The Industrial
Revolution
Industrial Revolution
• Begins in Britain in the 1700’s.
• Then spreads to Europe and
the USA.
Why Britain?
• Farmland + Weather = food
supply.
– Increase in Population
Increased Population
• Lots of people in the country
who need jobs!
– Labor force
In order to employ
people…
• You need money (capital) to
start a business.
– Britain had people with $ to
invest in businesses.
Natural Resources
Natural Resources are needed to
produce goods.
• Britain has an abundance of
natural resources including:
– Coal, cotton, and iron
Factories
Assembly line
instructions
• A- Wheels- Black
• B- Hood/top- Green
• C- Doors- Blue
• D- Windows- Yellow
• E- Headlights- Red
• F- Side Mirrors/
Branding(FAUST) - Purple
Why did we need
factories?
• Factories mass produce goods.
• They are located in the cities.
• They employ immigrants
– Mostly women and children
• Conditions:
Capital
• Wealth in the form of money or
other assets owned by a person or
organization or available or
contributed for a particular purpose
such as starting a company or
investing.
• Translation: money that is available
for you to start a business.
Entrepreneurs
• People who start businesses.
Cottage Industry
•
An industry where the creation of
products and services is homebased, rather than factory-based.
• Make your own thread, and cloth,
and clothes in your house!
• Meaning: no malls, grocery stores,
or Walmarts!
Cotton Gin
• Eli Whitney 1792
Cleans seeds out of cotton.
Spinning Jenny
• James Hargreaves, 1764
• Spins cotton into thread.
Flying Shuttle
• John Kay, 1733
• Weaves large pieces of cloth
Steam Engine
• James Watt, 1785
• Steam engine powers other
machines.
Power Loom
• Edmund Cartwright 1785
• Weaves cloth-steam powered!
Robert Fulton
• Clermont, 1807
• Steamboat
Industrial Cities
• For each picture, you should
write down:
• 1. What you see in the picture
i.e.- I see an apartment
building.
• 2. What you think the image
shows about an industrial city.
– i.e- that means the city is
overcrowded.
Socialism
• Believes that gov’t should run
businesses.
• Factory workers believe in
socialism.
• They want:
Capitalism
• Believes in Laissez-Faire- that
businesses should operate
without gov’t interference.
• Business owners believe in
capitalism.
• Does not want: