INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
(INRM) APPROACH
FOR
INTEGRATED
NATURAL
RESOURCE
CONVERGENCE IN
MANAGEMENT
(INRM)
UNDER
MGNREGS
MGNREGA
DR. NITIN. B. JAWALE, IAS
DIRECTOR SPECIAL PROJECTS,
ODISHA
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
The highland region of Orissa
Covers more than three-fourth of state
Undulating topography, poor soil
Good rain but frequent dry spells, high runoff
Low irrigation
High BPL and ST/SC population
Low population density, urbanization and female literacy
Subsistence agriculture, paddy: major crop, low productivity, lack of food
sufficiency
Livestock for draught power and buffer
Forest based livelihoods and low return wage employment
Considerable work participation of women as compared to male members
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Vicious
poverty
Viciouscycle
cycleof
of poverty
Low
productivity
Traditional
agriculture
Poor
husbandry
Poverty
Resource
degradation
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
INRM APPROACH OF
CONVERGENCE TO MGNREGS
• “A conscious process of incorporating multiple
aspects of natural resource use into a system of
sustainable management to meet explicit
production goals of farmers and other land users
as well as goals of the wider community”
• An approach for rational utilization of land,
water and forest as an integrated system to
achieve and sustain potential agricultural
productivity
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
A typical village in the highlands of
Odisha
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
MGNREGA&&INRM
INRM
MGNREGA
Recognizes right to work as fundamental to leading a life of dignity
INRM measures are included in the permissible works under MGNREGA
Generates sufficient employment in the village and can provide Rs 60,00070,000 per year to a family
Potential to transform people from wage employment to self employment
Being labour intensive it looks to be a right approach under MGNREGA for
poverty reduction in HIGHLANDS
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
PLAN
& &STRATEGY
PLAN
STRATEGY
Educating & organizing community about MGNREGA and INRM
Helping them prepare village development plan for livelihood enhancement
Encouraging them to attend pallisabha and demand for its execution
Simultaneously sensitizing officials
Enhancing the capability of NREGA implementers on INRM measures and together
designing people friendly systems
Training GSs to help community prepare and implement INRM plans
Orientation of NGOs
Enhancing the income of villagers through efficient land use and improved agriculture
activities
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Systematicapproach
approach in
Systematic
inKandhamal
Kandhamal
•Allocation of villages to selected NGOs
• Allocation of villages to selected NGOs
••Placement
Placement
teams
by NGOs
of of
teams
by NGOs
• Allocation of GS by govt
•Allocation of GS by govt
• Baseline survey (village level and household
level) survey (village level and household level)
•Baseline
• Fortnightly review at block level and monthly
•Fortnightly
block level and monthly review
review atreview
districtatlevel
at district level
• Indicators for assessment
•Indicators for assessment
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Village level planning
The plans for village Ballisuga of Kandhamal district:
Demands for ponds, 30X40 model with plantation, land leveling,
dugwell, gully plugs
Requires Rs 16,49,528, 78% of which is labour cost
Generates 14,253 labour-days of employment
Can engage 86 households of the village for two years
Our experience suggests that an investment @ Rs
18,000/- per ha is required (at minimum wage Rs 90/-) for
comprehensive land and water resource development,
where nearly 80% is towards wages
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
COMMUNITY BASED RESOURCE MAPPING
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
A Coherent Approach to Change
Govt.
Enabling
Environment for
people
Strategy
NGOs
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Visualized goals
• Reduced dependency on unskilled labor
• Reduced uncertainty in and increased
returns from agriculture
• Sustainable and remunerative use of land
and water resources
• Pallisabha is in charge of planning,
execution and monitoring
• Improved quality of life for rural
community
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Role of NGOs
• Beyond watchdog
• Educating community and motivating them to
act
• Focusing on both employment as well as asset
creation
• Showing the way for addressing people’s
issues
• Sensitization of govt officials
• Jointly smoothen process in the interest of
people
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Govt role & support to NGO
• Recognizing NGOs’ role and legitimizing it
with proper guideline
• Selection of experienced NGOs
• Clear-cut procedure for inclusion of activity
in shelf of projects, approval of people’s
plans, their execution, measurement,
timely payment and closure
• Regular review mechanism for timely
redressal of issues
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Indicators
• Job cards to all interested households
• Bank/PO account for all the registered
households
• 100 days of employment to all interested
• Capacity building of GS
• Protection of kharif crops against drought
• Increase in area under second crop
• Increased coverage under plantation
• Reduction in distressed migration
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Possible interventions
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Implementation flowchart
flowchart
Implementation
PRADAN
NGO
Village
committee
prepares plans
with GS’s help
Pallisabha
approves
and
submits
with GP
JE/AE/EE &
BDO
approve
Work starts
Work
order
issued to
GS
MR
issued to
GS
Measurem
ent by JE
Bill
preparation,
MR submission
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Payment
through
bank/PO
Activities
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
WATER HARVESTING TANK
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Horticulture
• Fruit tree plantation: Rs 46,500/- per ha, 63% labour, 221 pds
• Timber plantation: Rs 33,000/- per ha, 66% labour component, 175 pds
• Grassland dev: Rs 4,100/- per ha, 66% labour component, 30pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Staggered Trench
Rs 16,000/- per ha, 171 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Gully Plugging
Rs 6,000/- per plug, 25% labour component, 16 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
30-40 with Plantation
Rs 9,000/- per ha, 90 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Land Levelling & Bunding
Rs 20,000/- per ha, 210pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Low land tank
Rs 5,500/- per tank, 89pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
WHT (5% model)
Sarabani Patra had
10months food
security from 2
acres of land. She
constructed a WHT
(25X25X8ft) and did
SRI. She got 4.8q in
place of 2.5q.
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Land leveling
Kunimani patra has
5 acres of
agricultural land but
could only use 3
acres. She levelled
0.75 acre of unused
land and got 6q of
paddy
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
30-40 model
Sapita dandia treated 50d of
her land with 30-40 model and
constructed a well. She started
cultivating Potato, Brinjal,
Bitter-gourd, Tomato, Beans
and Pea and earned Rs
68,000. She purchased land,
got her daughter married and
repaid the loans.
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Changing cropping practices
SL No
Verity crops& SRI Before
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
1
SRI
0
15
40
60
2
Brinjal
3
8
15
25
3
Tomato
2
6
11
20
4
Potato
4
9
20
35
5
Pea
3
5
30
45
6
Beans
0
4
10
15
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Change of income
70000
60000
50000
40000
Before
After
30000
20000
10000
0
Poor
Middle
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Well off
5% Model
• Rs 38,000/- per ha, 400 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Other benefits
• 33 families completed 100 days’
employment
• 72 families got more than 80 days’
employment
• Migration is zero
• 6 families could meet the expenses of
their daughters’ marriages without loans
• Image of village has changed
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN
Thanks
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN