Body Works – Human Body Systems Unit Notes
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BODY WORKS - UNIT GOALS
 1. Systems

a. I can show and explain how key human body systems (Digestive,
Respiratory & Circulatory) work together.

b. I am able to show, describe and explain how the subsystems in each
key body system (Digestive, Respiratory & Circulatory) work to allow
the key system to function properly.
 2. Human Lifestyle
 I can explain how lifestyle choices & our environment affect parts of
the human body.
(focus Obesity, Fast Food & Diabetes and Asthma)
 3. Experiment

I can plan, conduct and properly write up a controlled experiment.
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SYSTEMS AND SUBSYSTEMS
 GOAL 1 Know the functions of the
3 Key “Gateway” Body Systems
 1a. Explain the services each system
provides to the others
 Tell the services each system gets from
the others
 1b. Know the subsystems within
each key system
 Tell the order of each
subsystem in that system
 Know the function of each
subsystem in that system
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MULTI LEVEL THINKING RESPONSES
 Multi level responses are responses that take an
explanation to its furthest logical point.
 Example:
3 different
levels of
response
 How will exercising regularly affect your heart rate?
Initially your heart rate increases during exercise
2. Over time exercise makes your heart both bigger &
stronger, pumping more blood with each beat
(The exercise also stimulates production of new
blood vessels.)
3. As a result, the heart will be more efficient and the
heart rate will decrease both during exercise and
after exercise
1.
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BODY SYSTEMS & FUNCTIONS
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10 BODY SYSTEMS WITH SOME FUNCTIONS (NO INTEGUMENTARY)
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WHAT DO THE DIGESTIVE, RESPIRATORY &
CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS DO?
 Digestive system  Respiratory System  Circulatory System
What this system does: What this system does: What this system does:
 Breaks down food
 Releases nutrients
(sugars, fats, protein, vitamins &water)
to body so all cells get
energy & other nutrients
to function properly
 Removes some wastes
& toxins
 Provides O2 for
digestive system cells
 Gives off CO2 that is
transferred by the
circulatory system from
all body cells
 Transports O2 to &
CO2 from cells
(Respiration)
 Delivers nutrients to
cells (Nutrition)
 Takes wastes & toxins
from cells for disposal
 Key part of immune
system
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SYSTEMS INTERACTIONS DIGESTIVE & RESPIRATORY
1a. I can show and explain how key human body systems
(Digestive, Respiratory & Circulatory) work together.
 Digestive system
Provides these services for the
Respiratory system
 Respiratory System
Provides these services for the
Digestive system
 Breaks down food
 Provides O2 for digestive
 Converts food into nutrients
system cells
 Exhausts CO2 from cells of
digestive system (transferred
via circulatory system)
(sugars, fats, protein, vitamins and water)
 Releases nutrients for Respiratory
system (via circulatory system) so
all cells get energy and other
nutrients to function properly
 Removes some wastes & toxins
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SYSTEMS INTERACTIONS DIGESTIVE & CIRCULATORY
1a. I can show and explain how key human body systems
(Digestive, Respiratory & Circulatory) work together.
Digestive System
Provides these things for the
Circulatory System
 Breaks down food
 Converts food into nutrients
(sugars, fats, protein, vitamins & water)
 Provides nutrients to Circulatory
system so all cells get energy &
other nutrients to function
properly
 Removes some wastes & toxins
 Circulatory System
Goods and Services for
Digestive system
 Transport O2 to & CO2 from
cells (Respiration)
 Delivers nutrients to cells
(Nutrition)
 Takes wastes & toxins from
cells for disposal
 Key part of immune system
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SYSTEMS INTERACTIONS CIRCULATORY & RESPIRATORY
1a. I can show and explain how key human body systems
(Digestive, Respiratory & Circulatory) work together
 Circulatory system
Goods and Services for
Respiratory system
 Transport O2 to & CO2
from cells (Respiration)
 Delivers nutrients to cells
(Nutrition)
 Takes wastes & toxins from
cells for disposal
 Key part of immune system
 Respiratory System
Goods and Services for
Circulatory system
 Provides O2 for
circulatory system cells
 Exhausts CO2 from cells
of the circulatory system
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Goal 1a - I can show and explain how key human body
systems work (Digestive, Respiratory & Circulatory) together.
Circulatory
O2 + Nutrients
CO2
O2
Wastes + Toxins
Digestive
Central System
Respiratory
Open System
Be able to create, show & explain the interconnections for these 3 systems
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Test Your
Knowledge!
Identify the
function
For each of these
structures.
Then hit return to
see the answer..
Goal 1b - I am able to
show, describe & explain
how the subsystems of
the Digestive system
work to allow this
system to function
properly
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Test Your
Knowledge!
Identify the
function
For each of these
structures.
Then hit return to
see the answer.
Goal 1b - I am able to
show, describe & explain
how the subsystems of
the Digestive system
work to allow this
system to function
properly
Tear, rip and grind food = Mechanical breakdown
Chemicals in saliva begin the Chemical breakdown of food
Muscles contract to help food reach stomach
Muscles in stomach help mix food = mechanical breakdown
Hydrochloric Acid continue chemical breakdown
= MUCUS!
Completes process of chemical breakdown
Absorbs nutrients – go to circulatory system!
surface _area
Produces chemical to reduce acid level
Produces chemicals to help breakdown proteins & fats
Breaks down alcohol and some medicines
Processes nutrients into forms that are easier for the rest of your
body to use.
Produces Bile = Chem Breakdown
Carbohydrates
converts into sugars
villi of the small intestine
Circulatory systems in the blood
all parts of body - cells
blood
Excretes liquid wastes and dissolved toxins
Absorbs… water and some vitamins
Time to go through? 18-24 hours
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Stores solid waste
Solid waste pushed out here!
GOAL 2 - HUMAN LIFESTYLE
I CAN EXPLAIN HOW LIFESTYLE CHOICES & OUR ENVIRONMENT
AFFECT PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY
 A. Obesity
 Know the causes of
obesity
 Understand the trends
in obesity over time
 Be able to explain how
obesity affects the
three key human body
systems
Resource:
 See Obesity in America
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GOAL 2 - HUMAN LIFESTYLE
I CAN EXPLAIN HOW LIFESTYLE CHOICES & OUR ENVIRONMENT
AFFECT PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY
 B. Fast Food & Diabetes
 Know the effects of a
fast food diet on key
human body systems.
 Know what diabetes is
Resource:
 See Fast Food and Diabetes
 AND
 Know what
cardiovascular disease
is and how it affect
key systems.
 See Obesity in America
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GOAL 2 - HUMAN LIFESTYLE
I CAN EXPLAIN HOW LIFESTYLE CHOICES & OUR ENVIRONMENT
AFFECT PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY
 C. Asthma
 Know how asthma
occurs and how asthma
affects key body systems
 Know suspected causes
of asthma.
Resource:
Asthma & the Puget
Sound Environment
 Be able to explain what
environmental factors
trigger asthma attacks.
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GOAL 1B – I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW
THE SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WORK TO
ALLOW THIS SYSTEM TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
A. Subsystems of the Circulatory System
 Know the name of each subsystem of the Circulatory
System
 Know what each subsystem does
 Know what each subsystem brings Is Does, Brings
B. Subsystems of the Heart subsystem
 Know the name of each subsystem within the heart
 Know what each subsystem does
 Know what each subsystem “brings”
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS SYSTEM
TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Things to Know – General
Subsystems of the Circulatory System – Is, Does, Brings
Name
What does it do? What does it bring?
Heart
Pumps blood to
lungs & body.
• O2 rich blood to body CO2
rich blood to lungs
Arteries
Brings blood to the
body from heart
• O2 rich blood to body
• CO2 rich blood to lungs
Capillaries
Brings supplies to &
from every body cell
Veins
Brings blood to the
heart from body
•
•
•
•
O2 and Nutrients to cells
CO2 & Wastes from cells
CO2 rich blood to heart
O2 rich blood from lungs
to heart
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS SYSTEM
TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Follow the blood flow through subsystems in the
Circulatory System – (In order from left side of heart)
Structure
Function
Left side of Heart
Pumps O2 rich blood to body
Arteries
Brings O2 rich blood to the body from heart
Capillaries
O2 and Nutrients to cells
CO2 & Wastes from cells
Veins
Brings CO2 rich blood to the right side of
the heart from body
Right side of Heart
CO2 rich blood to lungs via Pul. Artery
Pulmonary Artery
CO2 rich blood to lungs fm right side heart
Pulmonary Vein
O2 rich blood to left side heart fm lungs
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS
SYSTEM TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Things to know
 Be able to:
 Know where the valves
are located,
 What the valves do,
 What would happen if
the valves weren’t
working properly
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS
SYSTEM TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Things to know
 Be able to:
 Track the blood flow
from the body, through
the heart, to the lungs &
back
 Show which areas have
O2 rich blood
 Show which areas have
CO2 rich blood
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS
SYSTEM TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Things to know
 Be able to:
 Track the blood flow
from the body, through
the heart, to the lungs &
back
 Show which areas have
O2 rich blood
 Show which areas have
CO2 rich blood
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS
SYSTEM TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Be able to:
• tell subsystems in order
• what each subsystem does
http://www.pc.maricopa.edu/Biology/pfinkenstadt/BIO202/202LessonBuilder/Resp
iratory/alveoli.jpg
Respiratory
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THE SYSTEM TO
FUNCTION PROPERLY
Know the Structures & Functions of the Respiratory System
Data Table 2 – Structures & Functions of the Respiratory System
Structure
Nose &
Mouth
Trachea
Lungs
Bronchioles
Alveoli
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Function – Tell what each organ does!
GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THE SYSTEM TO
FUNCTION PROPERLY
Know the Structures & Functions of the Respiratory System
Data Table 2 – Structures & Functions of the Respiratory System
Structure
Function – Tell what each organ does!
Nose &
Mouth
Filters & Warms incoming air/O2, breathe out CO2 & H20
Trachea
Takes in, filters, warms and exhausts air from the lungs
Lungs
Covers Bronchioles and Alveoli
Bronchioles
Spreads air out to every part of the lungs.
Alveoli
1.Take in, then exhaust, CO2 from blood (capillaries)
2. Gives O2 to blood cells (capillaries)
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GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THIS SYSTEM
TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
Be able
• to tell how & where CO2 and O2 are exchanged in the lungs
• as well as where CO2 and O2 are exchanged in the body
• also where the blood supply comes from & goes in the body
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http://ykonline.yksd.com/distanceedcourses/Courses/Biology/lessons/
ThirdQuarterLessons/Chapter08/8-3/images/alveolus.gif
GOAL 1B –
I AM ABLE TO SHOW, DESCRIBE & EXPLAIN HOW THE
SUBSYSTEMS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORK TO ALLOW THE SYSTEM TO
FUNCTION PROPERLY
Be able
• to tell how & where CO2 & O2 are exchanged in the lungs
• where CO2 & O2 are exchanged in the body & where flow
• where the blood supply comes from & goes in the body
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Basics of how matter is transported to & used by cells
FROM ARTERY
HEART, LUNGS &
MOUTH
FROM SMALL
INTESTINE
O2
C6H12O6
MITOCHONDRIA
GLUCOSE
O2 + C6H12O6
CHEMICAL REACTION
INSULIN
ENERGY!
CO2 + H2O
+ Waste
An Animal Cell
H 2O
CO2
Kidneys
Vein to
Heart, Lungs
Mouth
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CAPILLARY
WALL
Goal 1a - I can show and explain how key human body systems
work (Digestive, Respiratory & Circulatory) together.
Be able to show
how
• Nutrients (food)
• Wastes
• CO2 & O2
• & Energy
flow in and out of
the body using a
Systems Diagram.
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