Boeing Commercial Crew
Transportation System
Keith Reiley
Boeing
Commercial Crew DPM
FISO Telecon
February 6, 2013
Content
• CSTS Overview
• Operations Concept
• Vehicle Features
• CCDev2 and CCiCap
Progress
• Development Schedule
Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Boeing Brings History of Human Space
Flight & Commercial Airplanes Together
Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Commercial Crew
Transportation System (CCTS)
• Complete transportation
system
– Commercial Crew Vehicle
– Launch Vehicle
– Ground Operations
– Mission Operations
– Recovery
• Design objectives dictate
uncomplicated systems and
proven components
– Safe and reliable
– Low development risk
– Low recurring cost
• Compatible with a variety of
launch vehicles
– Have down selected to Atlas V
for initial flight tests and
verification
Boeing CST-100
Partners & Subs
Bigelow Aerospace
PWR
General Dynamics
Airborne Systems
Spincraft
• Operational in 2016
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4
Concept of Operations
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5
Spacecraft Segment (CST-100)
Ascent Cover
Forward Window
Side Hatch
Crew
Module
Umbilical
CM SM
Service
Module
Radiators
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Thruster
Doghouse
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Launch Abort System
• Provides abort capability from the launch pad
through Earth-orbit insertion, protecting against:
– Complete or partial loss of ascent
Bantam Engine
thrust/propulsion
– Loss of attitude or flight path control
–Time-critical system failures
Launch Abort Engine Test Firing
No “Black Zones”
OMAC RCS Engine Test Firing
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7
CST-100 Key Design Features
Crew of Seven or
Combination of Crew and Cargo
Reusable Crew Module (CM)
Expendable Service Module (SM)
Liquid Propellant
Launch Abort System
Land Landing on Airbags
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CM Internal Layout
Landing
Attenuation
Seat Struts
Avionics and Software
Integration lab
ECLSS
Crew/Cargo
Accommodations
Control Panel
Layouts
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9
CST-100 Design Evolution
IDR-1
IDR-2
IDR-3
ISR
SDR
PDR
IDR-4
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10
Landing Opportunities
Nominal returns
to WSMR
Edwards AFB
available for additional
landing opportunities
Emergency
water landing
opportunities
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11
CST-100 CCDev Design
Landing Drop Tests
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12
CM/SM Assembly in KSC OPF-3
Fueling Operations Before Flight
Base Heat Shield Installation
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13
CCiCap Base Period
Major Milestones 2013-2014
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14
CCTS Design Maturation Under
CCiCap Aug. 2012 through Jan. 2013
 Integrated System Review
– Established and demonstrated CCTS Vehicle and operations that meets
system requirements
 Production Design Review
– Established the baseline plan, equipment and infrastructure for performing
the manufacture, assembly and acceptance testing of the CST-100
– Leveraged successful and extensive Boeing Commercial production
practices
 Phase 1 Safety Review Board
– Conducted a comprehensive safety review to access conformance with
NASA’s Crew Transportation System certification process
– Focused on hazard reports, cause descriptions and controls
 CST-100 Interior Layout Evaluation
– Completed three-day evaluation with NASA astronauts on reach and
visibility of controls/displays
– Received feedback on the design of the crew seats, interior lighting, and
optimum layout for Crew Resource Management
 Software Engineering Release 2.0
– Initial release of flight software
 Landing & Recovery/Ground Comm. Design Review
– Preliminary design of ground and communications architecture
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CCTS Design Maturation
Under CCiCap 2013 Milestones
Boeing’s CCTS 2013 Plan:
– Continue system design maturation – multiple
demonstrations
– CST-100, Atlas V integration and Launch Pad Modifications
– Mission Control demonstrations
– Continued re-development of the ULA Dual Engine Centaur
– Launch Vehicle Adapter PDR & CDR
– Continued development of KSC OPF-3
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CCiCap Risk Reduction
Demonstrations
•
•
•
•
Phase II Wind Tunnel Tests
OMAC Engine Development Test
LV EDS Test
DEC Liquid Oxygen Duct Development
Test
• Avionics and Software Multi-string
Demonstration Test
• Pilot-in-the-Loop Demonstrations
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Full Crew Transportation
Capability by 2016
• CST-100 takes
advantage of heritage
hardware to reduce
schedule risk
– Orbital Express
demonstrated AR&D
– Apollo heritage
parachute system
– Abort system using
existing components
– Avcoat from Apollo
– Delta-based spin formed
structures
– Airbag landing system
from Boeing CEV/Orion
2010
SDR
2011
2012
PDR
CCDev
CCDev-2
2014
2015
2016
CDR
Structural Test Article
Pad Abort Test
CCiCap
Orbital Flight Test
(uncrewed)
Two-Crew Flight Test
Air Bag System
Integrated AR&D System
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2013
Apollo/Orion
Heritage
Avcoat
SM Abort Engine
Heritage
Parachute
System
Weldless
Structure
Simple, Passive
Life Support
Systems
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Boeing Commercial Crew
Summary
• Significant Progress to date under
CCDev, CCDev-2, and CCiCap
– All milestones completed to plan
– Critical Design Review in Apr, 2014
• Low Risk, Low Cost Development
– Simple systems
– Existing technologies
– Proven launch vehicles
– NASA’s acquisition approach caps
costs through firm milestone values
– Demonstrated commercial
development approach with NASA
involvement
• Low Operational Costs
– Leveraging Boeing’s commercial
aircraft experience
– Multiple mission capsule
Reliable, Safe Transportation Soon
Affordable Access to LEO Enables Exploration Beyond LEO
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