Body Systems How is your body like a machine? Let’s think back…. • Why do all the body systems work together? To maintain homeostasis! SKELETAL SYSTEM •What are the functions? -produces red and white blood cells -movement -structural support -provide minerals •What other systems are involved? -muscular -immune MUSCULAR SYSTEM •What are the functions? -movement (body parts, digestion, circulation) • What other systems does it involve? -Skeletal -Nervous -Digestive -Circulatory Muscle Types SKELETAL SMOOTH CARDIAC How do you bend your elbow? To what are muscles attached? • The bicep muscle contracts, causing the elbow to bend. • The tricep muscle contracts, causing the elbow to straighten. This works similar to what simple machine? LYMPHATIC SYSTEM • What are the functions? •protect body from disease •contains white blood cells, antibodies and lymph INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Function System Protection/Barrier Immune Protect Against Dehydration Cutaneous Sensation Excretory Regulate Body Temp Excretory Excrete Sweat, Gases Excretory Nervous Integumentary Hair Epidermis Sebaceous Gland Dermis Sweat Gland • How does skin vary in different organisms? NERVOUS SYSTEM • What are the functions? •Respond to internal and external stimuli • How does the nervous system work? • What other systems are involved? • all The Brain Cerebrum Hypothalamus Cerebellum Brain Stem EXCRETORY • What are the functions? • Detoxifies blood – Urea, water, salts, excess glucose, excess protein • What other systems are involved? • Circulatory Blood Excretory Kidney Ureter Urine Bladder Urethra REPRODUCTIVE • What are the functions? •produce gametes •produce hormones •secondary sex characteristics • What other systems are involved? • Endocrine Reproductive Ovary Fallopian Tube Uterus Testes ENDOCRINE •What are the functions? -produce hormones -deliver chemical messages through the body •What other systems are involved? • nervous • circulatory Endocrine Hypothalamus Pituitary Thyroid Adrenal Pancreas Remember feedback loops? Hypothalamus (Brain) Production Stimulated Releasing hormone Releaseinhibiting hormone Thyroid stimulating hormone Thyroid Gland Low thyroid hormone level High thyroid hormone level Production Inhibited CIRCULATORY • What are the functions? - transport: -gases -fluids -waste products -nutrients -hormones • What other systems are involved? •Excretory •Respiratory •Endocrine Circulatory Capillary Aorta (Artery) Heart Vein RESPIRATORY • What are the functions? -exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the blood, air and tissues • What other systems are involved? • Circulatory Respiratory • Where does gas exchange take place? Alveoli Trachea Lungs Bronchi/ Bronchioles Diaphragm DIGESTIVE •What are the functions? •to break down food into smaller particles with the help of enzymes so it can be absorbed and used by cells. •What other systems are involved? •Circulatory •Nervous Salivary Glands Mouth Esophagus Digestive Stomach Liver Pancreas Small Intestine Large Intestine Rectum Digestive • What substances help break down the food that you eat? Compound Starch Enzyme Amylase ENZYMES Monomer Monosaccharide Lipids Bile/Lipase Fatty Acids/ Glycerol Proteins Protease Amino Acids Digestive •Follow the path of food during digestion. •Where is food mechanically digested? Chemically digested?