Emotional Self-Regulation (ESR) Presented by: APS Healthcare Southwestern PA Health Care Quality Unit (APS HCQU) August 2012 bjl Disclaimer Information or education provided by the HCQU is not intended to replace medical advice from the consumer’s personal care physician, existing facility policy or federal, state and local regulations/codes within the agency jurisdiction. The information provided is not all inclusive of the topic presented. Certificates for training hours will only be awarded to those who attend a training in its entirety. Attendees are responsible for submitting paperwork to their respective agencies. 2 Objectives • Recall the importance of locus of control in controlling feelings • Recognize strategies for regulating one’s feelings • Describe how strategies to control feelings can be helpful for individuals with ID/DD 3 Defining Emotions and Feelings EMOTIONS • “A complex pattern of changes, including physiological arousal, feelings, cognitive processes, and behavioral reactions, made in response to a situation perceived to be personally significant.” American Psychological Association • Body’s response to threats and opportunities • Internal response to experiences FEELINGS • The mind's way of interpreting emotions • "The conscious, subjective experience of emotion." - Tsuchiya and Adolphs 4 Usefulness of Learning to Control Feelings • People can experience same event and have different responses • Feelings are easier to control than emotions • Control over feelings can contribute to sense of power 5 Exercise Locus of Control Questionnaire 6 Locus of Control • Measure of one’s perception of events • Ranges from Internal to External • Internal: one is better able to manage feelings • External: one is less able to manage feelings 7 Locus of Control (continued) Provides insight into regulation of emotions/feelings External LOC correlated with depression Internal LOC correlated with better coping skills Can be changed Takes effort Desire to change 8 Changing Locus of Control • Changing Locus of Control • Encourage awareness of choices • Change takes practice • Think of situation • Come up with choices for that situation • Settle on options that make sense • Can increase internal locus of control 9 Controlling Feelings: Strategies • Five ‘Groups’ of strategies 1. Situation Selection 2. Situation Modification 3. Attentional Deployment 4. Cognitive Change 5. Response Modulation 10 Situation Selection • Approaching or avoiding events • Knowledge/inventory of ‘triggers’ • Avoid negative triggers • Engage with positive triggers 11 Situation Modification • Changing an activity to alter emotional impact • Changing parts of the environment to alter emotional impact 12 Attentional Deployment • Distraction • Shift focus away from event/situation • Physical withdrawal of attention • Internal shift in attention • External shift in attention 13 Cognitive Change • Thinking about situation in a different way • Giving an event different meaning • A means of re-evaluating events • May require assistance for some individuals 14 Response Modulation • Altering or suppressing behaviors associated with emotions • Consideration of how behaviors may impact self/others • Not denial of emotion • Suppression of emotional expression • Can be quite difficult to do • Impulse control issues • Cognitive processing issues • Mental health symptoms 15 Response Modulation Activities • Deep breathing exercises • Breathe in through nose, out through mouth • Progressive muscle relaxation • Allowing muscles to go from tense to relaxed • Start at head/shoulders and progress to feet • ‘The melting ice cube’ approach • Movement and/or exercise • Releases energy and endorphins 16 Benefits of Regulating Feelings • Increased sense of self-control • Increased self-reliance • Better sense of self-confidence • Greater satisfaction with life events 17 Summary • Emotions and feelings are a system to understand the environment • Emotions = reactions to sensory input • Feelings = interpretations of reactions to sensory input • Strategies to control feelings provide ways to regulate this system • Can lead to feeling in control • More satisfaction with life events • Strategies can be learned and practiced by anyone 18 References • Chapin, B. (2010). Self-regulation strategies for school-age children. Retrieved on July 11, 2012 from http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom= header&q=Selfregulation+strategies+for+school-age+children • Gerrig, R. J., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2002). Psychology and life. (16 ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. • Gross, J. J. (2008). Emotion regulation. In M. Lewis, J. Haviland-Jones & L. Feldman Barrett (Eds.), Handbook Of Emotions (pp. 497-512). Retrieved from http://brainimaging.waisman.wisc.edu/~perlman/0903EmoPaper/EmoRegChapterGross_08.pdf 19 References • Hall, E. A. University of California, Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior. (2001). Feelings about drug use: Drug related locus of control. Retrieved on July 5, 2012 from http://www.uclaisap.org/CJS/assets/docs/DRLOC _scale_instrumentation.pdf • Lanzen, M. (2005, March 24). Feeling our emotions. Scientific American, 2005(April), Retrieved on July 10, 2012 from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=feeling-our-emotions • Parrott, W. (2001), Emotions in Social Psychology, Psychology Press, Philadelphia. 20 References • Shirley, J. (2011, June 3). Feeling vs. emotion: What's the difference?. Retrieved from http://joeshirley.com/feeling-vs-emotion-whats-the-difference/ • Torre, J. (2011, April 8). Emotional control: Strategies we use for regulating our emotions . Retrieved from http://www.psychologyinaction.org/2011/04/08/emotional-control-strategieswe-use-for-regulating-our-emotions/ • Tsuchiya, N., & Adolphs, R. (2007). Emotion and consciousness . Trends in Cognitive Science, 565, 1-10. 21 To register for future trainings, or for more information on this or any other physical or behavioral health topic, please visit our website at www.hcqu.apshealthcare.com 22 23 Evaluation Please take a few moments to complete the evaluation form found in the back of your packets. Thank You! 24 Test Review There will be a test review after all tests have been completed and turned in to the Instructor. 25