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Health
Belief
Raquel Blamires,
Becky Siddoway,
Ari Messerly
Jaquoy Prows
Valerie Wheelwright
Megan Passey
Model
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Background
 Theorists:
 (1950’s)
o
o
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Group of social psychologists:
Godfrey Hochbaum
Stephen Kegels,
Irwin Rosenstock.
 Trying
to explain why people were not
participating in disease detection programs.
(Tuberculosis Screening)
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Defined Purpose
 Value
Expectancy Theories:
A goal setting theory based on level of
aspiration, in which the individual sets
the target of future performance based
on past performance.
 Originally
developed to predict
preventive health behavior, revised to
include general health motivation.
Kurt Lewin
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Importance

One of the first models developed exclusively for
health-related behaviors.

Currently among the most popular models
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Has been revised to apply to a greater number of
people (Expanded)
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Perceived Susceptibility
 Definition: Subjective
belief that a person may
acquire a disease or enter a harmful state as a result
of a particular disease.
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Perceived Severity
 Definition: belief
in the extent of harm that can
result from the acquired disease or harmful state of a
particular behavior.
MILD
SEVERE
(death)
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Perceived Benefits

Definition: Belief in the advantages of the methods
suggested for reducing the risk or seriousness of the
disease of harmful state from a particular behavior.
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Perceived Barriers

Concern that the new
behavior will take too
much time.
 Their
belief could be
actual or imagined.
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Cues to action
 To
cause a force that would
make a person feel the
need to take action.
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Self-efficacy
 Confidence
in a
persons ability to
purse a behavior
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 Primary
Prevention example for HBM
Should I get the H1N1
vaccination?
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Constructs & applications
 Perceived
susceptibility
Perceived
severity
Perceived
benefits
 How
likely is it I
will get swine
flu?
How bad
would it be if I
did?
What do I
gain by getting
the shot?
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Constructs & applications
Perceived
Barriers
Cues
to
Action
Self
Efficacy
Is
it availablewhat’s the cost?
Posters, Emails,
commercials
I
am confident I
can be healthy
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Research Example
A. Purpose
 Analyze
health beliefs on practicing breast self
examination (BSE) among Turkish mothers and their
daughters, who were nursing students.
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Research Example
B. Results
 Nursing
student daughters practiced BSE more
regularly than their mothers.
 The
mothers scored higher in perceived
susceptibility and barriers
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Research Example
C. Conclusions
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Significant differences were found between
participants.
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Education was seen as a factor.
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Research Example
C. Conclusions continued…
 Daughters
who had:
lower perceptions of barriers,
 higher motivation,
 benefit perception,
 self-efficacy
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Research Example
D. Implications
 Perceive
fewer barrier
 Believing
in one’s ability
 Motivation
to do it regularly
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Research Example
D. Implications continued…
 Training
by health care providers
Successful BSE
 Lowering perceived barriers such as fear, frequency,
and time constraints
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Reference

Kara, B., & Acikel, C. (2009). Health beliefs and breast self-examination in a
sample of Turkish nursing students and their mothers. Journal of Clinical
Nursing, 18(10), 1412-1421.
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Conclusion
 Health
 First
Belief Model is a value-expectancy model
theory developed exclusively for health-related
behaviors
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Conclusion
 Strengths
Can be used alone or in conjunction with other models
 Understanding what beliefs or attitudes motivate
behaviors
 Good for the cessation and acquisition of behaviors
 Enhances self-control
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Conclusion
 Weaknesses
Not great for long term behavior
change
 Lacks predictive power
 Difficult to be tested
 Self fulfilling prophecy
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Conclusion
 Consists
of six constructs
Perceived susceptibility
 Perceived severity
 Perceived benefits
 Perceived barriers
 Cues to action
 Self-efficacy
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Together known as
“Perceived Threat”