The
Protestant
Reformation
1500-1600
Long-Term Causes
The Renaissance
• People began to question the Church
• Printing Press
– More books printed
– Books printed in the vernacular
– Ideas spread faster
– The Gutenberg Bible printed
in German, so people can
read and interpret it
themselves
Long-term Causes
Problems in the Church
• Nepotism: Church positions given to family
members
• Rising taxes and fees for marriages and
baptisms
• People believe the Church is too wealthy
Long-Term Causes
Strong Monarchs
• Some kings, queens, and princes
support the Reformation because
they want to have more power than
the Church officials
Short-term Causes
Martin Luther
• German monk
• Wrote “The Ninety-Five Thesis” (1517)
– Objected to the sale of indulgences
– Was excommunicated by the Pope
Fun Facts!
Married Katherine von Bora
Short-term Causes
Desiderius Erasmus
• Renaissance writer
Major objection
with the Church
Christianity
Should be simple
Without rituals
Impact on the
Reformation
Wrote the book
Praise of Folly
to help spread
ideas
Short-term Effects
Holy Roman Empire
• Religious
unity in
Europe
ended
Short-term Effects
Martin Luther
• Lutheran Church
= based on the
ideas of Luther
Short-term Effects
New Denominations:
John Calvin
• Calvinism
– Predestination
– The Elect
– Salvation based on faith
According to the
cartoon, what is a
major belief of John
Calvin?
Short-term Effects
New Denominations:
John Calvin
• Calvinism = based on ideas
of John Cavlin
Short-term Effects
John Calvin
• French priest
Major objection
with the Church
Christianity
Should be simple
without rituals
Believed in
predestination
Impact on the
Reformation
Ideas led to
Calvinism
Short-term Effects
New Denominations:
Anglican Church
• Henry VIII
– Broke from the
Catholic Church to
gain power
– Formed the Anglican
Church
Fun Fact!
Three blind mice, three blind
Mary
Mary
quite
mice,
See
how
theycontrary,
run,
see ahow
Nursery
Rhymes
were
How
grow?
they does
run, your
They garden
all ran after
the
popular form of protest
With
silver
bells
andcut
cockle
shells
farmer's
wife,
Who
off their
tails
against
monarchs
Andapretty
maids
allDid
in ayou
row.ever
with
carving
knife,
see such a thing in your life, As
three blind mice?
Long-term Effects
Catholic Reformation
• RCC feared losing members and power
• Pope Paul III (1534-1549)
– Investigation of abuses
– Banned the sale of indulgences
Short-term Effects
Catholic Reformation
• Ignatius Loyola
– Jesuits
– Encouraged schools,
evangelism, and missionaries
Long-term Effects
Catholic Reformation
• Questioning spirit continues
– People question other areas of Church belief