Introduction to APA Style
Created for
Introduction to Management (MG 101)
Why APA Style?
When you go to McDonald’s in Russia or in
Windham, you know what a Big Mac is.
Why APA Style?
The APA (American Psychological Association)
style consists of rules used by writers in the
social sciences to ensure that certain elements
found in a paper are uniform, regardless of who
wrote the paper.
Examples of those elements:
In-text citations
Handling long quotations
References list
Using signal phrases
Use an in-text citation with direct
quotations
“Lately, the oil sector has been the focus of deregulatory
reforms that have been undertaken by the GOP. Steps
undertaken have paved the way for fierce competition,
compelling OMC`s to adopt better marketing practices so as
to retain market share” (Rani, 2011, p. 88).
**Direct quotations are enclosed in quotation
marks.
Use an in-text citation when
paraphrasing
Strong economies in China and India led
to increases in world-wide oil demand
(Rani, 2011, p. 90).
APA encourages writers to use page number with intext citations for paraphrased material, but they are
not required.
References list
• A References list should be included at the
end of your paper.
• A References list entry should be created for
all resources you cite in your paper.
• The References list is arranged
alphabetically by the first word in the entry.
• The References list uses a hanging indent.
APA Format for Academic Journal or Other
Periodical With a DOI Retrieved from an
Online Database
Rani, I. (2011). Attock Petroleum Limited
under swot analysis. Interdisciplinary
Journal of Contemporary Research in
Business, 2(12), 75-98. doi:10.1037
/0278-6133.27.3.379
APA Format for Academic Journal or Other
Periodical Without a DOI Retrieved from an
Online Database
Rani, I. (2011). Attock Petroleum Limited
under swot analysis. Interdisciplinary
Journal of Contemporary Research in
Business, 2(12), 75-98. Retrieved from
http://www.ijcrb.webs.com
APA Format for Newspaper Retrieved from an
Online Database
Hogan, J. (1998, December 18). Performance
and pay: Experiments conducted 70 years
ago shed light on today’s fixation with
incentives. Financial Times. Retrieved from
www.ft.com
**Give Year, Month and Day for daily and weekly
newspapers.