International Guidelines to ensure quality
and safety of farmed fish
Iddya Karunasagar
Products, Trade and Marketing service
Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
FAO, Rome, Italy
Supply/demand of fish
Trends in fish supplies
Fish supply-demand gaps
S-D gap
(mt)
Africa
Supply
2030
Demand
2030
S-D gap
2030
11.7
18.7
-7.0
156.5
186.3
-29.8
Europe
18.6
23.4
-4.8
L.A. & C.
16.2
18.3
-2.1
Northern A.
6.2
12.9
-6.6
Oceania
1.5
1.8
-0.3
210.7
261.2
-50.6
Asia
World
Source: Estimation of FI Department
 Per capita fish demand in
2020 estimated based on
assumptions:
–GDP per capita projection by
IMF
–Prices unchanged
–Preference unchanged
 Total fish demand in 2030
estimated based on:
–Estimated per capita demand
in 2020.
–UN population projection in
2030.
–Non-food fish demand
unchanged
 Results:
–Supply < Demand
•51 mt shortage
–S-D gaps decline in all regions
•Largest insufficiency in
Asia
Consumer concerns
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•
•
•
•
Food safety
Sustainability of supplies
Environmental impact of the system
Animal welfare
Socioeconomic issues
Source:
Outbreak Alert
Report, CSPI,
USA.
Source: Outbreak Alert Report, CSPI, USA
Source: EFSA report
Source: EFSA Report
Source: EFSA Report
MARKET ACCESS REQUIREMENTS
• International agreements: World Trade
Organisation- Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS)
Agreement; Techinical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
• National and regional regulatory requirements: eg
EU Regulations, US FDA requirements
• Requirements of large retailer chains: eg various
certifications
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS
COMMISSION
The Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards
Programme
Since 1962
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC STANDARDS
•
•
•
•
•
Standard setting (Codex Alimentarius Commission)
Adoption (National Governments)
Implementation (Government agencies)
Conformity assessments (public/private agencies)
Enforcement (Government agencies)
CODEX
ALIMENTARIUS
COMMISSION
Risk assessment questions
FAO/WHO
Microbiological
issues
JEMRA
Chemicals,
Residues of Vet
drugs
JECFA
Pesticides
JMPR
Reports of risk assessments, JECFA, JMPR evaluations
Procedure followed for development of FAO
Technical Guidelines
Expert consultations
Technical consultation with Member Governments
Approval by the Sub-Committee on Fish Trade/Aquaculture
Approval by the FAO Committee on Fisheries
FAO Technical Guidelines for Aquaculture
Certification
• Minimum substantive criteria
– Animal Health and Welfare (reference to OIE Guidelines for animal
health)
– Food Safety
– Environmental integrity
– Socioeconomic aspects
• Institutional and procedural requirements
–
–
–
–
Governance
Standard setting
Accreditation
Certification
Summary and conclusions
• Aquaculture is essential to meet the food requirements of the
world population
• International guidelines exist to ensure that aquaculture
operations are performed to ensure food safety, sustainability,
minimisation of environmental impact, animal health and
welfare, and address socioeconomic concerns
THANK YOU