ITC Support to Landlocked
Developing Countries
Brainstorming Meeting on the Priorities of a New
Development Agenda for the Landlocked Developing
Countries
A presentation to: UN-OHRLLS
By: Anders Aeroe, Director, Division of Market Development, ITC
Date: 21 March, 2013
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ITC Mandate
“
The role and support of the private sector are essential if we
are to be successful. It is in this spirit that I have held in-depth
consultations with Ms Patricia Francis of ITC on how to
elaborate a global strategy aimed at enhancing the role of the
private sector, particularly in developing countries.
”
Pascal Lamy (2nd Global Aid for Trade Review)
• To enable export success for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
• Pro-poor agenda – emphasis on Africa and LDCs, LLDCs and SIDS.
• Contribution to MDGs – especially:
– 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
– 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
– 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability
– 8: Global Partnership for Development
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ITC’s Areas of Work
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Trade Intelligence
ITC builds capacities in trade information services, in market research and analysis and
the formulation and implementation of export strategies.
Example: ITC supported the Central African Republic in conducting a customized export
potential assessment. This allowed policy makers and TSIs to identify products and
sectors with high export potential which contributed to the formulation of a National
Export Strategy.
Enhancing trade support institutions and policies
ITC builds capacities of Trade Support Institutions to support the private sector. ITC also
works on building stakeholder confidence in developing appropriate policy and regulatory
reform processes.
Example: ITC supported Lao PDR in preparation for WTO accession, by strengthening
stakeholder confidence in the government's bid for membership.
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Strengthening export capacity of enterprises
ITC assists small and medium sized enterprises in building productive capacities
and reach global markets.
Example: ITC's Trade Promotion Project in Tajikistan strengthens the
sustainable expansion and diversification of SME exports from Tajikistan.
Inclusiveness and sustainability
ITC mainstreams inclusiveness and sustainability into trade promotion and export
development policies
Example: ITC works to enhance the capacity of Ugandan women informal cross-border
traders (ICBTs) to increase their exports to neighbouring countries by reducing and
eliminating trade facilitation impediments at points of entry and exit.
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ITC’s projects in LLDCs 2010-2013
Afghanistan, Armenia, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central
African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lao PDR, Lesotho, Republic
of Macedonia, Malawi, Mali, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, Swaziland, Tajikistan,
Uganda, Uzbekistan, Zambia, Zimbabwe (27 in total)
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LLDCs Exports 2001- 2011
Percentage change in export 2001-2011
Note: Includes all export groups (oil as well as services)
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Export by level of processing
raw materials
semi-processed goods
processed goods
2007
2011
2007
2011
2007
2011
LLDCs
32.7%
37.2%
47.9%
46.8%
19.5%
16.0%
Developing
8.4%
10.7%
20.6%
21.6%
71.0%
67.7%
LDCs
31.2%
29.9%
27.2%
28.4%
41.6%
41.8%
Note: Export values are US$ billion. Percentages show the share of
each product group in total exports by country group. Excluding oil.
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The ITC Programme on NTMs
•
Business perspective in focus
•
Direct empirical research through company level surveys
•
In-depth analysis of survey results as diagnostic of the current situation
of companies with regards to NTMs
•
Carried out in close collaboration with national and international
partners
•
Around 30 beneficiary countries between 2010 and 2013
The ITC Programme on NTMs - Survey countries
As of 1 January 2013
9,339 phone interviews
3,290 face-to-face interviews
(plus 7 pilot countries)
What are Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs)?
• Official policy measures on export and import, other than
ordinary customs tariffs, that can potentially have an economic effect
on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, prices or
both
• Mandatory requirements, rules or regulations legally set by the
government of the exporting, importing or transit country (in contrast to
private standards which are not legally set)
• Can affect both export and import
• Include technical measures and standards, as well as regulations on
customs procedures, para-tariff measures, financial measures,
prohibition, etc.
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Share of companies affected by NTMs
Country
Landlocked countries
Burkina Faso
Malawi
Kazakhstan
Paraguay
Rwanda
LLDC simple average
Non-landlocked countries
Sri Lanka
Peru
Morocco
Kenya
Mauritius
Madagascar
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Senegal
Occ. Palestinian Territory
Guinea
Non-LLDC simple average
No. of interviewed
companies
Overall affectedness
(= affected companies /
all interviewed
companies)
172
129
387
406
529
59.9%
69.0%
33.9%
61.8%
74.7%
59.8%
512
960
794
764
416
393
608
500
260
230
331
69.7%
40.2%
43.5%
74.0%
40.9%
53.4%
34.5%
34.2%
63.1%
56.5%
94.9%
55.0%
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Survey:Types of Reported Barriers
(Based on NTM surveys of 12 countries including 3 LLDCs)
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Development Agenda for LLDCs
Mobilizing the private sector for achieving sustainable
economic development goals in LLDCs.
Suggested priorities:
1. Address non-tariff barriers to trade
2. Build productive capacities
3. Enable trade in services
4. Strengthen private sector voice and confidence in policy and regulatory
reform processes
5. Build private sector resilience to new challenges
6. Ensure trade, economic growth and LLDCs are at the centre of the post2015 MDG planning
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Thank You!
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