Ahmet, Sumra, Laura, Dragana
 Between
1750 and 1850, more and more
Western Europeans were employed in
cottage industry and factory production.
Analyze how these two types of
employment affected employeremployee relations, working conditions,
family relations, and the standard of
living during this period.
 In
order to answer the question, you need
to have knowledge of the cottage
industry and factory production during
the time period. You would then need to
explain how these jobs affected the
aspects of European life listed
(employer-employee relations, working
conditions, family relations, and the
standard of living.
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1764- Richard Arkwright created the “Water Frame” to produce yarn
faster and to the correct even thickness.
1765- James Hargreaves invents the Spinning Jenny, which allowed
factories to have 8 spools spun at once rather one per person.
1769- James Watt patens the “Steam Engine” which makes transport easier
and leads to innovation.
1779- Samuel Crompton makes the “Crompton’s Mule by combining the
“Spinning Jenny” and the “Water Frame” to produce large amounts of fine
but strong string.
1793- Eli Whitney develops his “Cotton Gin”, a device to clear raw
cotton, to make manufacturing less time consuming.
1801- Jacquard creates the “Jacquard Loom” which simplifies the process
of manufacturing textiles.
1811- Luddit Riots broke out where workers attacked the factories and
smashed machines because of poor conditions.
1830- 50% of British exports were cotton fabrics which lead to innovation
and industrialization.
1833- “Factory Act "regulates child labor in mills and factories.
1844- A second Factory Act restricts child labor in factories to 6.5 hours a
day.
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During the Industrial Revolution, society changed
and became more modern by families leaving their
homes in rural areas and moving into urban areas in
hopes of prosperity leading to less family values,
being more involved in society, and more modern
day employer-employee relations.
• Mothers had jobs and took care of children- the idea of
housewives started becoming less prominent and women
started sharing the role of the breadwinner
• Children started working long hours and were not treated well,
were overworked, and underpaid
• Family members in general became much more independent
and did not emphasize family values as much as before. Young
adults began being able to leave home and explore paths in
the city/ have their own careers
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Cottage industry lacked any employee-employer relations because of how the system was based.
However, in factory production, there was a boss and an employee, so the employer-employee
relations were dependent on how the employer treated the employee and working conditions.
Cottage industry was a long process and could take months or years to produce products, however
they were more comfortable working conditions.In factories, working conditions are horrible, but
products were finished much faster to get to people demanding them. Lots of products that were not
need were made which led to consumerism.
Good working conditions in cottage industry because people working in their own homes, based on a
“family” system. Cottage industry was more rural while factories took place in urban settings, and had
dangerous and impersonal settings.
Women began to work in factories, along with children. Children operated dangerous, heavy
machinery and were used to crawl into small spots to fix machines. Factories had no rights for workers
and gave them bad working conditions/environment. People continued to work because they had to.
Cotton industry demonstrated the Old Regime and didn’t cause anyone to move forward. It was
traditional work. Factories introduced new machinery and developed the relationship between boss
and employee, moving to modern times.
Cottage industry had people work at home, many people had jobs farming as well as in the cottage
industry. Factories had many new technological advances, however people had to work at factories,
sometimes for 12 hours at a time and didn’t have time for much else.
People saw their families less because they were working so much. It was expensive for many families
so they had to work at all day to provide for their family. Less traditional family values, and step
towards modern family life.
Cities became very dirty and overcrowded due to the migration from rural areas to urban. People had
to movie in order to be close to factories. This led to lots of disease, famine, and sickness among the
population.