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Eskom’s contribution to
the solar park initiative
28-29 October 2010
Presentation to Investors Conference
Upington, South Africa
Profile of Eskom
• One of World’s largest utilities
• Employs 39 000 employees
• Sales: 218 591 GWh
• Over 4.46 million customers
• Generates 95% of South Africa’s
electricity and (45% Africa)
• Generation – 26 power stations,
total installed capacity of 44 175 MW
• 379,651 kilometres of power lines of
all voltages
2015/04/08
2
The global challenge: To sustain growth and
prosperity
South Africa 1994 - 2008 growth
64%
14%
Real GDP
Power capacity
(~5 000 MW)
How do we
keep the
lights on and
move to a
cleaner
future?
This requires vast investments in power generation
capacity; affordable and universal access to
electricity; move to a cleaner future
2015/04/08
3
Eskom vision for SADC – 2030
KENYA
GEO-THERMAL
GABON
DR CONGO
TANZANIA
ANGOLA
ZAMBIA
NAMIBIA
BOTSWANA
SUPER GRID
SOLAR
SWAZILAND
4
Overview
• Eskom’s strategic priority to transition to a cleaner energy mix for South
Africa based primarily on nuclear and solar energy
• Partnering for sustainable electricity supply over the next 7 years and the
future
• Support and welcome the development of the solar park and are
committed to working together with stakeholders on the park concept and
other renewable energy projects
• Ten year research programme – in excess of R100 million spent, current
projects in wind, solar, underground coal gasification, ocean technologies
and demand reduction programmes such as CFL roll-outs and solar
geyser programmes
• Studies underway on renewable integration into national transmission
grid
• Transmission lines will be phased-in to transport 1100 MW from the Solar
Park by 2016, starting with 150 MW in 2012
5
Eskom will reduce its carbon footprint
Eskom will target the following:
• Become the lead partner in the roll-out of South Africa’s
nuclear generation programme.
• In partnership, become the solar market leader in the region.
• In partnership, take a light role in wind power generation to
ensure that IPPs play a significant role in this sector.
• Actively drive demand side management
• Making coal-based generation cleaner
6
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Access to the
Transmission Grid
Pre-feasibility Study for Integrating
Solar Generation in the Upington
Area
2015/04/08
7
Project brief
• The development of a 5GW
solar park in the Upington
area is being proposed
• The initial phase focuses on
developing 1000 MW
• Generation will ramp up from
to 1100 MW in 2016.
• Eskom is developing a
100MW CSP plant, with a
commercial operation date
2015.
• Hence the transmission study
focuses on developing a
solution to evacuate 1.1GW
• Eskom is currently rolling out
plans for 400kV transmission
infrastructure in the area
Currently the transmission network is lightly loaded
and is not adequate to support the solar park. This
poses a challenge in terms of network stability.
8
General approach to transmission study
• Factors considered in
transmission planning
 Current and future load
 Current and future generation
 Location and size
• Compliance with South
Africa Grid Code
Technical investigations
• Five options were
investigated
• Evaluation considered
following:
 strategic alignment
 South African Grid Code
compliance
 Technical criteria
 Planning process
 Investment criteria
 Connection application
process
9
Network Integration Solution, Phasing & Timelines
Phased network strengthening
Yr-2012
Yr-2014
Yr-2016
170
999
Yr-2017
In four stages
Period 2012 – 2017
MW
Network limit
150
1500
Stage
•
•
•
•
Stage 1: Can evacuate 150 MW with minimal distribution strengthening [2012]
Stage 2: Can evacuate 170 MW with distribution strengthening plus new transformer at Kronos [2014]
Stage 3: Can evacuate up to 900 MW with Transmission strengthening. This requires additional transformers at solar
park substation and 2 new 400 kV lines [2016]
Stage 4: Can evacuate up to 1500MW. In addition to Stage 3 this now requires 2 additional transformers plus 2
additional 400kV lines. [2017]
10
Network Integration Solution, Phasing & Timelines
contd.
Kuruman
Kathu
^
!(
Solar Park
Sub
Daniëlskuil
^
!(
!(
^
OLIEN
Upington
!(
!(
PAULPUTS
AGGENEIS
Aries
!(
ARIES
GARONA
New
Nieuwehoop Sub
^
!(
!(
^
Ferrum
FERRUM
Prieska
KRONOS
HELIOS
^
^
Carnarvon
^
^
• Stage 3: This requires
3x400/132kV transformers and 2 x 400 kV lines (Solar Park Aries and Solar Park – Nieuwehoop) [2016]
!(
• Stage 4: In addition to Stage 3 this now requires 4th and 5th 400/132kV transformers
plus 2 additional 400kV lines. (2nd Solar Park - Aries 400kV and Solar Park- Ferrum
400kV) [2017]
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In summary
• It is feasible to connect renewable energy generators in the
Upington area.
•
This solution is dependent on the establishment of the 400 kV
infrastructure as indicated.
• To evacuate 1100MW of solar power requires an investment
in transmission infrastructure. Further work needs to be
done during the detailed feasibility study phase.
• Eskom will consider the final IRP2010 plan in developing the
long term transmission grid.
• The possible spatial location of proposed new generators is
especially important
• In the longer term, should there be a need to evacuate
substantially more than 1100MW of power it may be
necessary to develop 765kV or HVDC transmission
12
Eskom’s
Concentrated Solar
Plant
2015/04/08
13
Concentrating Solar Power Central Receiver
• Application
Grid connected
• Power Range
Plant sizes of 100MW
• Footprint
100MW would require app 4km2
• Status
EIA complete
Technology review underway
14
Environmental Impact Assessment
• The screening study of a large number of regions
concluded that there was the potential to establish a new
power plant in Upington and Groblershoop areas
• In 2006 Application was made to obtain an environmental
authorisation for proposed project
• EIA and its public participation process was undertaken
between 2006 and 2007
• An environmental authorisation (then know as a Record of
Decision – RoD) was issued to Eskom on 14 September
2007
• This authorisation is valid for a period of five years
15
Three alternative sites evaluated in EIA, with
Environmental Authorisation given for site 1
16
Major issues raised during EIA
• The potentially significant environmental impacts associated
with the proposed project as discussed in the EIA include:
• Potential impacts on surface and groundwater resources
as a result of the proposed project
• Potential visual impacts associated with the proposed
project and associated impacts on tourism potential
• Potential noise impacts
• Potential impacts on flora, fauna and ecology including
Avifauna
• Potential positive social impacts
• No fatal flaws were identified since the impacts can be
mitigated to acceptable levels.
17
Value of the project to Solar Park
• Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI)
data collected by Eskom and
detailed specialist studies done
during EIA will be made
available to project
South Africa’s Solar Irradiation
levels is amongst the best in the world
• May be synergies around
infrastructure
• We support the development of
the solar park and we are
committed to working together
with stakeholders on the park
concept as well as on other
renewable energy projects and
processes of national
importance
South Africa experiences some of the
highest levels of solar radiation in the
world.
The average daily solar radiation in South
Africa varies between
4.5 and 6.5 kWh/m2 (16 and 23
MJ/m2), with excellent
areas such as Upington
- 8.17 kWh/m2/day.
Conclusion
• Eskom will transition to a cleaner energy mix for South Africa
based primarily on nuclear and solar energy
• Fully support and welcome the development of the solar park
which will contribute to national capacity
• Current projects in wind, solar, underground coal gasification,
ocean technologies and demand reduction programmes such
as CFL roll-outs and solar geyser programmes
• To evacuate 1100MW of solar power requires an investment in
transmission infrastructure
• Transmission lines will be phased-in to transport 1100 MW
from the Solar Park by 2016, starting with 150 MW in 2012
• Substantial additional investment will be required for further
expansion to 5000MW and we are committed to working with
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government in this regard
Thank you