SWAAAE
Tim Holmes
Kenwood Energy
January 30, 2012
Objectives
 Energy Efficiency Overview
 Solar Energy – Next Steps
 Greenhouse Gases
 Financing
Results Variables
 Cost of Energy
 Natural Gas
 Electricity
 Climate
 Size of the Facility
Lighting
 Fluorescent
 Linear
 Compact
 Architectural
Lighting
 High Intensity Discharge
 Metal Halide
 High Pressure Sodium
Lighting
 Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Lighting - Advantages
 Fluorescent
 Efficient
 Long Life
 Good light quality
 Affordable
 HID
 Light quality Disparity
 Lean towards Metal Halide
 LED
 New Technology with great promise
Heating, Ventilation, and Air
Conditioning
 Packaged Equipment
Central Plant
 Chillers
 Boilers
 Pumps
 Cooling Towers
Energy Efficiency Economics
You’re interested in Solar
 Determine How Much Solar you need
 Define what you want
 Get competitive Bids
 Contract
 Construction Support
 Get professional help
How Much Solar
Admin Offices
Terminal
Runway Lights
Apron F
Totals
Gross installed Cost
$167,576
$95,745
$255,238
$72,330
$590,888
NPV of Incentive
$25,056
$14,057
$41,478
$11,730
$92,321
Net Installed Cost
$142,519
$81,687
$213,760
$60,600
$498,567
kW AC Output
Annual Energy Production kWh
30
17
47
13
106
49,365
27,695
81,717
23,109
181,885
Value of Energy
$11,224
$6,105
$18,736
$5,466
$41,531
6.8%
5.9%
8.1%
7.1%
$215,746
$105,711
$404,003
$99,117
$824,578
$12,475
$11,873
$19,718
$6,074
$50,140
90.0%
51.4%
95.0%
90.0%
82.8%
A6
A6
A6
A6
25.4
14.2
42.0
11.9
Internal Rate of Return
Net Present Value
Cost of Facility Energy Use
Percent of Energy Cost
Offset
New Utility Rate
Annual eTons GHG Reduced
93.5
Define What you Want
 Develop a Good Construction Specification (Even PPAs)
 Goals and Objectives
 System Description
 Scope of Work
 What is to be included in the proposal
 Submittals
 Proposal
 Pre Construction
 Experience
 Start-up
Get Competitive Proposals
Contract, Construction, etc
 Contract
 Use a Construction Contract
 Refer to the Specification
 Include Liquidated Damages
 Construction Support
 Professional that know the Spec and Solar
 Construction Inspection
 Professional Help
Fuel Cell
Greenhouse Gases
 What’s an eTon
 GHG Science is new
 GHG Factors
 CARB Local Government Protocol
 All electricity is not equal
 Time of use – Energy is dirtier during “peak” hours
 Utility Average – PG&E = 0.288 #/kWh in 2007
 Solar – Estimated at 1.135 eTons per kWh
Finance - Purchase
Finance – Loan or Bond
Finance - PPA
Contact
Tim Holmes, P.E.
Kenwood Energy
(707) 833-1028
timholmes@kenwoodenergy.com