“Special Programme for Strengthening SPS
Facilities and Quality Inspection Services in
Compliance with WTO - Establishment of
An Integrated National Animal and
Plant
Health Inspection Service”
[NAPHIS]
Presented by::
Mr. Itrat Rasool Malhi
Plant Specialist
Ministry of Food & Agriculture,
Government of Pakistan
28th March, 2011
Composition of Agriculture Sector in
Pakistan
GDP Share 21%


Livestock
Crops



(52%)
(45.4%)
Major ( wheat, cotton, sugarcane, rice)
(34.0%)
Minor ( pulses , fruits & vegetables ,oil seeds) (11.4%)
Forestry
* Source: Agricultural Statistics (2009)
(1.0%)
Pakistan’s Agricultural Profile:
Minor crops including horticulture commodities
contribute 12% of the countries agricultural GDP.
Area under Production:
Area Hectares
Quantity (Tons 000)
All Vegetables
252.9
3213.9
All Fruits
857.1
7051.5
Export of Fruit and Vegetables
Quantity
(000 Tons)
Value
(Rs. in Million)
Fruit and Vegetable
Juices
15.6
1254.5
Fruit
465.9
12313.6
Vegetables
424.8
5785.3
Quality Issues
Non-Compliance with Food Safety / Quality Standards in Trade.

Frequent rejections of agro based export
consignments resulting into huge loses of foreign
exchange earnings.

Imposition of ban on exports due to non compliance of
SPS standards.

Lack of SPS management capacity.

Acts/laws/quality standards outdated.

inadequate SPS management /inspection and quality
certification system.
Central Problem
 Non compliant products are consigned to
markets due to a systematic failure of SPS
management system.
CONFISCATION OF PAKISTAN’S EXPORT CONSIGNMENTS BY EU
Importing Country
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-2010
Total
2010-11
Up to Feb., 2011
1
UK
8
2
6
20
6
8
4
60
2
Greece
2
-
6
4
1
3
5
22
3
Italy
2
3
1
3
1
4
-
14
4
Lithuania
-
-
-
13
-
-
-
13
5
Germany
1
4
1
-
1
1
3
11
6
Spain
1
-
-
1
2
1
-
5
7
Norway
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
4
8
Poland
-
-
2
1
-
1
-
4
9
Netherlands
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
3
10
France
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
11
Sweden
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
2
12
Belgium
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
13
Austria
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
2
14
Denmark
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
2
15
Switzerland
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
16
Taiwan
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
17
UAE
-
1
-
-
1
18
USA
1
Total:
17
11
22
42
14
24
21
151
CONFISCATION OF EXPORTS BY TYPE OF
CONTAMINATION (EU)
Export Consignments
Contamination
Confiscated
Consignment
No.
% Share
i.
Curry Powder, Red Chilli, Spicy
Peanuts, Nuts, Sweet Almond Kernels,
Basmati Rice, Peanut Snacks, Peanuts,
Peanuts Brittle, Halwa, Almond.
Biological Hazards - MycotoxinsAflatoxin
73
48%
ii.
Biriani Spices, Masala Mix, Achar
Masala
Spices,
Imlee
Sauce,
Vegetables Chilli, Spicy Mixture of meat
in Rice, Red Chilli Powder, Haldi,
Pickled Garlic, Tandoori Masala Mix,
Nihari Masala Mix. Mangos, Mango
beverages.
Biological hazards – Bacterial and
parasitic)
Enterobacteriaceae
&
Bacillus cereus, Salmonella Edinburg,
Moulds in Almonds, Unsuitable
Organoleptic Infestation of Insects
and Larvae of Insects, Fruit fly
triazophos.
14
09 %
iii.
Chilli Pickle, Canned Vegetables, Bitter
Apricot, Carrot, Kernels (Wild) Sesamic
Seeds, Chilli Powder, Almonds, Broken
Brown Rice, Shrimps, Sheep casing
Rice, Rice spices mix, curry masala,
dried morels, sweets and mango
squash, sweet fennel seeds.
Chemical hazards (Food
adhesive – (acids, colour and Toxin)
Erucic Acid, Hydrocyanic Acid, E-210,
Benzoic Acid, Colour Sudan 1,3,4 &
colour E-110, 102, 129 ,lead sulphite,
tetrazine, Rhoda-mine-B, orange II,
Chloramphenicol, Quinolones
64
41 %
151
100 %
Total:
Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement

The agreement on application of SPS measures sets out the basic
rules for food safety and animal and plant health standards.

It allows countries to set their own standards which must be
based on science.

They should be applied only to the extent necessary to protect
human, animal or plant health or life.

They should not be arbitrary or unjustifiably discriminated
between countries.

Member countries are encouraged to use international
standards, guidelines and recommendation, where they
exists.

Basic aim of SPS agreement is to maintain sovereign right of any
government to protect the level of health.
International Standards

SPS agreement encourages government to establish
national SPS measure consistent with international
standards, guidelines and recommendations –
process with harmonization.

WTO itself does not and will not develop
standards,
however,
most
WTO
member
governments participate in development of standards
by international bodies.
Harmonization of Standards are based on:
Codex Alimentarius Commission, OIE and IPPC.
Import and Export Inspection and Certification System:

The guidelines include application of standards
in international trade regulatory measures by
government to protect consumers against food
borne hazards.
Existing Legal Frameworks of NAPHIS Line
Departments
S.
No.
Name of Legislation
Administering
Department
1.
The Pakistan Animal Quarantine
(Import and Export of Animal and
Animal Products) Ordinance, 1978
(XLIX of 1979)
AQD
2.
The Pakistan Plant Quarantine Act,
1976 (LXXV of 1976)
The Agricultural Produce (Grading
and Marking ) Act, 1937 (I of 1937)
The Seed Act, 1976 (XXIX of 1976)
DPP
3.
4.
DALPMG
FSC & RD
5.
The Pakistan Fish Inspection and Quality
Control Act, 1997 (XXXV of 1997)
MFD
6.
The Exclusive Fisheries Zone (Regulation
and Fishing) Act, 1975 (XXXII of 1975)
MFD
7.
No law.
NVL
8.
No law.
GQTL
SPS Conditions in Horticulture Products

Pesticide residue contamination at an alarming level.

Concern of fruit fly.

Spray frequency is co-related with market prices of the
commodities.

Recommended harvest intervals are mostly ignored.

Storage conditions in adequate giving rise to high
aflatoxin.

Standards of quality not applied.
level of
NAPHIS Vision

MINFA has initiated a project namely; Special
Programme for Strengthening SPS facilities and Quality
Inspection Services in compliance with WTO.

To establish NAPHIS as an internationally accepted
agency to regulate SPS/TBT issues in Pakistan.
NAPHIS - FACE TO SPS ISSUES

Institutionalize NAPHIS as a permanent Regulatory
Body dealing with all aspects of SPS / TBT issues.

Strengthen SPS Management Capacity through
NAPHIS to Regulate Food Safety and agricultural
related issues associated with imports.

Ensure coordination between various departts and
remove resource and scientific & infrastructural
constraints.

Monitor / evaluate workings of affiliated line
departments.
Project Executing Components / Related Bodies
GQTL
DPP
MINFA
NAPHIS
FSC & RD
AQD
NVL
MFD
DALPMG
Other Related Agencies:
(a) Local: MOC, MOH, MLDD/LDDB, Provincial Departts / PNAC , PSQCA
etc.
(b) Foreign: Codex Alimentarius Commission, FAO, WHO, APHIS / USDA,
UNIDO, WTO and Foreign Trading Partners.
(c) Technical Organization Support: Afghan – Pak – US Trilateral
Consultations.
Overlapping in Administration of SPS/TBT
Issues
 SPS/TBT Related Agencies
GOP
MOST
PNAC
MOC
PSQCA
PHDEC
MOH
Provinces
DAH
MINFA
PFL
WAY FORWARD
General Requirements for SPS Controls:
 Legislation (institutional, powers, technical
conditions).

Competent authority – organizational structure.

Human resource, risk management, risk assessment
or technical inspection skills.

Testing and reference laboratories.

Implementation (resources, political will).
Specific Requirements for SPS Control

Control of plant health requirements (pest monitoring,
reporting, control measures or plant quarantine,
certification.

Control system for plant protection (pesticides,
establishing residue levels or residue monitoring.

Control of post harvest, storage and processing
conditions (risk assessment, inspection).
Implementation of Trade Policy Initiatives.

Trade Policy 2008-09 under export quality and
standards directed that a system of voluntary preshipment inspection and sampling of agro-based
products for exports to be introduced. Ministry of
Commerce in consultations with Ministry of Food
& Agriculture (MinFA) and Ministry of Science and
Technology (MoST) notify concerned products and
accredited labs.

Trade Policy 2009-10 decision on PakGAP standards
initially for 5 major horticulture items may be worked
out by MoST in consultation with MinFA and
implemented by MinFA in collaboration with Pakistan
Horticulture Development and Export Company
(PHDEC).

Revival of system of grading and quality certification
of agricultural products under Agricultural
Produce (Grading & Marking) Act to be revised.

Establishment of NAPHIS as a sole regulatory
body for food safety, plant and animal health and
SPS management.

Introduction of quality certification by PSQCA of
all processed food and food products meant for
export / import by Pakistan Standards and Quality
Control Authority (PSQCA).