The Basics of
OHSAS 18001
Occupational Health &
Safety Management System
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This brief tutorial will cover:
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What is an OHSMS?
What is OHSAS 18001 & 18002?
Key OH&S Definitions
Why become OHSAS 18001 Registered?
Requirements of the Standard
Implementation Steps
Tools to help you achieve certification
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What is an OHSMS?
• OHSMS
– Occupational Health and Safety Management System
• OHSMS aims to continuously improve OHS
performance through the effective management of
OHS risks and activities in the workplace.
• It contains a set of plans, actions and procedures that
assist an organization to systematically manage health
and safety risk associated with their business.
• Many organizations are implementing an OHSMS to
help them manage risk, address legislation and to
protect their workforce.
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What is OHSAS 18001 & 18002?
• OHSAS 18001/18002:
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, published by the
British Standards Institute. (BSI)
– OHSAS 18001 specification gives requirements for an OHSMS
– OHSAS 18002 explains the requirements of the specification and
shows you how to work toward implementation and registration.
• It is not an ISO standard, but integrates well with
ISO 9001 (quality) and ISO 14001 (environment), and
applies to any organization.
• OHSAS 18001 does not state specific occupational health
and safety (OH&S) performance criteria. It sets a baseline
and implements continuous improvement.
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Why become OHSAS 18001 registered?
• Competent health & safety practices helps identify,
eliminate or minimize injury, illness or disease in the
workplace.
• Reduces the number and severity of injuries and claims
by systematically and effectively managing OHS risk –
often reducing costs.
• Gives a structured approach to managing OH&S
• Increased regulatory compliance
• Top management involvement
• Increased employee awareness & involvement
• Positive image with customers and other stakeholders
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Key OH&S Definitions
• Hazard – Anything with the potential to
cause harm, injury, illness or loss.
• Risk – A description of the likelihood and
consequence of a hazard causing injury or
illness.
• Risk assessment – The process of
determining the likelihood and consequence
of injury, disease or illness or damage arising
from exposure to a hazard.
• Risk control – Measures that eliminate or
reduce the risks associated with hazards.
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Overview of the Requirements
of the OHSAS 18001 Standard
Plan – Do – Check - Act
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OHSMS Risk Management Principles
1. Identify health and safety hazards in the workplace
that persons may be exposed to
2. Assess the hazards to determine the risk (likelihood
and consequence of injury or harm to a person)
resulting from such hazards
3. Control the hazard by considering means by which
the risk can be reduced and implement method to
eliminate or control that risk
4. Regularly review controls to make sure they remain
effective.
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Requirements: Summary
Key Requirements of OHSAS 18001:
• OH&S Policy Statement
• Planning
• Document, implement and maintain the
system.
• Checking and Corrective Action
• Management Review
• Continual Improvement
• OHSAS 18001 parallels ISO 14001 very
closely
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Requirements: General
Follow a Plan-Do-Check-Act approach.
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Plan - Establish the objectives and processes needed to deliver the
results (in line with the OHSMS).
Do - Implement the needed processes of the OHSMS.
Check - Check the processes against the policy, objectives, targets,
regulations, and report the results. (Auditing)
Act - Take actions that will continually improve the OHSMS.
ACT
CHECK
PLAN
DO
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Requirements (Plan): Management
• Top Management must be committed to and involved in
the design and implementation of the OHSMS.
• They will write the Health & Safety Policy and be
responsible for making sure it is communicated and
implemented.
• Many specific responsibilities are assigned to Top
Management to ensure their input and participation.
• After implementation Management will conduct
management review to ensure continued effectiveness
of the system.
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Requirements (Plan): Resources
• The OHSMS must clarify what resources,
human and physical are required to create safe
working environment & products or services.
• During development of the system you will
determine how to ensure competent personnel,
identify training that is required, and identify the
infrastructure and work environment required
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Requirements (Plan): Form OHSMS
• Your organization will need to plan all of the
processes that go into making your product to
ensure safe conditions.
• You will need to state of scope of the OHSMS
and clearly identify the products and define the
locations or sites that are part of the OHSMS.
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Requirements (Do):
Safety & Health Review
• An initial OH&S review will be needed.
• Perform an assessment of hazards and risks; as
well as their Impacts.
• Regulatory, legal and other requirements will
need to be identified.
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Requirements (Do): Create OHSMS
• OH&S programs with targets and objectives will need to
be established, implemented and evaluated on an
ongoing basis.
• Perform risk assessments suitable and create action
plans based upon results, including:
– Actions to be taken to maintain existing control measures
– Actions to introduce new control measures
– Actions to minimize risks that cannot be controlled.
• Emergency preparedness procedures will be required to
address potential accidents and emergencies.
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Requirements (Do): Create OHSMS
• A process will be needed for the Safety Team to
evaluate compliance to legal and other requirements.
• Measuring and monitoring equipment will need to be
controlled and calibrated.
• Monitoring the achievement of objectives
• Records to facilitate corrective and preventive actions
• Measuring and monitoring of product and process
characteristics that can have an impact on safety.
– qualitative and quantitative aspects
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Requirements (Check):
Control Nonconformities
• Emergency response procedures should address
– identifying potential for incidents and emergencies
– preventing and mitigating resultant illnesses and injuries
– responding to incidents and emergencies when they occur.
• Establish and document a system for controlling
nonconformities.
– When specified process limits are exceeded potentially unsafe
conditions must be identified, assessed, controlled and
dispositioned appropriately.
– Identify corrections and corrective actions to mitigate health &
safety risks and to eliminate the nonconformity and its cause.
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Requirements (Check):
Audit System and Control Records
• Establish the internal audit process.
- Train auditors, and plan internal audits to establish an
audit program that will determine if the OHSMS is
effective and current.
• Control the records associated with the OHSMS.
• Conduct regular management reviews to ensure
effectiveness of the OHSMS.
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Requirements (Act): Improve your OHSMS
• Continually improve the OHSMS through
the use of:
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Management reviews
Internal audits
Corrective actions
Analysis of data / results
Update the OHSMS
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OHSAS 18001 Implementation Steps
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Implementation Timeline
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You will need to develop an implementation
plan that covers:
1. Learn about the OHSAS 18001 Standard
2. Perform an OHSAS 18001 hazard/risk review &
gap analysis
3. OHSAS 18001 project timetable (sample on next page)
4. Train your organization on OHSAS 18001
5. Document your OHSMS according to 18001
6. Implement your OHSMS and conduct business
7. Audit your OHSMS
8. Registration Audit
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Implementation Timeline
OHSAS 18001:2007 OH&S TIMING CHART for :________________________________________ OHS REP: __________________________________
OH&S DEVELOPMENT TASKS
A. Preparation Phase-from Tasks 1-13
1
2
3
4-5
6-7
8-9
10-11
12
13
Train
Audit
14
15
16
Feb
Mar
Apr
2012
1. Describe your organization
. Decide on the management system
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Select OHS Management Rep+Steering team
7. Conduct OHS Team meetings
. Formulate OH&S Policy
. State Scope of the OH&S system
13. Assign improvement actions
B. Development Phase-from Tasks 14-23
14. Provide OH&S training - Exercise A - E
. Identify hazards -- Determine controls
. Identify legal and other requirements
. Identify OH&S. programs
. Manage implementation project
. Collect existing documents
. Do financial study - Costs vs Benefits
. Reconfirm OHSAS 18001 decision
23. Promote & practice teamwork
C. Implementation Phase-ref Tasks 24-28
24. Obtain / Review OHS Model/Template
. Draft OHS documentation - use Model
Approve OH&S Manual
Approve Procedures & Instructions
. Implement Procedures & Instructions
. Train auditors & conduct Internal Audit
28. Perform management review
D. Registration Phase-from Tasks 29-30
29. Select a registrar
Perform documentation review
Perform final Registration audit
30. Receive OH&S certificate / CELEBRATE !!
Significant Dates
Jan
2011
Feb
Mar
Ap-May Ju-Jul Au-Sep Oc-Nov Dec 11 Jan 12
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Implementation: Conduct the
OH&S Gap Analysis
1. You must determine your position with
regards to Health & Safety:
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Are there GAPS that need to be bridged?
What are they and where are they located?
How can they be improved?
Who will be taking corrective / preventive actions?
2. Your OH&S position needs to be analyzed
so that the GAPS can be bridged / closed.
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Implementation: Conduct the
OH&S Gap Analysis
3. Conduct a Gap Analysis – Complete a series
of assessments in the following order:
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Perform Initial Hazard Analysis
Perform Risk Assessment – Aspects/Impacts
Identify Legal and Other Requirements
Identify Health & Safety programs with objectives & targets
4. Based on the results of the assessments,
implement Improvement actions.
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Implementation: Form a Team
• Appoint a Management Representative
- This individual will be the OHSMS project manager.
• Assign an Health & Safety Team
– This team will be active in the design and development of the
OHSMS and participate in the on going operation of the
system.
• Assign a Management Team
- This team will be providing the direction and guidance for the
development and implementation of the OHSMS.
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Implementation: Form a Team
• The Management Team will act as a steering team for
the project, assigning responsibilities, providing
resources and coordinating the project.
– The Management Team can assign task teams to
work on specific processes that must be
designed and documented for the OHSMS.
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Implementation: Form a Team
• Each task team will evaluate the current process that
they are assigned to and the requirements of the
standard.
– A new or modified process will be developed,
documented and submitted to the Management
Team for review and approval.
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Implementation: Execute your plan
• After the task teams have designed and
documented a new or modified process, it
must be implemented.
• Train all employees that are involved in the
process
• When the required processes have been
implemented, start your internal audit
program and management review meetings.
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Implementation: Audit
• Use information / results from internal audits and
management review to make improvements to
the OHSMS.
• Run your system long enough to generate
records for the Registrar to audit.
• Train all employees on OHSAS 18001
• Have a Registrar conduct your Registration Audit.
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Tools to help your
implementation:
• The OHSAS 18001 Workbook
– This is a series of 30 detailed checklists, exercises
and instructions that take you through systematic
tasks for your organization to complete.
• OHSMS Manual, Procedures and Forms.
– Move your project along with our professionally
designed documentation.
– This package provides Microsoft Word templates
to use as a foundation for your OHSMS.
– Customize this OH&S Manual including
procedures, forms, and tables to save time and
ensure an efficient, effective system.
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