic
discipline
balance
when引导时间状语从句;连词while连接两个并列的现在分词短语作状
句中acquired
和learned是并列谓语;learned
的宾语是the
importance
这份工作我虽然只做了两年,但从中学到的东西却令我终生受益｡
n. a general
idea
or belief that influences people’s
behavior
and
load
senior
n.
the
ability
to
control
your
own
behavior,
so
that
you
do
what
you
①vt.
to
give
several
things
equal
amounts
of
importance,
time
or
语selling...
和
of...,状语at
antaking...｡
early
age插在了谓语和宾语之间;现在分词competing
我懂得了自我约束,培养了一种很强的职业道德观念,并从小就学会如
attitudes
a.
a
large
quantity
of
something
that
is
carried
by
a
vehicle,
person
a.
having
higher
position,islevel,
or rank
are
expected
toado
money,
soathat
situation
successful
做定语｡
何协调生活中相互矛盾的各种事情——对我而言,就是协调好上学､家
ethics
etc pl
▲She’s
senior
tohome
me, so
I have
do what
she
tells me.
▲Working
from
requires
good
deal
of discipline.
▲I
struggle
to balance
work
andatofamily
commitments.
庭作业和工作的关系｡在高中的最后一年里,我更是受益于此｡当时,我
professional/business/medical
ethics
a
load/loads
of
antonym:
junior
②n.
a
state
where
things
are
of
equal
weight or force
Note:
ethnic
a在一家快餐店卖汉堡,每周工作四十小时,同时学习全部的大学预科课
lot of ethnic有形容词词性,意思是“民族的,种族的”｡例如,
something
▲We
need
to
strike
a
balance
between
the
needs
of
the
group
and
程｡
groupgot a load of complaints about the loud music.
▲We
the rights of the individual.
民族,民族群体｡
My First Job
Tran
6
The hard work paid off . I attended the U.S. Military
Academy and went on to receive graduate degrees in law and
business from Harvard. Later, I joined a big Los Angeles law
firm and was elected to the California State Assembly. In
these jobs and in everything else I’ve done, I have never
forgotten those nights in the parking lot.
Unit3
Text B
pay off
我的努力得到了回报｡我升入了美国军事学院,又在哈佛大学获得
①if something you do pays off, it is successful or has a good result
了法学和商业硕士学位｡后来,我进入洛杉矶的一家大型律师事务所,并
▲It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but it should pay
入选加州议会｡无论是从事这些工作还是做其它事情,我从未忘记过在
off in the long run.
停车场工作的那些夜晚｡
②to pay back money that you owe
▲It took them three years to pay off the debt.
My First Job
Tran
The experience taught me that there is dignity in all work and
that if people are working to provide for themselves and their
families, that is something we should honor.
这种经历让我明白,一个人无论做什么工作都有尊严,只要他能自食其
力､供养家人,就该受到尊重｡
Unit3
Text B
1
Comprehension
Choose the best answer for each question according to
passage.
the
1. The passage mainly talks about _____ .
A. what Louis Caldera’s first job is
B. how Louis Caldera grew up
C.
√ how Louis Caldera’s first job influenced his life
D. how Louis Caldera became the 17th US Secretary of the
Army
Unit3
Text B
1
Comprehension
2. Which of the following statements is true? _____
A. Caldera was born in Mexico.
B. The family moved to Texas when Caldera was four.
C. The family could not make ends meet and they felt great
stress.
√ His parents believed that people had great chances to
D.
succeed in the US.
3. Caldera’s first job was to _____ .
√ help clean the parking lot
A. work in a cardboard-box factory B.
C. work as a hairdresser
D. work in his father’s shop
Unit3
Text B
1
Unit3
Text B
Comprehension
4. From his first job, Caldera learned the following lessons
except _____ .
√ working skills
A.
B. discipline
C. work ethic
D. how to arrange life and work
5. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that _____ .
A. Caldera believed he earned dignity as a high rank official
B. Caldera benefited a lot from his graduate degrees from
Harvard
C. people should honor those people who held high rank
positions
√ people deserve dignity as long as they work hard to support
D.
themselves and their families
2
Vocabulary
Part 1 Complete the sentences with the following words. Change
the form where necessary.
discipline
ethic
Unit3
Text B
assembly
senior
balance
discount
faith
can
injure
pay off
_____ management.
1. Few women hold the jobs in senior
2. He claimed that working too hard was _______
injuring his health.
assembly have gradually been
3. Restrictions on freedom of _________
relaxed.
_______store is a shop which sells its goods at cheap prices.
4. A discount
2
Unit3
Text B
Vocabulary
discipline
5. Maintaining classroom _________
is the first task of every teacher.
6. Work
is a belief in the moral value and importance of
ethic
work. ______
7. All her hard work
in the end, and she finally achieved
paid off
the sales target. ______
8. Job losses in manufacturing were
by job increases in
________
balanced
the service sector.
9. The public has lost
in the media.
faith ought to be enough.
10. Two large
of_____
paint
cans
_____
2
Vocabulary
Part 2 Complete the sentences with suitable prepositions.
on my way to the airport.
1. I ran out of gas ____
with plenty of money can afford to shop here.
2. Only people ____
for a few days next week.
3. She’s out of the office ____
as a consultant for a design company.
4. She works ___
for guests.
5. The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service ____
on rail travel for students.
6. They offer a 50 percent discount ____
Unit3
Text B
2
Vocabulary
for 40 minutes.
7. Bake the cake ____
at a reputable company that provides a
8. I want to work ____
decent salary.
of
9. Measures have been taken to lighten the load ____
the hospital
doctors.
by hand.
10.All the purses and bags we sell are made ____
Unit3
Text B
Practical Writing
Job Description
Job descriptions are written statements that describe the:
 duties,
 responsibilities,
 most important contributions and outcomes needed from a
position,
 required qualifications of candidates,
 reporting relationship and co-workers of a particular job.
Unit3
Practical Writing
Job descriptions clearly identify and describe the responsibilities
of a specific job. Job descriptions also include information about
working conditions, tools, equipment used, knowledge and skills
needed, and relationships with other positions.
Write a job description of a shop assistant. You can divide your
job description into two parts: responsibilities and person
specification.
Unit3
Contents