SOUTH ASIA CONFERENCE ON SANITATION
SACOSAN IV
COUNTRY REPORT– SRI LANKA
Content of the Report
• A. BACKGROUND – Country Profile
• B. PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map from
SACOSAN III-
Five milestones
• C. OVERALL ASSESSMENT –
How we achieved & best practices
• D. STATISTIACAL ASSESSMENT -
Achievements /Targets
• E.
GAPS & ISSUES
A: Background
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General Information
Land Area: 64,740 Sqkm
9 Provinces, 25 districts
Population: 19.8 mln (2006)
Population growth rate: 1.1%(2007)
Life Expectancy: 73 Yrs (2007)
Rural Population: 70%
Gender Ratio (M/F): 49/51
Literacy Rate: 95%
Safe water coverage: 81%
Historical Background
4th Century BC
INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES
• National Responsibility : MWS&D, NWSDB, RWSSD
– Supported by: MoH, MoE, CSOs, Donors ………
• At Local level:
– Under decentralized administration, Community
sanitation and hygiene promotion is regarded as a key
utility service to be provided by the Local Authorities
with the support of Provincial Health Ministries.
B: PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map
from SACOSAN III, Delhi
• 1. Country commitment
-- Satisfactory
• 2. Enabling policies
-- Satisfactory
• 3. Effective & accountable institutions
-- Satisfactory
• 4. Financing
-- Satisfactory
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-- Satisfactory
5. Monitoring & sustaining change
C:
OVERALL ASSESSMENT
Coverage Committed under MDG
by 2015 : 84.5%
by 2025 : 100%
• General:
– Sensitized population, Government and CSO
collaborations
• How we have achieved good results ?
– Role of MoH, Legal Provisions, Availability of many
technical options/manuals/guide lines, Knowhow at
local level, Special Focus for needy,
– Best practices (sanitation together with hygiene
promotion in 3rd ADB, SLRF in 2nd CWSSP, Involvement
of CFs )
Sanitation Options
• Off Site Sanitation
– Pipe borne sewer (Colombo MC priority areas, Housing schemes,
Industrial zones)
– Bucket latrines (now prohibited in Sri Lanka)
• On Site Sanitation
– Pit Latrines / VIP
– Water Sealed Latrines
• Disposal to an underground pit
• Septic tanks with soak-away
– Ecological Options
D: STATISTIACAL ASSESSMENT
Reference
a) Persons without access at the base year
b)As a percentage of the total population
Achievements
5.33 mln
31%
a) Persons without access at SACOSAN III in 2008
b) As a percentage of the total population
3.22 mln
6.1 %
a)Persons without access in 2010
(85.7% coverage)
b)As a percentage of the total population
2.95 mln
14.3%
a) The additional population from the base year 5.78 mln
having sanitation
(1.1mln toilets !!!)
b)Increase in coverage as a percentage
16.7 %
(The above statistics does not include PIT Latrines)
E: GAPS & ISSUES
• Accuracy of Data
• Improvements need in School Sanitation
• Sustainable sanitation for urban areas
– public toilets, septage treatment)
• Areas requiring special attention
– Estate & Fishing communities,
– N&E resettlements
– New approaches to meet climatic changes
• Addressing cultural needs
– (water for toilets)
• Enforcement of Policies
Thanks
Additional Slides for further
discussions
Having a coverage of 85.7% in 2011 does not mean
that we have gone beyond 2015 target of 84.5% !!!
• Population in 2010 = 20.65 mln
• Population served in 2010 = 20.65 x 85.7%
= 17.7 mln
Population in 2015 = 21.9 mln
If no more toilets constructed from 2011 to 2015,
The coverage will be (17.7/21.9x 100 =) only 80%
coverage by 2015
D. STATISTIACAL ASSESSMENT
Excluding PIT Latrines
Reference
Achievements
a) Persons without access at the base year 17.2mln x 31% = 5.33 mln
(69% coverage)
b)As a percentage of the total population
= 31%
a) Persons without access at SACOSAN III 20 mln x 16.1% = 3.22 mln
in 2008 (83.9 % coverage)
b) As a percentage of the total population
= 16.1 %
a)Persons without access in 2010
(85.7% coverage)
b)As a percentage of the total population
20.65mln x 14.3% = 2.95 mln
= 14.3%
a) The additional population from the base (20.65 – 17.2) mln +(5.33 – 2.95 )
year having sanitation
mln = 5.78 mln (1.1mln toilets !!!)
b)Increase in coverage as a percentage
31.0% - 14.3% = 16.7 %
B: PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map
from SACOSAN III, Delhi
• 1. Country commitment
-- Satisfactory
– The need for achieving the MDG sanitation goals are highlighted in development
programmes and are monitored (ex: Mahinda Chinthana )
• 2. Enabling policies
-- Satisfactory
– A new policy for sanitation incorporating the comments from public is ready for
Cabinet approval. Policy highlights: inclusion of both urban & rural, incorporation
of hygiene behavior change in sanitation program, bottom up/ participatory
approaches, conservation of the environment as a primary objective, facilities to be
managed and operated at the lowest appropriate level. Transport of excreta with
human labour (scavenging) is no more a practice in the country.
• 3. Effective & accountable institutions
-- Satisfactory
– Tasks have been assigned to specific institutions in keeping with their national
responsibilities. Coordination mechanisms are in place. Capability and capacity
available at local level is supported by specialized institutions when needed.
PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map from
SACOSAN III, Delhi
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4. Financing
-- Satisfactory
– A balanced approach is in place between hardware development and software
support. Annual provisions are made in the national budget for sanitation
improvements. Subsidies are available for those who cannot afford.
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5. Monitoring & sustaining change
-- Satisfactory
– In addition to the increase in access to sanitation services, qualitative
improvements are evident from health indicators monitored by the MoH. The
indicators proposed by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme have
been discussed and agreed amongst the three agencies concerned, the
Ministry of Water Supply and Drainage, the Ministry of Health and the
Department of Census & Statistics and future monitoring will be through
household surveys providing user based information. Additionally, collaborative
mechanisms supported by external entities such as UNICEF and WSSCC are
in place.