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Labor Unions [ley-ber] [yoon-yuhn]– a labor organization usually consisting of workers of the same trade that is formed for the purpose of advancing its members' interests in respect to wages, benefits, and working conditions
Collective Bargaining [kuh-lek-tiv] [bahr-guhn]- the process by which wages, hours, rules, and working conditions are negotiated and agreed upon by a union with an employer for all the employees
Political Activism – [puh-lit-i-kuhl] [ak-tuh-viz-uhm] the action to bring about political change. The use of voting to help your cause.
Welfare - [wel-fair] financial or other assistance to an individual or family from a city, state, or national government

Problems During the Industrial
Revolution
A. Child Labor – young children often worked in coalmines & factories because of their size.
- this led to serious injuries & death
Solutions to Industrial Revolution
Problems
A. Organized Labor Unions -
B. Overcrowded Cities – As factories opened, urban (city) population increased
B. Political Activism -
C. Pollution – factories burned coal which polluted the air & water around the cities.
-this led to respiratory diseases like asthma & emphysema
C. Social Welfare Programs -
D. Loss of Jobs for Skilled Workers –
Craftsmen, like Blacksmiths were replaced by machines & were forced to take low paying factory jobs

Problems During the Industrial
Revolution
A. Child Labor – young children often worked in coalmines & factories because of their size.
- this led to serious injuries & death
Solutions to Industrial Revolution
Problems
A. Organized Labor Unions – workers collectively bargained to improve pay & working conditions
B. Overcrowded Cities – As factories opened, urban (city) population increased
C. Pollution – factories burned coal which polluted the air & water around the cities.
-this led to respiratory diseases like asthma & emphysema
B. Political Activism – workers voted for candidates who promised to improve conditions.
Ex: shorter work day – 8 – 10 hours
C. Social Welfare Programs – nations began offering workers assistance such as
Unemployment Benefits & disability payments
D. Loss of Jobs for Skilled Workers –
Craftsmen, like Blacksmiths were replaced by machines & were forced to take low paying factory jobs

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