Section 1 : Storage System
Intelligent Storage Systems
Chapter 4
EMC Proven Professional
The #1 Certification Program in the information storage
and management industry
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Chapter Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to:
o Describe components of intelligent storage system
o List benefits of intelligent storage system
o Explain intelligent cache algorithms and protection
o Describe implementation of intelligent storage system
o High-end storage array
o Midrange storage array
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
What is an Intelligent Storage System
Intelligent Storage Systems are RAID arrays that are:
o Highly optimized for I/O processing
o Have large amounts of cache for improving I/O performance
o Have operating environments that provide:
o Intelligence for managing cache
o Array resource allocation
o Connectivity for heterogeneous hosts
o Advanced array based local and remote replication options
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Benefits of an Intelligent Storage System
Intelligent storage system provides several benefits over a
collection of disks in an array (JBOD) or even a RAID arrays:
o Increased capacity
o Improved performance
o Easier data management
o Improved data availability and protection
o Enhanced Business Continuity support
o Improved security and access control
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Components of an Intelligent Storage System
Intelligent Storage System
Host
Front End
Back End
Cache
Connectivity
FC SAN
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Physical Disks
Intelligent Storage System: Front End
Intelligent Storage System
Host
Front End
Back End
Cache
Connectivity
FC SAN
Ports
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Controllers
Physical Disks
Front End Command Queuing
A
D
C
B
A
D
I/O Requests
C
B
A
I/O Processing
Order
C
D
B
Front-End
Controller
Cylinders
Without Optimization (FIFO)
A
D
C
B
A
D
I/O Requests
B
C
A
I/O Processing
Order
Front-End
Controller
With command queuing
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
C
B
Cylinders
D
Intelligent Storage System: Cache
Intelligent Storage System
Front End
Host
Back End
Cache
Connectivity
FC SAN
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Physical Disks
Write Operation with Cache
Write-through Cache
Cache
Write
Request
Acknowledgement
Write-back
Cache
Write
Request
Acknowledgement
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Acknowledgement
Read Operation with Cache: ‘Hits’ and ‘Misses’
Data found in cache = ‘Hit’
Read
Request
Cache
No data found = ‘Miss’
Cache
Read
Request
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Cache Management: Algorithms
New Data
o Least Recently Used (LRU)
o Discards least recently used data
o Most Recently Used (MRU)
o Discards most recently used data
Oldest Data
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Cache Management: Watermarking
o Manage peak I/O requests “bursts” through flushing/de-staging
o Idle flushing, High Watermark flushing and Forced flushing
o For maximum performance:
o Provide headroom in write cache for I/O bursts
100 %
HWM
LWM
Idle flushing
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High watermark flushing
Forced flushing
Cache Data Protection
o Protecting cache data against failure:
o Cache mirroring
o Each write to the cache is held in two different memory locations on two
independent memory cards
o Cache vaulting
o Cache is exposed to the risk of uncommitted data loss due to power failure
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intelligent Storage System: Back End
Intelligent Storage System
Host
Front End
Back End
Physical Disks
Cache
Connectivity
FC SAN
Controllers
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Ports
Intelligent Storage System: Physical Disks
Intelligent Storage System
Host
Front End
Back End
Cache
Connectivity
FC SAN
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Physical Disks
What the Host Sees – RAID Sets and LUNs
Host 1
Intelligent Storage System
Front End
LUN 0
Connectivity
Back End
Cache
Physical Disks
LUN 0
FC SAN
LUN 1
LUN 1
Host 2
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
LUN Masking
o LUN masking is access control mechanism
o Process of masking LUNs from unauthorized access
o Implemented on storage arrays
o Storage group logical entity that contains one or more LUNs
and one host
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
ISS Implementation: High-end Storage Systems
o Also referred as Active-active arrays
o I/O’s are serviced through all the available
path
Active-Active Configuration
o Huge cache to service host I/Os
o Fault tolerance architecture
o Multiple front-end ports and support to
interface protocols
o High scalability
o Ability to handle large amounts of concurrent
I/Os
o Designed for large enterprises
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Active
Active
Host
Port
Port
Controller
B
o Large storage capacity
Controller
A
o Following are high-end array capabilities:
LUN
Storage
Array
Midrange Storage Systems
o Midrange array have two controllers, each
with cache, RAID controllers and disks drive
interfaces
o Designed for small and medium enterprises
o Less scalable as compared to high-end array
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Active
Port
Port
Passive
Host
Controller
A
o Host can perform I/Os to LUNs only through
active paths
o Other paths remain passive till active path
fails
Active-Passive Configuration
Controller
B
o Also referred as Active-passive arrays
LUN
Storage
Array
Chapter Summary
Key points covered in this chapter:
o Intelligent Storage Systems features
o Components of Intelligent Storage Systems
o Cache management algorithms
o Intelligent Storage System implementation
o High-end storage array
o Mid range storage array
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Concept in Practice: EMC CLARiiON
o Support for UltraFlex technology
o Scalable from up to 960 disks
o Supports flash drives
o Supports different types and sizes of drives, and
RAID types (0, 1, 1+0, 3, 5, 6)
o Supports up to 16 GB of available cache memory
per controller (Storage Processor)
o Enhances availability with non disruptive upgrade
and failover
o Ensures data protection through mirrored write
cache and cache vaulting
o Supports storage-based local and remote data
replication
o Through SnapView and MirrorView software
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
2009 CLARiiON Family
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
CLARiiON CX4:
The Proven Midrange Storage Solution
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
CLARiiON CX-4 Architecture
Storage Processor
Storage Processor
Multi-Core Processors
FC Module
CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU
FC Module
CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU
Multi-Core Processors
4 Gb/s Fibre Channel Front-End
CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU
FC Module
CLARiiON Messaging Interface (CMI)
CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU
FC Module
Multi-Lane PCI-Express Bridge Link
FC Module
FC Module
iSCSI Module
Power Supply
Memory
Fan
iSCSI Module
I/O Complex
CPU Module
4 Gb/s Fibre
SPS
4 Gb/s LCC
Fan
Fan
SPS
FC Module
Memory
Fan
Power Supply
4 Gb/s LCC
4 Gb/s LCC
4 Gb/s LCC
4 Gb/s LCC
4 Gb/s LCC
4 Gb/s LCC
4 Gb/s LCC
iSCSI Module
iSCSI Module
CPU Module
4 Gb/s Fibre
Channel Back-End
Channel Back-End
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
FC Module
I/O Complex
EMC Symmetrix
o Incrementally scalable to 2,400 disks
o Supports Flash-based solid-state drives
o Dynamic global cache memory (16 GB–512
GB)
o Advanced processing power (up to 130
PowerPC)
o Direct matrix Architecture
o High data processing bandwidth (up to 128
GB/s)
o Data protection with RAID 1, 1+0 (also known
as 10 for mainframe), 5, and 6
o Storage-based local and remote replication
o Through TimeFinder and SRDF software
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Additional Task
Research EMC Symmetrix V-Max
Direct Matrix Architecture
ESCON
host attach
Fibre Channel
host attach
FICON, GigE, iSCSI FICON, GigE, iSCSI FICON, GigE, iSCSI
host attach
host attach
host attach
ESCON Director
FC Director
Multi-Protocol CD
Multi-Protocol CD
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
FICON, GigE, iSCSI
host attach
Fibre Channel
host attach
ESCON
host attach
Multi-Protocol CD
Multi-Protocol CD
FC Director
ESCON Director
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Cntl
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Control and communications
Signals
64 GB
Memory
Environmental
control and
status signals
64 GB
Memory
64 GB
Memory
64 GB
Memory
64 GB
Memory
64 GB
Memory
64 GB
Memory
64 GB
Memory
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Control and communications
Signals
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Direct
Matrix
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
Cntl
FC (Back-End)
FC (Back-End)
FC (BE or FE)
FC (BE or FE)
FC (BE or FE)
FC (BE or FE)
FC (Back-End)
FC (Back-End)
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Symmetrix
Fibre Channel
disk devices
Symmetrix
Fibre Channel
disk devices
Fibre Channel
back-end
director *
Power supplies
Service
Processor
Modem
UPS
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Fibre Channel
back-end
director *
Fibre Channel
back-end
director *
Fibre Channel
back-end
director *
Battery backup
Unit Modules
Symmetrix
Fibre Channel
disk devices
Cooling
Symmetrix
Fibre Channel
disk devices
Environmental
control and
status signals
External Links
o EMC Clariion Family
o Combine midrange networked storage with innovative technology and
robust software capabilities to manage and consolidate your data.
o http://www.emc.com/products/family/celerra-family.htm
o EMC Symmetrix Family
o Featuring new EMC Symmetrix V-Max, which leverages the EMC
Symmetrix Virtual Matrix Architecture to deliver unprecedented levels of
scalability and efficiency.
o http://www.emc.com/products/family/symmetrix-family.htm
© 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
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company
For more information visit
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