Global Green Energy
Mobile Charger
Professor G.N.Pandey
Indian Institute of Information Technology
Allahabad
INDEX
• Introduction
• Present Status
• Standardization
• Benefits
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• From both an individual and organizational perspective the
global environmental issues we all face are here to stay for
the foreseeable future.
• Arguably the most commonly known and widely reported
environmental concern nowadays is global climate
change/global warming. For many of us in the Information
Communication & Technology (ICT) Industry, the
environmental spotlight is shining directly at us, as the
consumption of energy derived from traditional fossil fuels
becomes an international concern.
• It is widely cited in Information Technology (IT) circles that
the ICT industry is responsible for approximately two per
cent of world-wide carbon emissions, which is roughly the
equivalent to the carbon emissions attributed to the
aviation industry
Present Statistics
• Power Consumption in ICT=2%
• 54 of the total import is Petroleum causing
environmental degradation and foreign
exchange drain
• Obsolesce in ICT - E-Waste
Necessity of Green ICT
"Green ICT" fall into one of two broad categories.
• Those intended to deal with global warming by
either reducing greenhouse gas emissions or in
the alternative its potential harmful effects on
the planet.
• Those technologies associated with establishing
economic "sustainable growth" which includes
recycling, resource reduction and many aspects
of the biosciences
Lack of Classical Energy
It is well
established
that
• Tropical countries with
• poor connectivity,
• poor availability of energy
• poor quality of electricity.
• And Greater availability of Green Resources
• Solar energy
• Wind energy
• Geothermal energy
• Bio mass
• Constrains
• & poor standardization
Distribution of Classical Energy
Solar Energy Distribution over the Globe
Solar Energy Distribution w.r.t population
Solar Power Generation over the Globe
Daylight Potentiality Average on Population
Daylight Availability Average
Daylight Potentiality Continent Wise
Geographic Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) Area
Daylight Availability Continent Wise
– Global potential daylight average per year, Q = 42.1 moles par meter square
Sunlight average per Hour Timing
http://astro.unl.edu/classaction/animations/coordsmotion/daylighthoursexplorer.html
Solar Energy Distribution over India
Availability of solar energy
in India is almost 320 –
326 day/year.
Types of Mobile Charger
No. of charger available in market:
• Nokia
–
3
• Samsung
–
2
• LG
–
3
• Motorola
–
3
• Sony Eriksson
–
3
• Acer
–
2
• Black Berry
–
1
Different Standard of Mobile Charger
Standard Integration in Mobile Port
Integrated Universal Mobile Charger
Standard of Integrated Mobile Port
Global Green Mobile
Charger uniformity of above
connectivity is essential.
http://www.geeksailor.com/solve-cyberpower-usb-port-hubs-issues/
Present Status of Mobile Charger
For Global Green Mobile
Charger this arrangement
will not be required.
Types of Cell Phone Battery
• Nickel Cadmium (NiCd)
• Nickel
(NiMH)
Metal
Hydride
• Lithium Ion (Li-ion)
• Lithium Ion Polymer (LiPo)
• Nickel
Metal
(NiMH) Batteries
Hydrid
Cell phone battery could also be standardized so that battery
is replicable.
Different Standard of cell phone battery
http://www.rechargeable-battery-review.com/faqs--information/consumer-batteryfaqs/rechargeable-battery-standards.html
Green Universal Batteries Charger
As Photovoltaic Mobile, Cell Phone
Battery and Laptop Recharger
Technology
• It works on principle of solar energy is converted into electrical
energy
• Photovoltaic solar panels are composed mainly of silicon.
Silicon is used because it naturally releases electrons
(electrical energy) when hit with a photon (light source).
• photovoltaic solar panel consist of a clear protective top
layer, two layers of specially treated silicon with collecting
circuitry attached to the top layer , and a tough polymer
backing layer.
• These two layers are separated by an electrically charged
junction, which allows electrons to flow from back to front
• When light strikes the PV panel, some of the photons are
absorbed by the silicon layers. The photons cause electrons
to be released from the silicon crystal.
Tools
•
•
•
•
•
Solar Panel
Solar Regulator
DC – battery storage
Inverter (DC to AC Conversion)
Mobile/Laptop
Process
Benefit from the project for Mobile
Energy saves:
- In India, there are 750 million mobile users and in general,
every mobile Charges for at least 20 minutes and each mobile charger stores on
an average 4.4 W-H or 15840 Joule or 15.8 kJ. It means an energy=
4.4*750,000,000=3,300,000,000=3.3GW-H which mean on an average, daily 3.3
GW-H is Daily consumed for this purpose only and this all can be reduced by using
our solar charger. All This energy Generally comes from conventional Sources
which contributes to Environmental pollution. So, total power consumption in a
whole year 3.3*365=1204.5 GW-H .
More facilitated: - Any where the mobile can be recharged by solar power.
Total no.
of Mobile
user in
World
– Link: UN.org/population.asp
Benefit for Mobile in Worldwide
Energy saves:
- In world, there are 5 billion mobile users and in general, every
mobile Charges for at least 20 minutes and each mobile charger stores on an
average 4.4 W-H or 15840 Joule or 15.8 kJ. It means an energy=
4.4*5,000,000,000=22,000,000,000=22 GW-H which mean on an average, daily
GW-H is Daily consumed for this purpose only and this all can be reduced by using
our solar charger. All This energy Generally comes from conventional Sources
which contributes to Environmental pollution. So, total power consumption in a
whole year 22*365=8030 GW-H
CO2 Emission controlled:
- 7557 Giga gram CO2 extracting stopped per
day. And it Reduced 29.63% CO2 emission per year. Help to reduce the
responsibility of the CO2 from the Global warming effect: - 49.08% per year.
Help to decrease the warming temperature of the atmosphere: - 49.06% per year.
Benefit from the project for Laptop
Energy saves:
- In India, there are 2.5 million laptop users and in general, every
laptop consumes all total average 80 W-H in 1 hour. It means the amount of total power
consumed while working with the laptop at least 8 hours in a day,
E = 80*8*2500000 = 1,600,000,000 W-H which mean on an average, daily 1.6 Giga W-H
energy is Daily consumed for this purpose only and in one year the total power consumption
in India only, X = 1.6 * 365 = 584 Giga W-H.
CO2 Emission controlled:
- 0.1 ton
extracting from one laptop in each
year. So, the total Carbon Dioxide emission from India only, S = 0.1 * 2,500,000 = 250,000
ton or 250 Kilo Ton carbon dioxide emitted from India only.
Benefit for Laptop in Worldwide
Energy saves:
- In world, there are 400 million laptop users and in general, every
laptop consumes all total average 80 W-H in 1 hour. It means the amount of total power
consumed while working with the laptop at least 8 hours in a day,
E = 80*8*400,000,000 = 256,000,000,000 W-H which mean on an average, daily 256 Giga WH energy is Daily consumed for this purpose only and in one year the total power
consumption, X = 256 * 365 = 93,440 Giga W-H.
CO2 Emission controlled:
- 0.1 ton
extracting from one laptop in each
year. So, the total Carbon Dioxide emission, S = 0.1 * 400,000,000 = 40,000,000 ton or 40
million Ton carbon dioxide emitted.
Cost: - the cost of the solar panel is about
600. But when the charger will be
manufactured at the industrial level the pries decrease below
500.
Benefit from Computer peripherals
Power consumption percentage
Benefit from Computer peripherals
•The average desktop computer consumes = 407 kWh per year .
•The average CRT monitor consumes approximately = 220 kWh per year, and the
average LCD monitor consumes =132 kWh per year.
•The average laser printer in the study consumed = 280 kWh per year.
•Laser multifunction devices followed suit, consuming = 200 kWh per year on
average.
Total no. of personal computer in India is 15 million. So, the total amount of power
consumption by the computers in India is = 15,000,000*407= 6,105,000,000 kWh
or 6105 Giga WH.
A complete desktop PC emanates 0.7 kg carbon dioxide per kWh. So, the total
amount of carbon dioxide emission is 0.7* 6,105,000,000= 4,273,500,000kg or
4.27 million ton of carbon dioxide.
Benefit for Comp. Peripherals in Worldwide
•The average desktop computer consumes = 407 kWh per year .
•The average CRT monitor consumes approximately = 220 kWh per year, and the
average LCD monitor consumes =132 kWh per year.
•The average laser printer in the study consumed = 280 kWh per year.
•Laser multifunction devices followed suit, consuming = 200 kWh per year on
average.
Total no. of personal computer in world is 1.5 billion. So, the total amount of
power consumption by the computers in India is = 1,500,000,000*407=
610,500,000,000 kWh or 610.5 Tera WH.
A complete desktop PC emanates 0.7 kg carbon dioxide per kWh. So, the total
amount of carbon dioxide emission is 0.7* 610,500,000,000 = 427,350,000,000 kg
or 427.35 million ton of carbon dioxide.
Base Transmitting Station (BTS)
Benefit from the project for BTS
Energy saves:
- In India, there are over 3,30,000 Base Transmitting Station (BTS) and
every BTS consumes all total average 5 kW-H in 1 hour including all payloads. So, the total
power consumed in a day by BTS, P= 5*24 = 120 kW-H, and in one year the power
consumption is, E = 120 * 365 = 43,800 kW-H and for all BTS in India the value becomes,
Q = 43800 * 330000 = 14454,000,000kW-H which mean on an average the total power
consumption in one year in India only by all BTSs is = 14.454 Tera W-H = 14454 Giga W-H .
Fuel controlled:
- In India, there are over 1,12,000 Base Transmitting Station (BTS)
in rural areas only and due to the power supply problem the 15kW-H Diesel Generator
consumes 2 liter diesel per hour. So, the total consumption by the BTSs in rural area in one
hour H= 2 * 3,30,000 = 6,60,000 liter diesel. They averagely run 12 hours in a day. So, the
total fuel consumption in a day by all BTSs C = 660000 * 12 = 7,290,000 liter diesel. So, in
one year the total fuel consumption is F = 7920000 * 365 = 2,890,800,000 liter or more
than 2.890 million ton of diesel.
CO2 Emission controlled:
- each liter diesel burning produces 2.68 kg Carbon
dioxide. So, the total amount of carbon dioxide is produced from the BTSs’ diesel
generators from India only X = 2,890,800,000 * 2.68 = 7,747,344,000 kg of carbon dioxide
or 7.747344 million ton of carbon dioxide from India only.
Benefit from ICT industries
The Future of Green ICT
Government’s starting renewable energy
plans for their nations.
Government’s starting environmental
procedures to help the environment out.
Human’s are becoming aware of the affects
they take on this planet and acting.
The Private Sector is investing in green
technologies to save money.
The future of green technology is now!
ICT solutions For a Sustainable Future
Program
•
•
•
•
•
Adopting Environment-friendly & smart energy
efficient ICT solutions, starting with the transport
sector.
Applying Green Architecture foundations and
requirement in the Maadi technological Area.
Turning the MCIT premises to be LEED Certified.
Establishing pilot projects for Green and smart ICT
applications in the Smart Villages.
Supporting the Ministry of State for Environment
Affairs (MSEA) in establishing a Climate Change
database Center.
Special Interest
• Solar charger for computer and computer
peripherals for rural area where electricity is
available for 4 hours with voltage fluctuation.
• For Rural exchange and Telephone service due
to the irregularities in supply of electricity of
poor quality – fluctuating voltage – some
times damaging the system.
Conclusion
It is quite possible to introduce photovoltaic
charger for mobile, computer and computer
peripherals as well as rural exchanges. Mobile
charger is already in place. Within next 3
months photovoltaic charger will be in place
for computer-desktop, laptop, computer
peripherals as well as rural telephone
exchanges.
Steps Taken by IIT-A for Green ICT
• Green mobile charger – well demonstrated, is ready for the
industrial role over.
• Green ICT is introduced as an Elective in B.Tech final year and
M.Tech batches.
• M.Tech program in Green Energy System Engineering is under
planing.
• Green ICT Center has been proposed to establishe.
• “Green Super Cloud Computing Center” is going to be
established.
• Many more project are going on in the field of Green ICT.
Industry-Academic partnership
IIIT-A ready for the challenge
Acknowledgement
•
•
Dr. Sonali Agarwal, Senior lecturer, IIITA
Mr. Sayantan Nath, Research Scholar, IIITA