ANOREXIA
Anorexia or self starvation was common during
the Roman Empire, but seems to disappear in
the medieval period when female procreative
capability became all important.
Charles Lasègue was the first doctor
who documented the disease “anorexia
nervosa” in 1873, when he wrote
L'anorexie Hysterique.
His book chronicled the stages of this
disease in young French girls.
The first published photo of a girl suffering
from this disorder appeared in a 1932 issue of
the
New England Journal of Medicine.
The New England
Journal of
Charles Lasègue
The first celebrity that suffered
anorexia was the singer
Karen Carpenter.
Suddenly, following her death in
1983, other actresses and public
figures spoke out about their own
battles to be thin, and the disease
started to be talked about by the
media.
BULIMIA
In the past, people thought that human diseases
came from food, so they used to vomit up as a
remedy for them.
This happened during the
middle ages, but also in
Ancient Egypt, Greece and
Arabian cultures.
Emperator
Claudius, bulimic.
Bulimia during the
Ancient Egypt.
In ancient Rome this practise was very
popular.
They even had special places to vomit
called "vomitorium".
Roman emperors Claudius and Vitellius
were bulimic.
But bulimia nervosa, as it is presented
now, was an unknown disease until the
late 20th century.
Dr. Gerald Russell was the first one
who studied the relation between
overeating and self-induced vomiting in
normal female students of North
American Universities.
In 1979 the first description of the
modern bulimia nervosa was published.
He mentioned that the condition was
always most relevant to females.
Dr. Gerald Russell
DEFINITION
ANOREXIA
“Anorexia nervosa” is an eating
disorder characterized by markedly
reduced appetite or total aversion to
food.
Ii is a serious psychological
disorder.
The person with anorexia initially
begins dieting to lose weight, but
finally goes into the endless cycle of
restrictive eating, often to a point
close to starvation.
This becomes an out-of-control
obsession and is similar to an addiction
to a drug.
Anorexia can be life-threatening.
ANOREXI
A
Hospitalization
T
R
E
A
T
M
E
N
T
S
It could be necessary in case the patient is severely
ill. Sometimes those who refuse eating are given
feedings through a nasogastric tube.
Cognitive –
dysfunctional thought patterns,
Behavioural
attitudes.
Psychotherapy
Interpersonal
Psychotherapy
Family
Therapy
Group
Psychotherapy
Medications
relationship difficulties, selfesteem.
Help family change behaviors.
While recovering allows people the
opportunity to support each others.
May help to have fewer depressed
Antidepressants feelings, and be less obsessed with food
and weight.
May help anorexics deal with their anxiety.
Tranquilizers
They are highly addictive.
Estrogens
May help some women re-mineralize their bones
and avoid them from having fractures in the
future.
BULIMIA
DEFINITION
Bulimia is an eating disorder
characterized by episodes of
excessive eating followed by
inappropriate methods of weight
control, such as self-induced
vomiting, abuse of laxatives and
diuretics, or excessive exercise.
Like anorexia, this psychological
eating disorder goes into an
out-of-control dieting.
The cycle of overeating and purging
can quickly become an obsessive
addiction.
TREATMENT
There are some points that should be worked with a bulimic
person to experience a full and succesful recovery:
1. Professional help: to stop the cycle of bingering and
purging.
2. Treatement: Phychotherapy to solve the underlying
emotional issues that caused the bulimia.
3. Support: friends and family can really help people
recover, even when they’re receiving professional advice.
Bulimia should never be ignored.
SIGNS OF ANOREXIA
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
Obvious low weight
Obsession with overweight
Refusal to eat
Fear of food or weight gain
Over-exercising
Hiding food.
Unusual eating habits or rituals
Distorted body image
Personality changes
Other behavioral changes
PROFILE OF AN ANOREXIC:
According to medical data, out of ten patients of
anorexia, nine are women, between 15 and 26
years old.
They are obsessive, obedient, perfectionist,
succesful in their studies and with low
self-steem.
The girls usually belong to rigid families, strict
and little tolerant to changes.
Men also suffer this desease.
SIGNS OF BULIMIA
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
♣
Worry of over weight
Obsession with food/calories and calorie count
Hiding food
Other means of weight loss (abuse of laxatives, diet, pills…)
Signs of vomiting
Marks on hand from teeth (from forced vomiting)
Fasting
Depression
Mood changes
PROFILE OF A BULIMIC
The word bulimia comes from the Greek and means “hunger of oxen”.
It only appears generally in people between 18 and 28 years old. They
feel guilty after having huge meals so they empty their stomach by
different ways.
Bulimics are impulsive and conflictive, and they hide the habit of
vomiting.
Like in anorexia, 95% of bulimic patiens are women.
What about celebrities?
Poor celebrities! Always in front of the
camera, looking perfect everyday and at
every moment, they’re just dummies,
forced to be always thin.
If they put on weight, they’re lost.
These are just some examples…
-Nicole Richie:
This model, actress and singer,
due to her anorexia mixed with
alcohol and cocaine abuse. She
had to enter an anorexia
treatment centre because the life
of the baby she was going to
have was in danger.
Mary-Kate Olsen:
The famous actress got
into an eating disorders
treatment center
because of her
anorexia.
This problem appeared
when she started to be
famous.
She wanted a perfect
body and in order to get
it, she stopped eating.
Victoria Beckham:
She confessed that in the past she
was obsessed with her appearance.
Victoria
had anorexia and
it seems that she
hasn’t gone
through it yet.
Madonna:
Six hours of exercise a
week and a strict diet have
made Madonna suffer
anorexia.
All in order to
let fans see
her perfect.
As you can see not only ordinary
people suffer from these eating
disorders, also celebrities do,
and they are among the most
affected by it, so it isn’t good to
follow these examples.
What matters is not the image
but the inside of the person,
the personality of oneself.
Enjoy your meals, be healthy, be happy!
PUBLICITY
You wanna be…???