INDIA: RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND
SANITATION PROJECT FOR LOW INCOME
STATES
Project Development Objective
The PDO is to improve piped water supply and sanitation services for
selected rural communities in the target states through decentralized
delivery systems and to increase the capacity of the participating
States to respond promptly and effectively to an Eligible Crisis or
Emergency.
Key PDO level results indicators are the following:
• Number of people with increased access to piped water.
• Number of people with access to improved sanitation facilities.
• Number of people using improved latrines.
• Improvements in O&M cost recovery.
Project Beneficiaries
• Direct benefit about 7.8 million rural people with improved water
supply and sanitation services
• About 48% of the overall project beneficiaries expected to be women
• Participating States to benefit through improved institutional capacity,
processes and procedures, for decentralized RWSS service delivery
responsibilities and improving accountability to rural households
• Targeted assistance to the tribal populations of 4 districts in Jharkhand,
with about 0.4 million expected beneficiaries from tribal populations.
RWSS Program and Policy
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ring-fenced Program for Participating Low Income States
Decentralized Service Delivery Systems
District-wide Approach
Integrated Approach to Water Supply and Sanitation
Scheme Cycle for Implementing Decentralized Services
Community Contributions towards Capital and O&M Costs
Governance and Accountability Aspects
Public Private Partnerships (PPPs)
Twinning’ with Bank assisted RWSS Projects
Integrated Approach to Water Supply and Sanitation
•
Water Supply
– SVSs and MVSs will provide piped water supplies, along with catchment area management
programs, as required, for improving source sustainability.
– MVSs will be taken up only if local sustainable source is not available.
– A dedicated feeder line for power supply will be provided for large MVSs. Solar powered
pumps will be piloted in remote villages which have less than 3-4 hours of power supply.
•
Sanitation
– Household sanitation (household toilets)
– Institutional sanitation (schools, anganwadi, community/public toilets)
– Environmental sanitation (SLWM, including soak-pits, drains and lane improvements for
disposal of sullage and wastewater, and solid waste management for village-wide
cleanliness); and
– IEC / BCC activities for demand creation and linkages with nutrition, health and hygiene
practices.
– Interventions will support GoI’s NBA program, by strengthening its implementation
processes at the district and village levels
Scheme Cycle for Implementing Decentralized Services
Key Activity
SHS/ SGS and HH
Sanitation/ Env Sanitation
MVS and HH Sanitation/ Env
Sanitation
Pre-planning Phase
Formation of GP Water and Sanitation Committee (GPWSC)
Formation of Multi Village Water and Sanitation Committee (MVS-WSC)
Tripartite agreement for MVS signed between DWSC, Technical Dept. and
participating GPs
Gram Sabha Resolution “Agree To Do”, to take up RWSS schemes as per guidelines
and principles
Planning Phase
IEC/ BCC for water, hygiene, sanitation and environmental sanitation by SO and
GPWSC - continues throughout planning and implementation phases periods
Preparation of Water Security Plan for the GP
Preparation of SHS/SGS preliminary designs by GPWSC, with support from SO
2-3 months
1
NA
NA
2-3 months
1
2
2
2-3
2-3
3-4 months
3-4
4-6 months
3-4
2
3
3
NA
Preparation of MVS preliminary designs by Technical Agency
Preparation of a comprehensive environmental sanitation plan for GP/ habitation.
NA
3
4
3
Gram Sabha Resolution for scheme technology and estimates (for SHS/SGS)
1
1
Gram Sabha Resolution for Environmental Sanitation
Preparation of detailed Technical and Cost proposals of SHS/SGS by GPWSC with
assistance from SO and Technical Dept., and submission for Technical Sanction
Preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) by Technical Dept. for MVS
1
2
1
NA
NA
4
1
1
1
2-3
1
2-3
Preparation of Community Action Plans (CAP) for water and sanitation by GPWSC,
with assistance from SO
Gram Sabha resolution on accepting CAP (Community Action Plan)
Collection of initial community contribution by GPWSC
Implementation Phase
Selection of construction contractor(s) by GP/GPWSC for SHS/SGS and SLWM Schemes,
6-10 months
2
18-24 months
2
3
(Env San only)
3
6-10
18-24
1
1
1
NA
N1A
2
2
4
ODF confirmed by SO/GPWSC, with spot checks by external groups
O&M Phase
Continuous IEC/BCC activities with monitoring at household and community level
1
1
6
18-14
Sanitation cross-checks by GPWSC
1
1
GPWSC takes over O&M of schemes for SHS/SGS/intra-GP/SLWM
Technical Dept. takes over O&M from Contractor for inter-village works of MVS
2
2
2 (SLWM only)
4
Collection of user charges by GPWSC
Exit of SOs from the GP
Continuous back-stopping by State Technical Dept.
2
1
-
4
1
-
Construction of HH toilets (IHHL) with checks on quality of construction by Household and
GPWSC/ SO
IEC/BCC activities continue, coordinated by SO on construction quality/monitoring,
use/maintenance of toilets, hygiene promotion, solid waste management and sanitation
training
Quality of construction independent checks for MVS and SLWM
Preparation of Implementation Phase Completion Reports for SHS/SGS/SLWM by GPWSC
with assistance from SO (and Technical Dept if required)
Preparation of Implementation Phase Completion Reports for MVS by Technical Dept.
Technical and Social Audits to check water and sanitation schemes; toilets are used and
maintained; villages are clean with no visible solid waste
Community Contributions towards Capital and O&M Costs
•
Capital Cost (CAPEX) Contributions
– Rs 450 per household as one-time contribution from the beneficiary household (Rs 225 for
SC/ST household)
•
O&M Cost Recovery
– Phased approach for achieving full O&M cost recovery through user charges
– In high cost schemes where 100% O&M cost recovery is not possible, the project will start
with at least 50% O&M cost recovery, gradually moving to 100% O&M cost recovery by end
of project period, through both real increases and indexation of tariffs to a suitable inflation
index.
– 24x7 water supply services in peri-urban areas will include household metering and suitably
structured volumetric tariffs.
– ‘Bulk Water Tariffs’ will be introduced for bulk water supply at the village entry point for
MVSs.
– In cases affordable charges are inadequate for covering O&M costs, State Government will
provide transparent subsidies through O&M grants under various programs.
Project Component A Capacity Building
Component A: Capacity Building and Sector Development
A1: Capacity Building of MoDWS. Strengthening MoDWS to manage RWSS Programs, provide policy and technical advice.
A2: Capacity Building of RWSS Sector Institutions and PRIs.
•
State level.
•
District level.
•
PRIs.
•
Twinning arrangements.
A3. Program Information, Education, and Communications (IEC).
•
IEC for PRIs to adopt their new role in planning and implementation of RWSS schemes.
•
IEC to promote behavioural change among stakeholders for improving sanitation and hygiene practices.
•
Development of manuals, hand books, field books etc., on Project activities and implementation guidelines.
A4: Sector Development Studies and Pilot Innovations and Technologies.
– RWSS Sector Program and Policies
– Cost Effectiveness and Sustainability Analysis
– Appropriate Technologies for RWSS Schemes
– Institutional Models for Service Provision
– Groundwater Management by Rural Communities
– Independent Assessments and Project Reviews
•
The Project will also support pilot testing of new approaches and technologies.
A5: Monitoring and Evaluation.
•
(a)
M&E. Establishment of Information, Communication, Technology (ICT) enabled M&E System for monitoring project
achievements, including type and cost of schemes, service levels, water quality, O&M cost recovery and collection efficiency, etc.
•
(b) Governance and Accountability Activities. Independent verifications, technical audits, social audits and beneficiary assessments.
A6: Excellence Awards for Integrated Water Supply and Sanitation. Awards to the best performing States, districts and GPs.
Project Component B RWSS Infrastructure Development
Component B: Infrastructure Development
• B1: New Investments. Project will finance new water supply schemes, supported by catchment
area management programs (B3 below, if required), and test new technologies. Public-Private
Partnerships will be supported as part of the new investment programs.
• New investments in SVS, including SHS and SGS; New investments in MVS, including small and
large MVS
• B2: Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Existing Schemes.
• B3: Catchment Area Program. Source strengthening and catchment area management
programs will be integrated as part of SVS and MVS (B1 and B2), if required.
• B4: Water Quality Management. GPs will carry out disinfection of water supply and will
regularly check for residual chlorine levels for the intra-village schemes.
• B5: Household, Institutional and Environmental Sanitation. This sub-component will
complement the existing GoI led Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA).
• B6: Infrastructure Support. This sub-component will support the design and implementation of
the infrastructure program:
• Engineering Support. Engineering support would be provided for designing and implementing the
RWSS facilities.
• District Support. Professional Agencies for implementing the district and village infrastructure
programs in Jharkhand and Bihar, including technical support activities.
• Community Support. The services of SOs, NGOs and community based organizations for preplanning, planning and implementation phase activities of the scheme-cycle.
Component C: Project Management Support
C1:
Staffing and Consultancy Costs. The Project will support staff and consultancy
costs:
• Implementing and managing the Project.
• Facilitating the RWSS Program.
• Coordinating with various stakeholders, especially SWSM and DWSMs.
• Procuring services/consultants to support the implementation of the Project.
• Internal and external financial audits.
• Reviewing and reporting progress of Project activities.
C2:
Equipment and Miscellaneous costs. These will include operational costs of the
PMUs and the DPMUs, covering office expenses (rent) and other costs (computers,
stationary, fuel, etc.)
Component D: Contingency Emergency Response
•
Following an adverse natural event that causes a major natural disaster, the State
government may request the Bank to re-allocate project funds to support response and
reconstruction.
RWSSP-LIS (2013-14 to 2018-19) – Financing of Components (US $ million)
Components
Total RWSS
Sector
Program
Government Financing
GoI
Financing
State
Contribution
World
Bank(IDA)
Financing
Community
Contributio
n
WB (IDA)
Financing as %
of Total Project
Cost
Capacity Building and
Sector Development
93
41
6
46
0
50%
Infrastructure
Development
860
276
146
430
8
50%
Project Management
Support
47
13
10
24
0
50%
Contingency
Emergency Response
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
330
162
500
8
50%
Total
Batch-wise Coverage Habitations/Schemes
Batch
State
Batch-1
Years
From
To
Feb-14
March 17
Assam
Bihar
Jharkhand
UP
Batch-2
Feb-16
Assam
Bihar
Jharkhand
UP
Total
Feb-17
0
152
326
219
0
555
766
1300
0
3
6
13
0
56
94
176
3
1
3
0
1956
90
122
0
3
156
335
232
1956
701
982
1476
0
108
270
300
0
515
742
1800
0
6
21
19
0
470
494
450
4
3
3
2
3081
400
65
180
4
117
294
321
3081
1385
1301
2430
0
56
83
361
1875
0
450
314
2313
8755
0
1
36
10
115
0
60
626
250
2676
0
0
3
0
22
0
0
81
0
5975
0
57
122
371
2012
0
510
1021
2563
17406
March 19
Assam
Bihar
Jharkhand
UP
Batch-3
SVS Schemes
Small MVS Schemes Large MVS Schemes
Total
No of
No of
No of
No of
Habitation
Habitation
Habitation
Habitation
Sche
Scheme
Scheme
Scheme
s Coverage
s Coverage
s Coverage
s Coverage
mes
s
s
s
March 20
Institutional and Implementation Arrangements
•
Project to support progressive decentralization, with a much higher role and
responsibility to PRIs at district and village level for designing and implementing the
schemes, and to the SWSM and DWSM for policy and oversight aspects.
•
Responsibility of planning, implementing, and maintaining small SVS will be fully
devolved to the GP, assisted by the District Project Management Units (DPMUs) and
Support Organizations (SOs).
•
Rural communities to participate in the scheme cycle through the GP committees (GPWSC for SVS and MVS committees for MVSs).
•
Contractual arrangements to be made between the bulk-water provider, the PHED/JN,
and the scheme level committees for small and large MVSs.
•
Public Private Partnerships (PPPs), including Design-Build-Operate (DBO) models will
be piloted for large MVSs.
State, District and Village Level Institutional and Implementation Arrangements
Sustainability
• Focus on technical, institutional and financial sustainability of schemes,
with independent checks at various stages of the scheme design and
implementation
• Other critical factors are:
– timely implementation of the envisaged institutional framework with new
and strengthened roles and responsibilities of the sector players
– capacity building of the PRIs and GP-WSSCs to take over the
responsibilities of WSS service delivery
– appropriate change management efforts to shift the mindset of the sector
institutions from service provider to facilitator
– proper monitoring to ensure implementation of a consistent policy for all
new investments
– coordination with various departments to ensure integrated approach to
WSS service delivery.
Indicator
1.
2.
Government Orders issued:
(a) RWSS Decentralization
Program and District-wide
approach in all Project
Districts;
(b) Policy on O&M Cost
Recovery
GP-WSC and MVS-WSC
formed and functional
3.
Water Security Plans
completed for Project GPs
4. Sanitation Plans completed
for Project GPs
RWSS Infrastructure Program
5. Number of schemes
commissioned as per scheme
cycle
6. Number of GPs saturated with
water and sanitation facilities
(including SLWM)as per
agreed targets
7. Agreed Capex contribution
collected from communities
in all Project GPs which have
completed planning phase
Performance Scorecard
Review at end
Unit
of first year of
Review at end of Y2 of each Batch
the Project
RWSS Decentralization Program
Yes/No
Yes if (a) and
Follow-up activities:
(b) are achieved,
 MIS established for decentralized program
otherwise No
(habitation upwards data collection), with
data entry completed for previous Batch
 10% or more schemes have carried out: (a)
Yes/No
independent supervision quality checks; and
(b) community social audits.
Number of
30% or more
70% or more WSCs for the Batch
WSCs
WSCs for the
Batch
Number of
Plans completed for all GPs in Batch
GPs
Number of
Plans completed for all GPs in Batch
GPs
Open defecation free GPs
10
2
2
2
2
2
10
4
Number of
Schemes
At least 30% of
Batch SVS
At least 50% of Batch MVS and at least 60%
of Batch SVS
Number of
GPs
At least 30% of
Batch target
At least 60% of Batch target
4
At least 90% GP-WSCs of the Batch have
completed the planning phase and collected
capex contribution.
2
At least 40%
GP-WSCs of the
Batch have
completed the
planning phase
and collected
capex
contribution.
RWSS O&M Cost Recovery and Sustainable ODF
8. O&M cost recovery from user
Number of
charges
schemes
9.
Scores*
Number of
GP-WSCs
Number of
GPs
60% or more schemes in the Batch are
collecting 50% or more O&M costs (O&M for
SVS and intra-village MVS) through agreed
user-charges.
30% or more of GPs of the Batch have
achieved ODF Status
10
5
5
Thank You